Category: Class 5

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 14 Transport Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 EVS Solutions Part 1 Chapter 14 Transport

5th Std EVS 1 Digest Chapter 14 Transport Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Write five sentences on how you have benefited from transport facilities.

Question 1.
Write five sentences on how you have benefited from transport facilities.
Answer:
Due to transport facilities:

1. Work gets done soon.
2. Time and effort are saved.
3. Trade is facilitated easily.
4. Connection to different parts of the world easily.
5. It has improved lifestyle by education and health services.

2. List four other facilities that have become available in the local area due to transport facilities.

Question 1.
List four other facilities that have become available in the local area due to transport facilities.
Answer:
Due to transport, we are able to get vegetables and fruits. Milk is supplied on time. We are able to go to the market and malls. We are able to visit relatives and friends.

3. Suggest four solutions to reduce the burden on the local transport.

Question 1.
Suggest four solutions to reduce the burden on the local transport.
Answer:
To reduce the burden on local transport build flyovers, walk short distance, avoid unnecessary travel and go to school and work place close to our house.

4. Find the area in your locality with the least pollution. why is this the least polluted area?

5. What is the full form of CNG and LPG.

Question 1.
What is the full form of:
Answer:
1. CNG: Compressed National Gas
2. LPG: Liquidified Petroleum Gas

6.

Question (a)
In the above picture, which vehicle is causing pollution?
Answer:
The Bus

Question (b)
What remedy will you suggest to reduce the pollution caused by this vehicle?
Answer:
The bus should do PUC to control the smoke given out.

Can you tell?

Question 1.
(a) Walking
(b) Riding a bicycle
(c) Using a private vehicle
(d) Using a public vehicle
Which of the above options will you choose on the following occasions?
Answer:

1. Going to study at a friend’s house who lives near by [a]
2. Going to your school which is about one kilometre away. [b]
3. Taking materials to a science exhibition in another town. [c]
4. Going to a wedding in the next town. [d]

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 14 Transport Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks with the correct answers from the options given below:

Question 1.
Using a vehicle saves ……………….. and ……………… .
(a) time
(b) money
(c) effort
(d) energy
Answer:
(a) time , (c) effort

Question 2.
The burning of fuel in vehicles emits ……………… and ………………… .
(a) water
(b) ash
(c) gases
(d) smoke
Answer:
(c) gas , (d) smoke

Question 3.
If there are traffic jams, ……………….. and …………………. pollution in that area increases.
(a) air
(b) water
(c) noise
(d) land
Answer:
(a) air , (c) noise

Question 4.
Indigenous trees adopt easily to the local environment and help in enhancing ……………….. .
(a) nature
(b) climate
(c) biodiversity
Answer:
(c) biodiversity

Question 5.
We use ………………… in automobiles.
(a) fuels
(b) water
(c) turbines
(d) air
Answer:
(a) fuels

Question 6.
Automobiles cause ………………… and ………………. pollution.
(a) air
(b) land
(c) noise
(d) water
Answer:
(a) air , (c) noise

Question 7.
Different parts of the world are now ………………… due to transport facilities.
(a) known
(b) connected
(c) enemies
(d) friends
Answer:
(b) connected

Question 8.
The transport of goods even on a ………………… level has become simple and easy.
(a) national
(b) state
(c) global
(d) equal
Answer:
(c) global

Question 9.
There is constant ………………. on a busy road.
(a) smoke
(b) water
(c) breeze
(d) traffic
Answer:
(d) traffic

Question 10.
When fuel is burnt in vehicles, minute particles of carbon and lead are released into the ……………………. .
(a) water
(b) air
(c) land
(d) fire
Answer:
(b) air

Question 11.
Growth and development of plants is affected adversely, due to …………………. pollution.
(a) water
(b) air
(c) land
(d) fire
Answer:
(b) air

Question 12.
Constant traffic through forest areas can ……………….. the habitat of plants and animals living there.
(a) harm
(b) protect
(c) befriend
(d) develop
Answer:
(a) harm

Question 13.
The constant sounds of vehicles create …………………… on a large scale.
(a) headache
(b) noise
(c) accidents
(d) music
Answer:
(b) noise

Question 14.
Traffic ………………. causes injuries, deaths and damage to the vehicles.
(a) accidents
(b) jam
(c) noise
(d) smoke
Answer:
(a) accidents

Question 15.
We should cultivate habits such as ………………… short distances.
(a) jogging
(b) riding
(c) flying
(d) walking
Answer:
(d) walking

Question 16.
Our environment is sensitive, that is why, ………………. has destructive effects on it.
(a) pollution
(b) solution
(c) resolution
(d) transportation
Answer:
(a) pollution

2. Match the following:

Question 1.
Match the following:

Answer:

Name the following:

Question 1.
Pollution caused by automobiles.
Answer:
Air and noise.

Question 2.
Gases emitted through burning of fuels.
Answer:
Carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, suphur dioxide.

Question 3.
Indigenous variety of trees.
Answer:
Banyan, Peepul, Neem, Karanj.

Question 4.
Fuels that do not cause pollution.
Answer:
LPG and CNG.

Answer in one sentence:

Question 1.
What facilities grow due to speedier modem means of transport?
Answer:
Modem means of transport speeds up facilities of tourism, health and education.

Question 2.
What is air pollution?
Answer:
An excess of carbon and lead substances lowers the quality of air in the environment which is called air pollution.

Question 3.
What harm do traffic accidents cause?
Answer:
Traffic accidents cause injuries, deaths and damage to the vehicles.

Question 4.
What habit should we cultivate if we have to travel a short distance?
Answer:
If we have to travel a short distance, we should cultivate the habit of working.

Question 5.
What mode of transport saves time and effort?
Answer:
Using a vehicle saves time and effort.

Question 6.
What causes air and noise pollution?
Answer:
Automobiles causes air and noise pollution.

Question 7.
What do vehicles constantly emit?
Answer:
Due to burning of fuel in vehicles, they constantly emit smoke and some poisonous gases.

Question 8.
Name some poisonous gases emitted by burning of fuels.
Answer:
Some of the poisonous gases emitted by burning of fuels include carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide.

Question 9.
What happens when there is constant traffic through forest areas?
Answer:
Constant traffic through forest areas can harm the habitat of plants and animals living there so, the wild animals in these forests migrate elsewhere.

Question 10.
What are the ill-effects of noise pollution to man?
Answer:
Noise pollution causes restlessness, irritability, headaches, lack of concentration, psychological disorders etc.

What are the effects of following on humans, plants and animals?

Question 1.
Air pollution on humans
Answer:
It increases trachea, lung and eye disorders, e.g. burning of the eyes

Question 2.
Air pollution on plants.
Answer:
The leaves of plants shrivel up and fall, sprouts, get scorched. The growth and development of plants is affected.

Question 3.
Air pollution on animals.
Answer:
The habitat of the animals is harmed and wild animals migrate elsewhere.

Question 4.
Sound pollution on humans.
Answer:
Sound pollution causes restlessness, irritability, headaches, lack of concentration, and psychological disorders.

Answer in brief:

Question 1.
What are sailing ships?
Answer:
In olden times, ships did not use fuel engines. They had sails which helped to use the force of wind. They were called sailing ships.

Question 2.
What options should we consider to help reduce pollution?
Answer:
We can help reduce pollution in the following ways:
1. By cultivating a habit to walk short distances.
2. By riding a bicycle for slightly longer distances.
3. By using public transport as far as possible.

Write short notes:

Question 1.
Remedies for reducing pollution.
Answer:
The following are the remedies for reducing pollution:

1. Use fuels that cause less pollution.
2. Maintain and repair vehicles from time to time.
3. Use public transport mostly.
4. Use private vehicles only when necessary.
5. Plant indigenous trees to enhance biodiversity.
6. Use LPG and CNG fuels which do not cause pollution.

Question 2.
Advantages of using a bicycle.
Answer:
The advantages of using a bicycle are as follows:

1. Physical exercise
2. Small loads can be carried
3. Pollution free
4. Self-reliance
5. Saves time
6. Can be stored in a small space
7. Saves money
8. Less crowding of vehicles on the streets

What’s the solution?

Question 1.
Rohan and Sania walk to school. Their school is thirty minutes away from their house. There is a cultural function at their school today. Their grandmother will accompany them to the function. But she gets tired easily because of her age. Which of the options listed below would you suggest for taking her to school?
(a) Walking
(b) Autorickshaw
(c) Bus
(d) Scooter
(e) Car
Answer:
Bus

Can you tell?

1. Observe the pictures and answer the following questions:

Picture: 1

Question 1.
Where have the children stopped?
Answer:
The children have stopped on the road divide.

Question 2.
Why have they stopped there?
Answer:
They have stopped there to cross the road due to heavy traffic.

Question 3.
What are the children doing?
Answer:
The children are rubbing their eyes, coughing and closing their ears.

Question 4.
What is troubling them?
Answer:
The noise and air pollution due to transport routes is troubling them.

Picture – 2:

1. State the difference between the plants close to the road and those for away from the road based on the following points:

Question (a)
Freshness of leaves.
Answer:
The leaves close to the road appear dull compared to the one’s that are far away from the road.

Question (b)
Colour of the leaves.
Answer:
The leaves near the road are brown as they are covered with a thick layer of dust and mud whereas those far away are green in colour.

Question (c)
Appearance of plants.
Answer:
The growth of plants is affected due to the pollution. The plants near the road have few leaves.

Glossary:

1. restlessness – lacking quiet and rest
2. irritability -the state of being irritable
3. pyschological – problem related to the mind
4. indigenous – occuring naturally in a particular place.
5. shrivel – wrinkle and contract
6. scorched – burnt
7. migrate – move from one region to another
8. facilitated – made easier
9. remedies – medicine or treatment.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 13 Methods of Preserving Food Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 EVS Solutions Part 1 Chapter 13 Methods of Preserving Food

5th Std EVS 1 Digest Chapter 13 Methods of Preserving Food Textbook Questions and Answers

1. What’s the solution?

Question (a)
The papads have become soft and moist .
Answer:
Papads which have been soft and moist should be kept in sun for drying. Drying method involves removal of water content (moisture) from the foodstuffs. Papads when kept in sun for drying for 2-3 days will become crisp again.

Question (b)
Fruits like mangoes, amlas, guavas and vegetables like peas, onions, tomatoes, fenugreek are needed all year round. They are available in plenty only in certain seasons.
Answer:
Different methods of food preservation are used in order to preserve fruits and vegetables. Mangoes can be preserved by making their squash preparation. Peas can be peeled from pods and preserved by keeping them in refrigerator for long time. Onions can be dried or fried and kept for a longer period of time. Tomatoes can be preserved by making tomato puree, squash or sauce.

2. Use your brain power!

Question 1.
Semolina (Shevaya) do not get spoiled for a very long time. But kheer made from them spoils easily. Why is this so?
Answer:
Semolina (Shevaya) are made by drying them in the sun. Since they are dried in sun, the water content in them is completely lost, hence they can be stored for longer time. On the other hand, kheer is made by using milk and milk is a highly perishable’’ product, hence kheer gets spoilt quickly.

3. Find and correct the wrong statements:

Question (a)
When something is boiled, the microorganisms in it are destroyed.
Answer:
It is a correct statement.

Question (b)
Our food does not get spoiled when microorganism begin to grow in it.
Answer:
It is an incorrect statement.
Correct statement: Our food gets spoiled when microorganisms begin to grow in it.

Question (c)
Foodstuffs dried in summer cannot be used for the rest of the year.
Answer:
It is an incorrect statement.
Correct statement: Foodstuffs dried in summer can be used for the rest of the year.

Question (d)
Foodstuffs get warmth when put in a fridge.
Answer:
It is an incorrect statement.
Correct statement: Foodstuffs get cool temperature when put in a fridge.

4. Answer the following questions:

Question (a)
What are the different methods of preserving food?
Answer:
Boiling, drying, cooling and placing the foodstuffs in airtight cans are the different methods of preserving food.

Question (b)
Why do we avoid eating food that has got spoiled?
Answer:
We should avoid eating spoiled food because it can cause stomach ache, diarrhoea/vomiting etc.

Question (c)
Why do we make jams from fruits?
Answer:
Fruits cannot stay fresh for longer period of time. In order to preserve them, various food preservatives like sugar is added to it. By preserving the fruits by adding sugar, we can get jams even after the season of fruits is over. Hence, we make jams from fruits.

Question (d)
What are preservatives?
Answer:
Certain substances that are added to the foodstuffs to preserve them for a long time are called preservatives.

Question (e)
Find out the names of the different spices. Also find out which part of their plant they are.
Answer:
Cinnamon, cardamom, bill leaves, cloves etc. are different spices. Cinnamon is a part of the stem of a plant, cardamom is fruit of plant and clove is a flowerbud of a tree.

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 13 Methods of Preserving Food Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks with the correct answers from the options given below:

Question 1.
………………. and ……………. are kept to dry in the open air in summer.
(a) Onions, potatoes
(b) Carrots and brinjals
(c) Milk, milk products
Answer:
(a) Onions, potatoes

Question 2.
……………………, ………………….. and …………………….. are available where food is kept.
(a) Air, moisture, warmth
(b) Fungus, ants, insects
(c) Spores, mice, rats
Answer:
(a) Air, moisture, warmth

Question 3.
Spoiled food has reduced ………………. value.
(a) nutrition
(b) additional
(c) reductional
Answer:
(a) nutrition

Question 4.
……………….. can be dried and stored for a long time.
(a) Spices
(b) Jams
(c) Mangoes
Answer:
(a) Spices

Question 5.
…………………. are present all around us in air as well as in water.
(a) Microorganisms
(b) ants
(c) insects
Answer:
(a) Microorganisms

Question 3.
State whether the following statements are True or False:

1. Asafoetida (hing) is a preservative.
2. Spices cannot be stored for a longer period of time.
3. Mango pulp and milk products are not spoiled quickly.

Answer:

1. True
2. False
3. False

Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
What is the advantage of placing the foodstuffs in the airtight cans?
Answer:
When the foodstuffs are preserved in airtight containers, the microorganisms are first destroyed and it is ensured that water or air does not enter the food stuff.

Question 2.
What are the conditions required for the growth of fungus?
Answer:
Availability of food, water, air and warmth are the conditions required for the growth of fungus.

Question 3.
What is the special feature of drying method?
Answer:
When the foodstuffs are dried by drying method, the water content in them is lost. This is the special feature of drying method.

Question 4.
What happens when the foodstuffs are boiled?
Answer:
When the foodstuffs are boiled, the microorganisms present in them are destroyed.

Question 5.
What precaution should be taken while buying food in sealed bags or boxes?
Answer:
While buying food in sealed bags or boxes, we should always check the expiry (use before) date printed on it.

Can you tell?

Talk to the elderly people in your family to find the answers to the following questions with reference to the foodstuffs mentioned below:
(milk, vegetables, grains, flours, sugar, jaggery)

Question 1.
When do we say that foodstuff is spoiled? What changes are seen in it?
Answer:
The foodstuff smells foul and have unpleasant appearance. There is even growth of fungus on foodstuffs.
Changes that occur in spoilt food: (a) Taste changes (b) Colour of the food change (c) Presence of black, white patch (fungus) on food (d) Unpleasant smell (e) Nutritive value reduces.

Question 2.
Is the time in which foodstuffs get spoilt different in different seasons?
Answer:
Yes, the time in which the foodstuffs gets spoilt is different in different seasons. Spoilage of any foodstuffs depends on the presence of temperature and humidity of the environment. Therefore in winter, foodstuffs are preserved for a long time than summer season.

Question 3.
Which foodstuffs get spoilt most quickly?
Answer:
Milk and milk products, fruits, vegetables, etc. are the foodstuffs which get spoilt most quickly.

Question 4.
What measures are taken to keep the foodstuffs in the house in good conditions, for as long as possible?
Answer:
We can keep the foodstuffs in the refrigerator, some foodstuffs can be dried, fried, etc. and stored for a long period.

Glossary:

1. pulp – soft, wet and crushed mass
2. fibrous – consisting of fibres.
3. airtight – not allowing air to escape or pass through.
4. moist – slightly wet
5. crisp – firm, dry and brittle
6. perishable – that which gets spoilt.

Read More:

BATAINDIA Pivot Point Calculator

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 2 History and the Concept of ‘Time’ Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 EVS Solutions Part 2 Chapter 2 History and the Concept of ‘Time’

5th Std EVS 2 Digest Chapter 2 History and the Concept of ‘Time’ Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the blank.

Question a.
The calendar we use today is based on the ______________.
Answer:
The calendar that we use today is based on the Common Era/Christian Era..

Question b.
The period before the Common Era is known as the time ____________.
Answer:
The period before Common Era or Christian Era is known as the Before Christ (BC).

2. Answer the question in one sentence.

Question a.
which scientific methods are used to estimate the age of the layers of soil and the remains found in them?
Answer:
Carbon-14 analysis and Tree-rings analysis are the scientific methods used to estima~e age of the layers of soil and the remains found in them

Question b.
How is the first century of the Common Era written?
Answer:
The first century of the Common Era is written as 1-100 AD.

3. Answer the following question in brief.

Question a.
What is meant by the unilinear division of time?
Answer:

1. Seven days make a week; two weeks make a fortnight and four weeks make a month.
2. Twelve months make a year, a hundred years make a century and ten centuries make a millennium.
3. This method of dividing time is known as the unilinear division of time.

Question b.
What are the units of measuring time?
Answer:

1. A second is the smallest unit of measuring time. Sixty seconds make a minute and sixty minutes make an hour.
2. Twenty-four hours make a day; seven days make a week and two weeks make a fortnight.
3. Four weeks (two fortnights) make a month and twelve months make a year.
4. One hundred years make a century and ten centuries make a millennium.

4. Complete the chart given below.

Question 1.
Complete the chart given below.

Answer:

Activity :

Question 1.
Prepare a monthly plan for yourself on the lines of the one given below.

Environmental Studies Part 2 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 2 History and the Concept of ‘Time’ Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks:

1. There are different methods of …………. time.
2. Time is ……………
3. We divide time into …………. .
4. We divide the day into two parts, and …………. .
5. Our earth rotates around its ………….. with a certain speed
6. Our Earth …………….. round the sun.
7. The sun has its own ………….
8. We receive ……….. from the sun.
9. The earth takes ………………….. hours to complete one rotation around its own axis.
10. A period of daytime and following night together make one …………. .
11. Seven days from Monday to Sunday make one ………….
12. Two weeks make a ……………….
13. Four weeks make a ……….
14. Twelve months make a …………..
15. One year is followed by another and, when hundred years go by, a ………….. completed.
16. When ten centuries, i.e. 1000 years are gone, a ………………… is completed.
17. In history books also, a chain of events that follow one after the other is presented in a … and ……………. manner.
18. ………. means in the year of Our Lord.
19. The Christian or Common Era began in the memory of ………….
20. The first century of this era is written as …….. CE or AD.
21. The period of the first millennium of this era is written as ……………. CE or AD.
22. The years of this period are counted and written in …………………. order.
23. The first century before the Common Era is indicated as ……………. BCE.
24. The first millennium before the Common Era is indicated as …………………. BCE.
25. The life time of Vardhaman Mahavir is written as ………….
26. The lifetime of Gautam Buddha is written as ………….
27. Measuring time is to measure the …………… of time.
28. Second, day, month, century, are some of the …………. of measuring time.
29. ………………. is the smallest unit of time.
30. It is an age-old custom to start a new to commemoratel a special event.
31. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj started a new era known as ………………….. in 1674 to commemorate his coronation.
32. ………………… and ……………. are two eras that are used in India.
33. The founder of Islam ……………….. migrated from Mecca to Madina.
34. The ………………….. era was started to commemorate prophet Muhammad’s migration.
35. The past is the subject matter of ………….
36. The period of history goes back to the time of the birth of our ……………….. system.
37. Our solar system came into being about ………………… billion years ago.
38. Our earth isa. ………. in the solar system.
39. The earth was also formed …………. billion years ago
40. History is divided into two main periods and ………….
41. The …………………….. period is the period for which no written records are available.
42. The period for which written records are available from which history can be written is known as the …………. period.
43. There are various methods of …………. .
44. There are many layers of ………….. deposited one above the other under the surface of the ground.
45. A rough estimate of how many years ago they existed can certainly be made using ……………. methods.
46. ………………. analysis and …….. analysis are known as dating techniques.
47. …………. is a science that tells us about events that happened in the past.

Answer:

1. reckoning
2. continuous
3. period
4. day, night
5. axis
6. revolves
7. light
8. light
9. 24
10. day
11. week
12. fortnight
13. months
14. year
15. century
16. millennium
17. linear, serial
18. Anno Domini
19. Jesus Christ
20. 1-100
21. 1-1000
22. reverse
23. 100-1
24. 1000-1
25. 599 BC-527BC
26. 563 BC – 483 BC
27. length
28. units
29. second
30. era
31. Rajyabhishek Shaka
32. Shalivahan Shaka, Vikram Samvat
33. Prophet Muhammad
34. Hijri
35. history
36. solar
37. 4.5
38. Planet
39. 4.5
40. Prehistoric, historic
41. prehistoric
42. historic
43. measuring
44. soil
45. scientific
46. Carbon14 analysis, tree-rings analysis
47. History

Match the columns:

Question 1.

Answer:

Answer each question in one sentence:

Question 1.
How is the day divided?
Answer:
The day is divided into two parts – day and night.

Question 2.
What are the two movements of the Earth?
Answer:
The two movements of the earth are rotation and revolution.

Question 3.
What is rotation?
Answer:
The movement of the earth around its own axis at a certain speed is called the rotation of the earth.

Question 4.
What is revolution?
Answer:
The movement of the earth around the sun is called ‘revolution of the earth’.

Question 5.
What is one day?
Answer:
The period of day time and the following night together makes one day.

Question 6.
What makes one week?
Answer:
Seven days, Monday to Sunday make one week

Question 7.
What is a fortnight?
Answer:
2 weeks or 14 days make a fortnight.

Question 8.
What makes a month?
Answer:
Four weeks or 30/31 days make a month.

Question 9.
What makes a year?
Answer:
Twelve months make a year.

Question 10.
How is a century completed?
Answer:
One year followed by another year and when 100 years go by, a century is completed.

Question 11.
What is a millennium?
Answer:
When ten centuries, i.e. 1000 years have gone by, a millennium is completed.

Question 12.
What is unilinear division of time?
Answer:
The method of dividing time into day, week, month, year, century and millennium is known as unilinear division of time.

Question 13.
What is Christian Era?
Answer:
This era began in memory of Jesus Christ and so this era is called as Christian Era.

Question 14.
What is common Era?
Answer:
The calendar we use today is based on the Christian era. Since it is commonly followed all over the world, now it is called as ‘Common Era’.

Question 15.
How is the first century of Common Era written?
Answer:
The first 100 years, i.e., the first century of this era is written as years 1 – 100 CE or 1 – 100 AD.

Question 16.
How is the first millennium written?
Answer:
The period of the first millennium of this era is written as, 1 – 1000 CE or 1 – 1000 AD.

Question 17.
What is BCE or BC?
Answer:
The period before the common era is known as the time “Before Common Era (BCE)” or
“Before Christ (BC)”.

Question 18.
How are the years recorded in the BCE or BC period?
Answer:
The years of this period are counted and also written in reverse order.

Question 19.
How is the first century of ‘Before the Common Era period’ written?
Answer:
The first century before the Common Era is indicated as 100 – 1 BC.

Question 20.
How is the first millennium of ‘Before the Common Era period’ written?
Answer:
The first millennium Before the Common Era is indicated as 1000 – 1 BCE.

Question 21.
How is the life time of Vardhaman Mahavir written?
Answer:
The life time of Vardhaman Mahavir is written as 599 BC – 527 BC.

Question 22.
How is the life time of Gautam Buddha written?
Answer:
The life time of Gautam Buddha is written as 563 BC – 483 BC.

Question 23.
Name the units of measuring time.
Answer:
Second, minute, hour, day, week, fortnight, month, year, century and millennium are units of measuring time.

Question 24.
Which is the smallest unit of measuring time?
Answer:
The second is the smallest unit of measuring time.

Question 25.
Which is the most common method of measuring time in different parts of the world?
Answer:
The Common Era or the Christian Era is the most common method of measuring time in different parts of the world.

Question 26.
How is a date written?
Answer:
The date consists of the serial number of that day followed by the name or serial number of the current month and then serial number of the current year.

Question 27.
When does a new era generally commence?
Answer:
It is an age-old custom to start a new era to commemorate a special event.

Question 28.
Which era was started by Shivaji Maharaj?
Answer:
Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj started a new era or shaka known as ‘Rajyabhishek Shaka’ in 1674 to commemorate his coronation

Question 29.
Which two eras are used in India?
Answer:
Shalivahan Shaka’ and ‘Vikram Samvat’ are two eras that are used in India.

Question 30.
Who is Prophet Muhammad?
Answer:
Prophet Muhammad is the founder of Islam.

Question 31.
When did Prophet Muhammad start an era?
Answer:
Prophet Muhammad migrated from Mecca to Medina, so, the ‘Hijri Era’ was started to commemorate this event.

Question 32.
Which era is used by the Parsi community in India?
Answer:
The Parsi community in India uses the “Shahenshahi Era”.

Question 33.
What makes up the subject matter of History?
Answer:
The past makes up the subject matter of History

Question 34.
When did our solar system come into being?
Answer:
Our solar system came into being about 4.5 billion years ago

Question 35.
How long ago was our earth formed?
Answer:
Our Earth is a planet in the solar system, so it is presumed that the earth was also formed 4.5 billion years ago.

Question 36.
Which two main periods is the time in History divided?
Answer:
The time in history is divided into two main periods: Pre-historic and Historic period.

Question 37.
What is Pre-historic period?
Answer:
The Pre-historic period is the period for which no written records are available.

Question 38.
What is Historic period?
Answer:
The period for which written records are available from which history is written is known as Historic period’.

Question 39.
What is years before the common era?
Answer:
The events before the beginning of the common era are mentioned as having occurred a certain number of years before the common era.

Question 40.
What are evidences?
Answer:
Evidence is usually in the form of man-made artifacts and fallen structures.

Question 41.
How can we determine the time of the events that took place thousands of years ago?
Answer:
With the help of artifacts and also using scientific methods we can determine the time of the events that took place thousands of years ago.

Give reasons for the following :

Question 1.
Time is divided into periods.
Answer:
i. There are different methods of reckoning time
ii. Time is continuous, but for our convenience we divide time into periods.

Question 2.
The Christian era is also known as the common era.
Answer:

1. The calendar we use today is based on the Christian era.
2. This era is most widespread and commonly used all over the world.
3. Therefore this era is now called the Common era.

Question 3.
Time in history is divided into two main periods.
Answer:

1. The span of 4.5 billion years, since the earth’s formation is a vast period of time.
2. It is not easy to grasp this entire period all at оnсе.
3. It is necessary to divide it into a number of stages in order to understand it better.
4. Therefore, Time in history is divided into two main periods, i.e. Pre-historic and Historic period.

Question 4.
The earth receives continuous light from the sun, but then too we see light only in day time and nights are dark.
Answer:

1. Due to the earth’s rotation around its own axis, only a part of the earth’s surface faces the sun.
2. It is only this part of the surface that becomes bright
3. The part that is not facing the sun remains dark.
4. Therefore we see light only in daytime even though the earth receives continuous light from the sun.

Question 5.
When we measure time, we actually measure its length.
Answer:

1. There are various methods of measuring time.
2. These methods allow us to identify a particular day, month or year with respect to an earlier or later day, month or year.
3. Thus, when we measure time, we actually measure its length.

Answer the following questions in brief :

Question 1.
How are days and nights formed?
Answer:

1. The earth receives light from the sun.
2. As the earth rotates around its axis, that part of the surface which turns towards the sun becomes bright i.e. day.
3. The part that moves away has darkness i.e. night thus days and nights are formed.

Question 2.
What is the unilinear division of time?
Answer:

1. Seven days from Monday to Sunday, make one week.
2. Two weeks make a fortnight.
3. Four weeks make a month.
4. Twelve months make a year.
5. One year is followed by another and, when 100 years go by, we have a century.
6. When 10 centuries, ie. 1000 years are gone, a millennium is completed.
7. Such a method of dividing time is known as a unilinear division of time.

Question 3.
Explain time before the common or Christian era.
Answer:

1. The period of time before the common era is known as the time before Common Era (BCE) or Before Christ (BC).
2. The years of this period are counted and written in reverse order.
3. The first century before the common era began at the year 100 BCE and ended with 1 BCE.
4. It is written as 100-1 BCE.

Question 4.
How do we measure the length of time?
Answer:

1. There are various methods of measuring time.
2. These methods allow us to identify a particular day, month, a year with respect to an earlier or later day, month or year.
3. For example, if it is June, then we know that the earlier month was May and the next one will be July.
4. If today is 10th of June, then we can tell that tomorrow will be 11th of June and yesterday was 9th of June.
5. Thus, when we measure time we actually measure its length.

Question 5.
How are dating techniques used?
Answer:

1. By using dating techniques we learn how old the layers of soil and the remains found in them are.
2. Then we can put approximate dates to their occurrence?
3. For example, if an earthen pot is estimated to be five thousand years old with the help of dating techniques, we can say that the earthen pot dates back roughly to 3000 BC
4. Then we can conclude that the period of the culture to which the pot belongs must be around 3000 BC.

Question 6.
What is meant by Prehistoric period?
Answer:

1. ‘Prehistory’ means ‘before history’.
2. The prehistoric period is the period for which no written records are available.
3. The history of this period has not been written down.

Question 7.
What is meant by Historic period?
Answer:

1. Unlike the Prehistoric period, we can trace the events and progress of the historic period.
2. The historic period is the period for which written records are available.
3. We can use these written records to write history.

Glossary :

1. commemorate : remember and show respect for.
2. estimate : roughly calculate or judge the value.
3. unilinear : developing in a steady way.
4. coronation : the ceremony of crowning the ruler.
5. reckoning : the action of calculating
6. widespread : spread among a large o number or over a large area
7. occurrence : an incident or an event

Read More:

GODREJCP Pivot Point Calculator

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 12 Food for All Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 EVS Solutions Part 1 Chapter 12 Food for All

5th Std EVS 1 Digest Chapter 12 Food for All Textbook Questions and Answers

1. What’s the solution?

Question 1.
The plant in the pot is not growing well.
Answer:
Pesticides must be sprayed and manure should be added to the soil, then the plant in the pot will grow.

2. Use your brainpower!

Question 1.
What is the purpose of storing foodgrain in our house?
Answer:
We store food in our house so that we have food to suffice when food is not available or there is a shortage, or during difficult times like floods, famine or earthquakes.

3. Find and correct the incorrect statements:

Question (a)
There is only one method of farming.
Answer:
Incorrect, lot of improvised methods are brought about through research.

Question (b)
India is an agricultural country.
Answer:
Correct.

Question (c)
Use of improved seeds does not lead to higher yields.
Answer:
Incorrect, use of improved seeds leads to higher yield.

4. Answer the following:

Question (a)
What are the advantages of using improved seeds?
Answer:
1. Nowadays, improved seeds are developed through research.
2. These seeds have a higher yield and can resist pest attacks.
3. Some varieties of these seeds become ripe for harvesting in a shorter period while some give a higher yield even with a low supply of water.

Question (b)
Which are the modem methods of irrigation? What are their advantages?
Answer:
1. Drip irrigation and sprinkle irrigation are the two modem methods of irrigation.
2. These methods ensure that the required amount of water drips only near the plants.
3. Thus, full use is made of the available water and there is no wastage.

Question (c)
Describe the ‘Drip irrigation’ method.
Answer:
1. The ‘Drip irrigation’ method makes use of pipes with holes.
2. This ensures that the required amount of water drips only near the plants.
3. This method makes full use of the water available without wasting it.

Question (d)
What are the reasons due to which growing crops are damaged?
Answer:
Diseases and pest attacks are the reasons due to which growing crops are damaged.

Question (e)
What is done to avoid the damage to crops?
Answer:
As a remedy, insecticides and pesticides are sprayed on crops or certain chemicals are rubbed on the seeds before sowing to avoid damage to crops.

Question (f)
What causes the fertility of the soil to diminish?
Answer:
1. Overwatering makes the land saline and fallow.
2. Overuse of chemical fertilisers leads to accumulation of excessive chemicals in the soil.
3. This reduces the fertility of the soil and reduces the productivity.

Question (g)
What changes has modern technology brought about in the methods of farming?
Answer:

1. Improve seeds having better yield.
2. Modem methods of irrigation.
3. Availability of fertilizers to improve productivity.
4. These modern technological methods have brought about tremendous improvement in the methods of farming.

Question (h)
What methods are used to preserve food- grains?
Answer:
1. To prevent damage by pests, chemicals are sprayed at the place of storage or all around it.
2. Neem leaves or some protective chemicals are mixed in the grain as their smell repels insects.
3. Storage places are kept dry and airy to prevent fungus formation.

Question (i)
How is water made available for farming?
Answer:
1. Huge quantities of water are stored by building dams and bunds on rivers to obstruct the flow of water downstream.
2. Improved methods of irrigation are used which provide enough water to the plants and at the same time, help to save a lot of water.

5. Match the following:

Question 1.
Match the following:

Answer:

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 12 Food for All Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks with the correct answers from the options given below:

Question 1.
We get food from ……………… .
(a) shops
(b) plants
(c) school
Answer:
(b) plants

Question 2.
To get food, we sow grains in fields and plant ……………….. trees in ochards.
(a) fruit
(b) jowar
(c) sweet potatoes
Answer:
(a) fruit

Question 3.
About …………………. of the land of our country is used for agriculture.
(a) 50%
(b) 60%
(c) 70%
Answer:
(b) 60%

Question 4.
The agricultural season from June to October is called the ……………… season.
(a) kharif
(b) rabi
(c) summer
Answer:
(a) kharif

Question 5.
The agricultural season from October to March is called the ………………….. season.
(a) kharif
(b) rabi
(c) summer
Answer:
(b) rabi

Question 6.
The crops grown from March to June are called ………………….. crops.
(a) winter
(b) monsoon
(c) summer
Answer:
(c) summer

Question 7.
Every farmer wishes to get a good ……………… .
(a) holiday
(b) harvest
(c) sleep
Answer:
(b) harvest

Question 8.
A good harvest provides the farmer a ……………. income.
(a) good
(b) bad
(c) ugly
Answer:
(a) good

Question 9.
The harvested crop must be ………………. safely.
(a) protected
(b) collected
(c) stored
Answer:
(c) stored

Question 10.
The population of our country is ………………. .
(a) increasing
(b) decreasing
(c) diminishing
Answer:
(a) increasing

Question 11.
In the traditional methods of agriculture ploughing was carried out with the help of
(a) oxen
(b) cow
(c) buffalo
Answer:
(a) oxen

Question 12.
A ‘mot’ driven with the help of …………………… was used to draw water from the well.
(a) cow
(b) dogs
(c) oxen
Answer:
(c) oxen

Question 13.
Farmers now carry out all their tasks with the help of ………………… .
(a) machines
(b) oxens
(c) bullocks
Answer:
(a) machines

Question 14.
Improved seeds are developed through ………………… .
(a) ploughing
(b) studying
(c) research
Answer:
(c) research

Question 15.
Improved seeds have a higher ………………. .
(a) yield
(b) field
(c) goals
Answer:
(a) yield

Question 16.
Crops grow well if they are ………………. at the right time.
(a) poltered
(b) tilled
(c) watered
Answer:
(c) watered

Question 17.
Dams and bunds help to raise the levels of …………….. .
(a) well water
(b) ground water
(c) rain water
Answer:
(b) ground water

Question 18.
Crops were traditionally watered through
(a) canals
(b) streams
(c) rivers
Answer:
(a) canals

Question 19.
Drip and sprinkle irrigation are …………………. methods of irrigation.
(a) urban
(b) rural
(c) modern
Answer:
(c) modern

Question 20.
If the same crops are grown frequently in a field, the ………………. of the soil decreases.
(a) fertility
(b) water
(c) manure
Answer:
(a) fertility

Question 21.
We have to add fertilizers to the soil to restore its ……………… .
(a) irrigation
(b) productivity
(c) yield
Answer:
(b) productivity

Question 22.
Fertilizers provide the required ………………. substance to the crop.
(a) productive
(b) nutritive
(c) chemical
Answer:
(b) nutritive

Question 23.
Natural fertilizers are called
(a) manures
(b) chemicals
(c) pesticides
Answer:
(a) manures

Question 24.
…………………. makes the land saline and fallow.
(a) Manure
(b) Pesticides
(c) Overwatering
Answer:
(c) Overwatering

Question 25.
Disease and pest attacks can ………………… crops in the field.
(a) damage
(b) restore
(c) revive
Answer:
(a) damage

Question 26.
The grain is dried well in the sun and filled in
(a) pots
(b) tanks
(c) sacks
Answer:
(c) sacks

Question 27.
Storage places are always kept dry and airy to prevent ………………… formation.
(a) colour
(b) fungus
(c) insect
Answer:
(b) fungus

Question 28.
All the time, plants are busy ………………… the food they need.
(a) producing
(b) mincing
(c) cooking
Answer:
(a) producing

Question 29.
Plants ……………….. food in their stems or roots.
(a) eat
(b) produce
(c) store
Answer:
(c) store

Question 30.
In India, due to the improved methods of cultivation, we now produce plenty of ………………….. .
(a) grass
(b) plants
(c) foodgrains
Answer:
(c) foodgrains

Question 31.
The surplus foodgrain is stored in huge ……………………. .
(a) godowns
(b) house
(c) warehouse
Answer:
(c) warehouse

Question 32.
Today our country is ………………… as far as production of foodgrains is concerned.
(a) self-reliant
(b) self-help
(c) self-study
Answer:
(a) self-reliant

Question 33.
………………… was responsible to bring about the Green Revolution in India.
(a) Dr. M. S. Swaminathan
(b) Tukdoji Maharaj
(c) Sant Gadgebaba
Answer:
(a) Dr. M. S. Swaminathan

Question 34.
In ……………. our country too enacted a food security law.
(a) 2013
(b) 2014
(c) 2015
Answer:
(a) 2013

Question 35.
Agricultural schools have also been started for
(а) scholars
(b) students
(c) farmers
Answer:
(c) farmers

Answer in one sentence:

Question 1.
What percent of land is used for agriculture in our country?
Answer:
About 60% of the land in our country is used for agriculture.

Question 2.
Name the two main agricultural seasons in our country.
Answer:
The Kharif and the Rabi seasons are the two main agricultural seasons.

Question 3.
What is Kharif season?
Answer:
The season from June to October when crops are watered mainly by rain, it is called Kharif season.

Question 4.
What is Rabi season?
Answer:
The season from October to March when the rain soaked soil, retreating monsoon and dew water the crops, it is Rabi season.

Question 5.
What are summer crops?
Answer:
Crops grown from March to June are called summer crops.

Question 6.
What is essential for a good harvest?
Answer:
Fertile land, good quality seeds and fertilizers and availability of water are essential for a good harvest.

Question 7.
How has it been possible to fulfill the needs of all the people?
Answer:
Though the population of the country is increasing, the needs of the people are fulfilled because of the modern improved methods of agriculture.

Question 8.
How did the oxen help the fanner, in the traditional methods of agriculture?
Answer:
In the traditional method of agriculture, ploughing, tilling, harvesting, threshing as well as drawing water from the well was all done with the help of an oxen.

Question 9.
What helps farmers to do all their work?
Answer:
The farmer carries out all his tasks with the help of machines.

Question 10.
Traditionally how were crops watered?
Answer:
Crops were traditionally watered through canals.

Question 11.
Which are the modem methods of irrigation?
Answer:
Drip irrigation and sprinkle irrigation are the two modem methods of irrigation.

Question 12.
What is sprinkle irrigation?
Answer:
Sprinkle irrigation makes use of sprinklers of different sizes that spray water directly on plants.

Question 13.
What happens when the same crops are grown frequently in a field?
Answer:
If the same crops are grown frequently in a field, the fertility of the soil decreases.

Question 14.
What do fertilizers do to the soil?
Answer:
Fertilizers provide the required nutritive substances to the crop and restores its productivity.

Question 15.
Which are the two types of fertilizers?
Answer:
Natural and chemical are the two types of fertilizers.

Question 16.
How is manure obtained?
Answer:
Manure is obtained from materials available in nature like green waste and animal dung.

Question 17.
How are chemical fertilizers made?
Answer:
Chemical or artificial fertilizers are mixtures of different chemical substances in specific proportions, useful for agriculture.

Question 18.
What happens to soil when it is over-watered?
Answer:
Overwatering makes the land saline and fallow.

Question 19.
Where do plants store their food?
Answer:
Plants store their food in their stems or roots.

Question 20.
What is done to the surplus foodgrain, in India?
Answer:
In India, the surplus foodgrain is stored in huge warehouses.

Question 21.
Who gets credit for the research that led to ‘Green Revolution’?
Answer:
Dr. M. S. Swaminathan gets credit for the research that led to ‘Green Revolution’.

Question 22.
What is ‘Green Revolution’?
Answer:
Improved quality of seeds of wheat and rice that led to tremendous increase in the production of these foodgrains is called ‘Green Revolution’.

Question 23.
What are ‘Food Security laws’?
Answer:
Laws to ensure that every person gets sufficient food according to his need are ‘Food Security laws’.

Question 24.
What is Organic farming?
Answer:
Farming that relies on natural materials is called organic farming.

What are the benefits of ‘Organic farming’?

Question 1.
What are the benefits of ‘Organic farming’?
Answer:
1. In ‘Organic farming’, the nutritive substances in the soil are retained.
2. The organic pesticides used in this method have no harmful effects on those who eat the produce.
3. The grain grown by this method is nutritious and also good to taste. That is why farmers have begun to opt for organic farming methods.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 11 Our Home and Environment Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 EVS Solutions Part 1 Chapter 11 Our Home and Environment

5th Std EVS 1 Digest Chapter 11 Our Home and Environment Textbook Questions and Answers

Use your brain power?

Question 1.
For what purpose do birds use their nest.
Answer:
Birds use their nest to lay their eggs and bring up their young ones.

what’s the solution?

Question 1.
What can we do to build houses without harming the environment?
Answer:
To build houses without harming the environment we can build permanent eco-friendly houses where we have good ventilation and use non exhaustible sources of energy.

1. Which of the following houses would be suitable in a mountainous region.

Question 1(a).
Which of the following houses would be suitable in a mountainous region. Put a ✓ in the appropriate box. Give reasons for selecting that house.
Answer:

This house is made of natural material available in the mountainous region, that is stone, it is strong to withstand mountainous winds.

Question 1(b).
What materials will you mainly use for building a multi-storeyed house?
(a) Mortar / Coal / Cement / Bricks
(b) Cement / Bricks / Cotton / Iron
(c) Iron / Cement / Mortar / Bricks
Answer:
Iron / Cement / Mortar / Bricks

2. Arrange the following considerations from the most to least important factor in house building:

Question 1.
Arrange the following considerations from the most to least important factor in house building:
(a) Luxury
(b) Structure
(c) Climate
Answer:
(a) Climate
(b) Structure
(c) Luxury

3. Write the following:

Question (a)
List the eco-friendly things in your house.
Answer:
Things made of mud like a earthen water pot. (Personal response)

Question (b)
Which of the gadgets in the house can be run on solar energy?
Answer:
Solar calculator, solar cooker. Add more to the list.

4. What are the types of pollution that can be observed at a construction site?

Question 1.
What are the types of pollution that can be observed at a construction site?
Answer:
The types of pollution that are seen at a construction site are air, water, soil and noise.

Make friends with maps!

Question 1.
Observe the map and the pictures and complete the following chart.

Answer:

Try this.

Question 1.
Complete the table given below regarding the original source.

Answer:

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 11 Our Home and Environment Additional Important Questions and Answers

1. Fill in the blanks with the correct answers from the options given below:

Question 1.
A section of our society becomes homeless this is a ………………. problem.
(a) political
(b) social
(c) economic
Answer:
(b) social

Question 2.
Houses are built in large numbers due to increasing …………………. .
(a) population
(b) natural resources
(c) land
Answer:
(a) population

Question 3.
Glass is made from ……………… .
(a) soil
(b) limestone
(c) sand
Answer:
(c) sand

Question 4.
The city of Mumbai comprises of ………………….. islands.
(a) 6
(b) 7
(c) 8
Answer:
(b) 7

Question 5.
Land obtained by filling water bodies is called ………………….. .
(a) coastal lands
(b) reclaimed land
(c) marshy lands
Answer:
(b) reclaimed land

Question 6.
People build houses to suit the ………………… of their region.
(a) climate
(b) population
(c) situation
Answer:
(a) climate

Question 7.
Water, food, clothing and shelter are the basic …………………. of every human being.
(a) height
(b) weight
(c) needs
Answer:
(c) needs

Question 8.
The ……………….. of the world is increasing all the time.
(a) time
(b) population
(c) water
Answer:
(b) population

Question 9.
Shortage of …………………. land, leads to forest land being used for agriculture.
(a) agricultural
(b) geographical
(c) water
Answer:
(a) agricultural

Question 10.
Trees are …………………. in great numbers and forests are reduced.
(a) watered
(b) fellect
(c) grown
Answer:
(b) fellect

Question 11.
……………… is needed to produce construction material.
(a) Energy
(b) Humans
(c) Forest
Answer:
(a) Energy

Question 12.
Energy is produced using natural …………………. like coal, natural gas or mineral oil.
(a) trees
(b) fuels
(c) minerals
Answer:
(b) fuels

Question 13.
Burning of natural fuels leads to ……………… pollution.
(a) air
(b) water
(c) land
Answer:
(a) air

Question 14.
……………….. or ……………… energy are non-exhaustible sources of energy.
(a) air
(b) wind
(c) solar
Answer:
(b) wind & (c) solar

Name the following:

Question 1.
Government provides shelter for homeless in cities.
Answer:
Night shelters

Question 2.
Source from which cement is made.
Answer:
Limestone

Question 3.
Natural fuels
Answer:
Coal, natural gas, mineral oil.

Question 4.
Pollution caused by burning fuel.
Answer:
Air

Question 5.
Non exhaustible sources of energy.
Answer:
Solar energy, Wind energy and Biogas.

Question 6.
Two continents having water tourism
Answer:
Europe and North America.

Question 3.
Complete the co-relation:
Answer:
1. Mountainous region: Sloping roof:: Plain: Flat roof.
2. Cement: Limestone :: Bricks : Soil.
3. Coal: Exhaustible energy:: Solar energy: Non exhaustible energy.

Answer in one sentence:

Question 1.
What are the different things from which a house gives us protection?
Answer:
A house protects us from sun, wind, cold, rain and wild animals.

Question 2.
Where do homeless people live?
Answer:
Homeless people seek shelter at the roadside, on footpaths, under bridges, in tumble down buildings, in railway or bus stations and open grounds.

Question 3.
What is water tourism?
Answer:
In the coastal region, where under water shelters are built for tourist to view the sea bed and marine life is called water tourism.

Question 4.
Why are many people forced to be ‘homeless’?
Answer:
Many people are forced to be ‘homeless’ because they have insufficient or no means of livelihood.

Question 5.
What are the basic needs of every human being?
Answer:
Water, food, clothing and shelter are the basic needs of every human being.

Question 6.
Why are houses being built in large numbers?
Answer:
The population of the world is increasing all the time. That is why, houses are being built in large numbers.

Question 7.
What are the ill-effects of urbanization on land?
Answer:
Due to growing urbanization, land which was used for agriculture is now being used to build roads or to raise settlements. This leads to shortage of agricultural land.

Question 8.
Why are trees felled?
Answer:
Shortage of agricultural land leads man to cut down forests and use the land for agriculture.

Question 9.
From where do we get energy?
Answer:
We get energy by using natural fuels like coal, natural gas or mineral oil.

Question 10.
What ill-effects do we face when we use natural fuels?
Answer:
Using natural fuels not only leads to its exhaustion but also to air pollution.

Question 11.
Which are non-exhaustible sources of energy?
Answer:
Solar energy and wind energy are non- exhaustible sources of energy.

Give reasons:

Question 1.
Differences occur in the construction of houses according to the regions.
Answer:
There are differences in the construction of houses according to the region because :
1. People build houses to suit the climate of the region.
2. Using the natural resources that are available.

Question 2.
Many people are forced to be ‘homeless’.
Answer:
Many people are forced to be homeless because they have insufficient or no means of livelihood.

Question 3.
Houses are being built in large numbers.
Answer:
Houses are being built in large numbers because the population of the world is increasing all the time.

Question 4.
Forested land is reducing.
Answer:

1. Growing urbanization uses agricultural land to build roads and to raise settlements.
2. This leads to shortage of agricultural land.
3. So trees are felled in a great number to make use for agricultural purpose.
4. Therefore, forested land is reducing.

Question 5.
It is necessary to use non-exhaustible sources of energy.
Answer:

1. Natural fuels like coal, natural gas or mineral oil can be used only once.
2. They get consumed when we use them.
3. They also cause air pollution.
4. It takes lakhs of years for these resources to be formed in nature.
5. Therefore it is necessary to use non exhaustible sources of energy.

Answer briefly:

Question 1.
How are natural resources obtained to build a house?
Answer:
Natural resources are obtained to build a house are as follows:

1. Digging up hills for quarryingf.
2. Extracting sand from seashores and riverbeds.
3. Extracting stone and earth from the ground.
4. Drawing out excessive amount of ground water.
5. Felling trees to clear land.
6. Filling up ponds, lakes, streams, rivers, creeks and low lying areas to reclaimed land.

Question 2.
Why do people become homeless?
Answer:
People become homeless because

1. Lack of affordable housing.
2. Poverty and unemployment.
3. Inadequate’ income.
4. Natural disasters.
5. Physical and mental disorders.

Question 3.
What are the main uses of a house?
Answer:
The main uses of a house are as follows:

1. A shelter.
2. A resting place.
3. Protection against the sun, wind, cold and rains.
4. Protection from wild animals and from anti-social elements.

Question 4.
What is the government doing towards the ‘homeless’?
Answer:
1. A section of society being ‘homeless’ is a social problem.
2. That is why the government implements many schemes to provide homes to the homeless.
In some of the cities, the government makes ‘night shelters’ available to the homeless.

Write short notes on:

Question 1.
Characteristics of eco-friendly houses
Answer:
The characteristics of eco-friendly houses are as follows:

1. Minimum consumption of natural resources.
2. Use of non exhaustible sources of energy such as biogas, wind energy and solar energy.
3. Recycling of water.
4. Recycling of garbage.
5. Avoiding artificial materials and artificial colours.
6. Provision for natural light and ventilation in the house.

Question 2.
Uses of a house
Answer:
Uses of a house are as follows:
1. A shelter.
2. A resting place.
3. Protection against the sun, the wind, the cold and the rains.
4. Protection from wild animals.
5. Keeping ourselves safe from anti-sodal elements.

What’s the solution?

Question 1.
Construction work is going on opposite Ajit’s house. That means constant loud noise and a lot of dust in the air. Ajit and his family have to suffer this all the time. What can Ajit do to find a way out of this problem?
Answer:
Ajit and his family will have to keep their windows closed to avoid the dust and noise. They should use ear plugs when the noise is intense.

Glossary:

1. forested – covered with forests
2. urbanization – population shift from rural to urban areas
3. reclaimed – recovered.
4. shortage – a state in which something cannot be obtained in sufficient amount
5. felled – cut down.
6. luxury – state of great comfort.
7. quarrying – cut into and obtain stone
8. inadequate – lacking the quantity required
9. consumption – action of using up a resource
10. artificial – made by human beings, not natural.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Hindi Solutions Sulabhbharati Chapter 2 बूँदें Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Hindi Sulabhbharati Solutions Chapter 2 बूँदें

5th Standard Hindi Digest Chapter 2 बूँदें Textbook Questions and Answers

1. कविता में आए हुए लयात्मक शब्दों को ढूँढ़कर सुनाओ।

प्रश्न 1.
कविता में आए हुए लयात्मक शब्दों को ढूँढ़कर सुनाओ।

2. बूंदें क्या-क्या करती हैं, बताओ ।

प्रश्न 1.
बूंदें क्या-क्या करती हैं, बताओ ।

पूरी कविता उचित हाव-भाव, लय, गति, अभिनय के साथ बार-बार सुनाएँ । दो-दो पंक्तियाँ सुनाकर विद्यार्थियों से दोहरवाएँ । कविता का सामूहिक, गुट, एकल रूप में पाठ करवाएँ । कविता प्रश्नोत्तर वारा समझाएँ । परिचित कविता उनसे कहलवाएँ ।

प्रश्न 1.
सुनो और दोहराओ:

Hindi Sulabhbharati Class 5 Solutions Chapter 2 बूँदें Additional Important Questions and Answers

निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए:

प्रश्न 1.
आपका पसंदीदा मौसम कौन-सा है?
उत्तर:
मेरा पसंदीदा मौसम बारिश है।

प्रश्न 2.
बारिश की आवाज़ कैसी होती है?
उत्तर:
बारिश की आवाज़ रिमझिम – रिमझिम होती है।

प्रश्न 3.
बूंदें किसमें मिल जाती हैं?
उत्तर:
बूंदें नालों, नदियों, सागर में मिल जाती हैं।

प्रश्न 4.
वर्षा में भीगने से बचने के लिए हम किन चीज़ों का प्रयोग करते हैं?
उत्तर:
वर्षा में भीगने से बचने के लिए हम छाता या रेनकोट का प्रयोग करते हैं।

प्रश्न 5.
बादल कब गरजते हैं?
उत्तर:
वर्षा के समय बादल गरजते हैं।

प्रश्न 6.
वर्षा कौन-से महीने में आती है?
उत्तर:
वर्षा जून के महीने में आती है।

निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के एक शब्द में उत्तर लिखिए:

प्रश्न 1.
बूंदें कैसे गाती हैं?
उत्तर:
रिमझिम।

प्रश्न 2.
खेतों, बागों और मैदानों में हरियाली कौन फैलाता है?
उत्तर:
बूंदें।

प्रश्न 3.
गरमी से तपते लोगों को बूंदें क्या पहुँचाती हैं?
उत्तर:
शीतलता।

नीचे दिए गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर एक वाक्य में पूर्ण लिखिए:

प्रश्न 1.
बूंदें धरती पर कैसे आती हैं ?
उत्तर:
बूंदें धरती पर रिमझिम-रिमझिम गाती हुई आती हैं।

प्रश्न 2.
बूंदें कहाँ से आकर सागर में मिल जाती हैं?
उत्तर:
बूंदें धरती के नालों, नदियों से होती हुई आकर सागर में मिल जाती हैं।

प्रश्न 3.
बूंदें किनका मन हरषाती हैं?
उत्तर:
बूंदें मेंढक, मोर, पपीहा और कोयल इन सभी के मन को हरषाती हैं।

प्रश्न 4.
पुरवाई के रथ पर चढ़कर बूंदें क्या करती हैं?
उत्तर:
पुरवाई के रथ पर चढ़कर बूंदें इठलाती और मुसकाती हैं।

प्रश्न 5.
‘बूंदें’ कविता में आनेवाले पक्षियों के नाम लिखिए।
उत्तर:
‘बूंदें’ कविता में आनेवाले पक्षी मोर, पपीहा और कोयल हैं।

4. कविता में आए हुए लयात्मक शब्दों को ढूँढ़कर लिखिए:
उदा. आती – गाती

प्रश्न 1.
1. इठलाती
2. फैलाती
उत्तर:
1. हरषाती
2. मुसकाती

प्रश्न 5.
बूंदें क्या-क्या करती हैं?
उत्तर:
बूंदें खेतों, बागों, मैदानों में हरियाली फैलाती हैं। गरमी से तपते लोगों को शीतलता पहुँचाती हैं। पशु-पक्षियों के साथ-साथ मनुष्य के मन को भी आनंद से भर देती हैं।

प्रश्न 6.
कोष्टक में से उचित शब्द चुनकर रिक्त स्थानों की पूर्ति कीजिए:
(नदियों, सागर, बागों, मैदानों, हरियेली, बूंदे, धरती)

1. रिमझिम – रिमझिम गाती ……………………
…………………………. पर हैं आती बँदें।
2. खेतों. ………………………., ……………………….. में,
……………… फैलाती बूंदें।
3. धरती से नालों, ……………… में,
…………………… से मिल जाती बूंदें।
उत्तर:
1. बूंदें, धरती
2. बागों, मैदानों, हरियाली
3. नदियों, सागर

प्रश्न 7.
निम्नलिखित प्राणियों की बोलियाँ लिखिए:

1. मेंढक
2. मोर
3. कोयल
4. पपीहा
5. चिड़िया
6. कौआ

उत्तर:

1. टर्र-टर्र
2. क्वें-क्वें
3. कुहू-कुहू
4. पीहू-पीहू
5. ची-चीं
6. काँव-काँव

प्रश्न 8.
उचित जोड़ियाँ मिलाइए:

उत्तर:

1. लोगों को
2. बूंदें
3. पपीहे, कोयल
4. हरषाती बूंदें
5. रथ पर चढ़कर
6. मुसकाती बूंदें

व्याकरण:

प्रश्न 1.
निम्नलिखित शब्दों के बहुवचन – रूप लिखिए:

1. बूंद
2. नाला
3. पपीहा
4. कोयल
5. छाता
6. बच्चा
7. नदी
8. धरती
9. रथ
10. चिड़िया
11. घोड़ा
12. पत्ता
13. डाली
14. लड़की

उत्तर:

1. बूंदें
2. नाले
3. पपीहे
4. कोयल
5. छाते
6. बच्चे
7. नदियाँ
8. धरती
9. रथ
10. चिड़ियाँ
11. घोड़े
12. पत्ते
13. डालियाँ
14. लड़कियाँ

प्रश्न 2.
समानार्थी शब्द लिखिए:

1. धरती
2. बाग
3. नदी
4. सागर
5. शीतल
6. पपीहा
7. तपते
8. मुसकाना

उत्तर:

1. जमीन
2. बगीचा
3. सरिता
4. समुद्र
5. ठंडा
6. चातक
7. गरमाते
8. हँसना

प्रश्न 3.
लिंग बदलिए:

1. मोर
2. मेंढक
3. घोड़ा
4. लड़की

उत्तर:

1. मोरनी
2. मेंढकी
3. घोड़ी
4. लड़का

प्रश्न 4.
विपरीत अर्थ के शब्द लिखिए:

1. धरती
2. आती
3. गरमी
4. शीतलता
5. मिलना
6. हर्ष
7. बाढ़

उत्तरः

1. आकाश
2. जाती
3. ठंडी
4. उष्णता
5. बिछड़ना
6. शोक
7. सूखा

प्रश्न 5.
बिन्दु’या चंद्र बिंदु’लगाकर शब्द लिखिए:

1. बूद
2. खेतो
3. बागो
4. मैदानो
5. नालो
6. मेढक
7. चाद
8. पाच
9. चोच

उत्तर:

1. बूंद
2. खेतों
3. बागों
4. मैदानों
5. नालों
6. मेंढक
7. चाँद
8. पाँच
9. चोंच

बूँदें Summary in Hindi

कविता का सारांशः

बारिश की बूंदों के साथ वातावरण में परिवर्तन होता है। बारिश की बूंदें चारों तरफ हरियाली फैलाती हैं। गरमी से परेशान लोगों को शीतलता देती हैं। पशु-पक्षियों को भी आनंदित करती हैं। पुरवाई के रथ पर चढ़कर ये बूंदें इठलाती और मुसकाती हुई आती हैं। बारिश की ये बूंदें नालों-नदियों से होती हुई सागर में मिलती हैं।

शब्दार्थ:

1. बूंदें – वर्षा की बूंदें (raindrops)
2. धरती – ज़मीन (land)
3. खेत – कृषि – भूमि (field)
4. बाग – बगीचा (garden)
5. शीतल – ठंडा (cool)
6. पपीहा – एक पक्षी (cuckoo)
7. हरषाना – खुश करना (to make happy)
8. पुरवाई – पूरब से आनेवाली हवा (eastern breeze)
9. इठलाना – इतराना
10. मुसकाना – हँसना (smile)
11. रिमझिम – बूंदों की आवाज़
12. नाला – पानी निकलने का छोटा रास्ता
13. नदी – सरिता (river)
14. सागर – समुद्र (sea)
15. तपना – अधिक गरमी लगना

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 3 The Earth and its Living World Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 EVS Solutions Part 1 Chapter 3 The Earth and its Living World

5th Std EVS 1 Digest Chapter 3 The Earth and its Living World Textbook Questions and Answers

1. What is the solution?

Question 1.
Dark patches appear on the skin after exposure to the sun.
Answer:
Dark patches due to sun’s rays are called sunspots which can be taken care in a natural way by applying slices of fresh lemon on it for 10-15 minutes or by applying aloe vera gel twice a day.

2. Use your brainpower!

Question (a)
Why are microorganisms important?
Answer:
Microorganisms live in the soil and do the work of decomposing the dead plants and animals. If there were no microorganisms then the dead plants and animals would not get decomposed, they would have got accumulated and the soil would not become fertile.

Question (b)
Think about all the foodstuffs obtained from the sea. Find more information and write ten lines about them.
Answer:
Question Personal response.

3. Answer the following in one sentence:

Question (a)
What are clouds made of?
Answer:
Clouds are made up of very fine droplets of water which are small and light.

Question (b)
What is meant by biosphere?
Answer:
Living things occupy parts of the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere. Living things and all the parts they occupy are together called the biosphere.

Question (c)
Make a list of the land forms you see in your surroundings and give a description of any two of them.
Answer:
(Personal response) Landforms e.g. mountain, hill, hillock, valley, plains, plateaus, river etc. (Students are supposed to write their own answers)

4. In the following sentences, underline the words that refer to landforms.

Question 1.
In the following sentences, underline the words that refer to landforms.
Answer:
(a) Anil lives at the foot of a hill.
(b) Ria lives in the plateau region.

5. Write a note about the following:

Question (a)
Evaporation:
Answer:
Due to the heat of the sun, the water from the earth’s surface goes into vapour state forming fine droplets of water which are small and light. This process is called evaporation.

Question (b)
Condensation:
Answer:
The process when vapour turns into water on cooling to form drops of water it is called as condensation.

Question (c)
The water cycle:
Answer:

1. Evaporation of water from the earth due to the heat of the sun, forms water vapour.
2. This vapour is light and moves up in the atmosphere and forms clouds.
3. When these droplets join together and form bigger drops they become heavy and falls down on the earth in the form of rain.
4. This process of evaporation, condensation and rainfall go on in a continuous cycle.
5. This is known as nature’s water cycle.

6. Give two examples of each:

Question (a)
Weather-related events
Answer:
Clouds, rain

Question (b)
Sources of water
Answer:
River, lake

7. Draw a labelled diagram showing the:

Question 1.
Water cycle
Answer:

Question 2.
The earth’s atmosphere
Answer:

Question 3.
The spheres of the earth
Answer:

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 3 The Earth and its Living World Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks with the correct answers from the options given below:

Question 1.
The earth’s crust is mainly made up of …………….. .
(a) soil
(b) rock
(c) animals
Answer:
(b) rock

Question 2.
The earth’s crust and a small hard portion of the layer under it is called the ………………. .
(a) hydrosphere
(b) atmosphere
(c) lithosphere
Answer:
(c) lithosphere

Question 3.
About ……………….. of the earth’s surface is covered by land while about ………………… is covered with water.
(a) one third
(b) one fourth, two third
(c) three fourth
Answer:
(b) one fourth, two third

Question 4.
The envelope of air around the earth is called the ……………… .
(a) lithosphere
(b) atmosphere
(c) biosphere
Answer:
(b) atmosphere

Question 5.
There are huge blocks of ice floating in the sea called ……………….. .
(a) glacier
(b) blockice
(c) iceberg
Answer:
(c) iceberg

Question 6.
The earth is surrounded by the …………………. .
(a) atmosphere
(b) lithosphere
(c) hydrosphere
Answer:
(a) atmosphere

Question 7.
There are ………………. things on land, air and water.
(a) non-living
(b) living
(c) rocks
Answer:
(b) living

Question 8.
The ……………….. is the cause of many natural processes on the earth.
(a) moon
(b) planets
(c) sun
Answer:
(c) sun

Question 9.
The ……………… spreads in all the other three spheres.
(a) biosphere
(b) atmosphere
(c) lithosphere
Answer:
(a) biosphere

Question 10.
The earth’s crust is ………………….. .
(a) soft
(b) marshy
(c) hard
Answer:
(c) hard

Question 11.
A vast continuous stretch of land is called a ………………… .
(a) sea
(b) ocean
(c) continent
Answer:
(c) continent

Question 12.
The land on earth is divided into ………………… continents.
(a) one
(b) two
(c) seven
Answer:
(c) seven

Question 13.
………………….. is the largest continent.
(a) Africa
(b) Asia
(c) Australia
Answer:
(b) Asia

Question 14.
…………….. is the smallest continent.
(a) Africa
(b) Asia
(c) Australia
Answer:
(c) Australia

Question 15.
Ocean water is …………………. .
(a) salty
(b) sweet
(c) bitter
Answer:
(a) salty

Question 16.
There are ……………….. oceans.
(a) one
(b) five
(c) seven
Answer:
(b) five

Question 17.
The land along the margins of an ocean is called the ……………….. region.
(a) coastal
(b) rainy
(c) mountainous
Answer:
(a) coastal

Question 18.
Stream water is ……………….. and not salty.
(a) bitter
(b) fresh
(c) salty
Answer:
(b) fresh

Question 19.
……………….. are smallest forms of water streams.
(a) Rills
(b) Brooks
(c) Rivers
Answer:
(a) Rills

Question 20.
……………… are biggest forms of water streams.
(a) Rills
(b) Brooks
(c) Rivers
Answer:
(c) Rivers

Question 21.
A river cascades down a sudden drop to form a ……………….. .
(a) lake
(b) waterfall
(c) glacier
Answer:
(b) waterfall

Question 22.
All rivers eventually flow into the …………………. .
(a) lake
(b) waterfall
(c) ocean
Answer:
(c) ocean

Question 23.
A water body formed by water collecting naturally in a low-lying area of land is called a …………… .
(a) ocean
(b) lake
(c) river
Answer:
(b) lake

Question 24.
Many lakes and wells get water from underground …………………. .
(a) lakes
(b) springs
(c) mines
Answer:
(b) springs

Question 25.
As we go higher from the earth’s surface, the air in the atmosphere becomes ………………. .
(a) rarer
(b) thicker
(c) solid
Answer:
(a) rarer

Question 26.
The atmosphere consists of a mixture of ……………….. .
(a) liquid
(b) solid
(c) gases
Answer:
(c) gases

Question 27.
As we go higher in the troposphere, it becomes ……………….. .
(a) hotter
(b) humid
(c) cooler
Answer:
(c) cooler

Question 28.
Almost all the water vapour in the atmosphere is contained in the ………………. .
(a) troposphere
(b) stratosphere
(c) mesosphere
Answer:
(a) troposphere

Question 29.
In the lower part of the stratosphere, there is a layer of a gas called ……………….. .
(a) oxygen
(b) ozone
(c) nitrogen
Answer:
(b) ozone

Question 30.
…………………….. rays coming from the sun are harmful for living things.
(a) Ultraviolet
(b) Infrared
(c) Electric bulb
Answer:
(a) Ultraviolet

Question 31.
Water on the earth ……………………….. continuously due to the heat of the sun.
(a) condenses
(b) evaporates
(c) melts
Answer:
(b) evaporates

Question 32.
Water vapour is ………………. than air, it rises up into the atmosphere.
(a) lighter
(b) heavier
(c) bigger
Answer:
(a) lighter

Question 33.
The polar bear is seen only in the …………………. polar regions.
(a) rain bound
(b) windblown
(c) snowbound
Answer:
(c) snowbound

Question 34.
Zebras are found in ………………….. .
(a) Africa
(b) India
(c) Australia
Answer:
(a) Africa

Question 35.
Kangaroos are found only in …………………… .
(a) Africa
(b) India
(c) Australia
Answer:
(c) Australia

Question 36.
This ………………… world constitutes the biosphere.
(a) living
(b) non-living
(c) material
Answer:
(a) living

Give two examples of each:

Question 1.
Continents
Answer:
Asia, Africa

Question 2.
Oceans
Answer:
The Atlantic, Pacific Ocean

Question 3.
Part of the ocean
Answer:
Sea, Gulf

Question 4.
Animals found in regions of hot climates
Answer:
Elephant, Lions

Question 5.
Answer in one word:
Answer:

1. The cause of many natural processes on the earth.
2. Largest Continent
3. Smallest Continent
4. Uneven land in different places.
5. Smallest streams
6. Biggest Streams
7. Place where river cascades
8. Layer of gas in the stratosphere.
9. Animals found only in Australia.

Answer:

1. Sun
2. Asia
3. Australia
4. Landforms
5. Rills
6. Rivers
7. Waterfall
8. Ozone
9. Kangaroos

Question 4.
In the following sentences, underline the words that refer to landforms.
Answer:

1. Ganga is India’s longest river.
2. Esselworld is situated near the sea shore.
3. Andaman and Nicobar are beautiful islands.
4. Agriculture is the main occupation in the plains.

Answer the following in one sentence:

Question 1.
What is a coastal region?
Answer:
The land along the margins of an ocean is called a coastal region.

Question 2.
What is a lake?
Answer:
A water body formed by water collecting naturally in a low lying area of land is called a lake.

Question 3.
What is meant by hydrosphere?
Answer:
The water or ice that occupies the earth’s surface, groundwater and the water vapour in the atmosphere together form the earth’s hydrosphere.

Question 4.
Name the layers of the atmosphere.
Answer:
The layers of the atmosphere are troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, ionosphere and exosphere.

Question 5.
What is the atmosphere made up of?
Answer:
The atmosphere mainly consists of a mixture of gases, namely nitrogen, oxygen, water vapour and carbon dioxide.

Question 6.
Which three spheres envelope the earth?
Answer:
The hydrosphere, lithosphere and atmosphere envelope the earth.

Question 7.
Which sphere is present in all the three spheres?
Answer:
The biosphere spreads in all the three spheres.

Question 8.
What portion of the earth is land?
Answer:
About a third of the surface of the earth consists of land.

Question 9.
What is a continent?
Answer:
A vast continuous stretch of land is called a continent.

Question 10.
Into how many continents is the land on earth divided?
Answer:
Land on earth is divided into seven continents.

Question 11.
Name the seven continents of the earth?
Answer:
The seven continents are Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica and Australia.

Question 12.
Which is the largest and the smallest continent?
Answer:
Asia is the largest continent and Australia is the smallest continent.

Question 13.
Name the five oceans of the earth.
Answer:
The five oceans are the Atlantic, Pacific, Artie, the Southern Ocean and the Indian Ocean.

Question 14.
Name some water bodies that form along the coastal region.
Answer:
Sea, bay, gulf, strait7, creek8 etc. are some water bodies formed along the coastal region.

Question 15.
How are rivers formed?
Answer:
Rills, brooks9, streams join each other to form rivers.

Question 16.
What is a waterfall?
Answer:
In some places, a river cascades down a sudden drop. This forms a waterfall.

Question 17.
Where do rivers end?
Answer:
All rivers eventually flow into the ocean.

Question 18.
What is snow?
Answer:
Water particles in the cloud freeze and in the cold regions, they come down in the form of snow.

Question 19.
What are icebergs?
Answer:
Huge blocks or mass of ice floating in the sea are called icebergs.

Question 20.
What is ground water?
Answer:
There is a lot of water stored in the underground layers of rock. This water is called ground water.

Question 21.
What is hydrosphere?
Answer:
The water or ice that occupies the earth’s surface, ground water and the water vapour in the atmosphere together form the earth’s hydrosphere.

Question 22.
What is atmosphere?
Answer:
The envelope of air around the earth is called the atmosphere.

Question 23.
Which layer of the atmosphere is closest to the surface of the earth?
Answer:
The troposphere is closest to the surface of the earth.

Question 24.
What happens to the air as we go higher in the troposphere?
Answer:
As we go higher in the troposphere the air becomes rarer and cooler.

Question 25.
What is the ozone layer?
Answer:
In the lower part of the stratosphere, there is a layer of a gas called ozone.

Question 26.
How is ozone layer useful for the living things on earth?
Answer:
Ultraviolet rays coming from the sun are harmful for living things, but the ozone layer absorbs them and protects the living world from those rays.

Question 27.
In which region are elephants and lions found?
Answer:
Elephants and lions are found in regions of hot climate.

Question 28.
Where are kangaroos found?
Answer:
Kangaroos are found only in Australia.

Question 29.
Where are polar bears found?
Answer:
Polar bears are seen only in the snowbound polar regions.

Give geographical reasons:

Question 1.
As we go higher in the troposphere it becomes cooler.
Answer:
1. The surface of the earth gets heated due to the heat of the sun.
2. So, the air near the surface is the hottest.
3. Therefore as we go higher in the troposphere it becomes cooler.

Question 2.
All weather-related phenomena take place in the troposphere.
Answer:
1. Almost all water vapour in the atmosphere is present in the troposphere.
2. Therefore, all weather related phenomena take place in the troposphere.

Question 3.
Mountaineers carry oxygen in cylinders when they climb mountains that are more than 5000 m high.
Answer:
1. As we go higher from the surface of the earth, the air in the atmosphere becomes rarer.
2. Therefore, mountaineers carry oxygen in cylinders when they climb mountains that are more than 5000 m high to get sufficient supply of oxygen.

Answer briefly:

Question 1.
What is a glacier?
Answer:

1. In cold regions, when layers of snow pile up on the ground, they form ice.
2. When such layers of ice pileup in a low lying area, they become enormous in size.
3. This huge mass slips down a slope at a very slow speed.
4. This is called a glacier.

Question 2.
What is groundwater? How can we obtain it?
Answer:

1. There is a lot of water stored in the underground layers of rock.
2. It is called groundwater.
3. We can obtain it by means of dug wells and bore wells.
4. Many lakes and wells get water from underground springs.

Question 3.
Explain ‘troposphere’.
Answer:

1. The layer of air that extends from the earth’s surface to a height of about 13 km is called the troposphere.
2. The conditions in the troposphere change continuously. As this layer touches the surface of the earth, the living world gets greatly affected.
3. As we go higher in the troposphere, the air gets cooler and rarer.
4. Almost all the water vapour in the atmosphere is contained in the troposphere. That is why, all weather-related phenomena such as formation of clouds, rain, fog, winds and storms takes place in troposphere.

Question 4.
How do we get rain?
Answer:

1. As the water vapour is lighter than air, it rises high up into the atmosphere.
2. As it goes higher, it cools and condenses into fine droplets of water.
3. These droplets are so small and light that they float in the atmosphere forming clouds.
4. These small droplets join together and form bigger drops that are heavy.
5. These heavy drops of water cannot float, so they fall down on the earth in the form of ‘rain’.

Write a note about the following:

Question 4.
Stratosphere:
Answer:

1. Beyond the troposphere, up to a height of about 50 km from the earth is the layer called the stratosphere.
2. In the lower part of the stratosphere, there is a layer of gas called ozone.
3. Ultraviolet rays coming from the sun are harmful for living things.
4. But the ozone layer absorbs them and protects the living world from those rays.

Use your brain power!

Question 1.
In which layer of the atmosphere do we see the rainbow?
Answer:
We see the rainbow in the troposphere.

Can you tell?

Question 1.
Where do you get water from?
Answer:
Rain

Question 2.
Where do we lay the foundation of buildings?
Answer:
Lithosphere

Question 3.
Which need is met through breathing?
Answer:
Breathing helps us to keep us alive. We take in oxygen from the air and give out carbon dioxide.

Question 4.
From where does the earth get light and heat?
Answer:
Sun

Question 5.
Make as long a list as you can of all the living things you see in the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere.
Answer:

Glossary:

1. vast – immense
2. margins – the edge or border of something.
3. phenomena – situation or fact
4. snowbound – covered in snow
5. crust – the tough, outer part.
6. cascades – pour ownwards rapidly.
7. strait – a narrow passage of water connecting two seas
8. creek – a stream or minor tributary of water
9. brook – a C small stream.
10. float – move and honer on the surface of water
11. evaporation – process of liquid changing into a gas.
12. decomposing – decaying
13. accumulated – gathered together.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Hindi Solutions Sulabhbharati पुनरावर्तन ३ Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Hindi Sulabhbharati Solutions पुनरावर्तन ३

5th Standard Hindi Digest पुनरावर्तन ३ Textbook Questions and Answers

1. अनुस्वारवाले (-) शब्दों को सुनो, समझो और दोहराओ:

अङ्क-अंक, चञ्चल-चंचल, झण्डा-झंडा, सुन्दर-सुंदर, मुम्बई-मुंबई; टंकी, पंख, पतंग, कंघी, कंचा, पंछी, अंजीर, झंझावात, घंटी, कंठ, डंडा, पंढरपुर, संत, पंथ, बंदर, कंधा, पंप, गुंफन, कंबल, खंभा ।

2. रास्ते में घायल पक्षी को देखकर तुम्हारे मन में कौन-से भाव आते हैं? बताओ?

प्रश्न 1.
रास्ते में घायल पक्षी को देखकर तुम्हारे मन में कौन-से भाव आते हैं? बताओ?
उत्तर:
रास्ते में घायल पक्षी को देखकर मुझे उस पर दया आ जाती है। मैं उसे उठाकर उसका उपचार करती / करता हूँ, ताकि वह फिर से आकाश में उड़ सके।

3. पढ़ो, समझो और रेखांकित शब्दों पर चर्चा करो और दोनों अक्षरों से नए वाक्य बनाओ

प्रश्न (क)
मैं पाँचवी कक्षा में पढ़ रहा हूँ।
उत्तर:
‘मैं’ का उपयोग हम अपने लिए करते हैं। ‘में’ का उपयोग किसी ओर वस्तु के बारे में करते हैं।

प्रश्न (ख)
मृणाल ने पूछा “उदय! कहाँ गए थे?” उदय ने कहा, “मैं भोपाल गया था।”
उत्तर:
कहाँ – किसी जगह के बारे में पूछते हैं।
कहा – मतलब ‘बोला’ या ‘बताया’।
(अ) तुम कहाँ जा रहे हो?
(आ) राम ने कहा, ‘मैं बीमार हूँ।

प्रश्न (ग)
रौनक बिल्ली की ओर लपका और वह भाग गई।
उत्तर:
ओर – उस तरफ (की तरफ)
और – दो शब्दों अथवा दो वाक्यों को जोड़ने वाला शब्द
(अ) सीमा पाठशाला की ओर जा रही है।
(आ) सीता और गीता जुड़वा बहनें हैं।

प्रश्न (घ)
राजू खेल रहा है। उसके साथी बैठे हैं।
उत्तर:
है – केवल एक व्यक्ति के लिए लगता है।
हैं – बहुवचन या अनेक के लिए लगता है।
(अ) राम बाहर खड़ा है।
(आ) बच्चे खेल रहे हैं।

प्रश्न (ङ)
सोहन की बिल्ली इतनी प्यारी है कि सब उसे उठा लेते हैं।
उत्तर:
की – पहले शब्द की व्याख्या करता है।
कि – दो वाक्यों को जोड़ने का काम करता है।
(अ) राम की बहन सीता है।
(आ) पवन ने कहा कि मैं बीमार हूँ।

4. उचित शब्द बनाकर लिखो:

प्रश्न 1.
उचित शब्द बनाकर लिखो:

1. ख ओं
2. र पै
3. न का
4. ठ हों
5. ज ग का
6. ट ना घु
7. र द बं
8. त र भा
9. ई र पा चा
10. व ली दी पा
11. ला शा ठ पा
12. वा ल री फु

उत्तर:

1. आँख
2. पैर
3. कान
4. होंठ
5. कागज
6. घुटना
7. बंदर
8. भारत
9. चारपाई
10. दीपावली
11. पाठशाला
12. फुलवारी

5. वर्ण के अवयवों का उपयोग करते हुए अपने मन से चित्र बनाओ।

Hindi Sulabhbharati Class 5 Solutions पुनरावर्तन ३ Additional Important Questions and Answers

प्रश्न 1.
आपकी पाठशाला में मनाए गए किसी एक कार्यक्रम पर पाँच वाक्य लिखिए:
उत्तर:

1. हमारी पाठशाला में हिन्दी दिवस मनाया गया।
2. सभी बच्चों ने इसमें भाग लिया।
3. बच्चों ने भाषण, कविता, नाटक प्रस्तुत किए।
4. पहली कक्षा की एक छात्रा ने बहुत अच्छी कहानी सुनाई।
5. अंत में सभी को धन्यवाद दिया गया।

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 10 Getting to Know India Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 EVS Solutions Part 1 Chapter 10 Getting to Know India

5th Std EVS 1 Digest Chapter 10 Getting to Know India Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Correct the following statements and write the answer:

Question (a)
There are coffee plantations in Himachal Pradesh.
Answer:
There are coffee plantations in Kerala.

Question (b)
Konkan lies in the eastern part of India.
Answer:
Konkan lies in the western part of India.

Question (c)
Jaipur is the smallest state in India.
Answer:
Goa is the smallest state in India.

Question (d)
The Sabarmati river flows through Madhya Pradesh.
Answer:
The Sabarmati river flows through Gujarat.

Question (e)
The Sahyadri mountains are located in Andhra Pradesh.
Answer:
The Sahyadri mountains are located in Maharashtra.

2. Make a chart of the states and the rivers flowing through/in them.

Question 1.
Make a chart of the states and the rivers flowing through/in them.

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 10 Getting to Know India Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks with the correct answers from the options given below:

Question 1.
India’s …………………. border is defined by the lofty Himalaya ranges.
(a) eastern
(b) northern
(c) western
Answer:
(b) northern

Question 2.
…………………… is produced on a large scale in central India.
(a) jowar
(b) Wheat
(c) Rice
Answer:
(a) jowar

Question 3.
………………… is the largest state in India.
(a) Maharashtra
(b) Madhya Pradesh
(c) Rajasthan
Answer:
(c) Rajasthan

Question 4.
Telangana state was formed in the year ……………. .
(a) 2013
(b) 2014
(c) 2015
Answer:
(b) 2014

Question 5.
We see several forts along the ………………… coast.
(a) Kerala
(b) Konkan
(c) Karnataka
Answer:
(b) Konkan

Question 6.
Our ……………………. comprises of various rivers, mountains, plateaus, plains, islands etc.
(a) country
(b) nation
(c) state
Answer:
(a) country

Question 7.
The expanse of our country is ………………….. .
(a) small
(b) miniature
(c) large
Answer:
languages

Question 8.
…………………… is a primary crop in the north.
(a) Rice
(b) Wheat
(c) Jowar
Answer:
(b) Wheat

Question 9.
…………………… is a primary crop in the north.
(a) Rice
(b) Wheat
(c) Jowar
Answer:
(a) Rice

Question 10.
People of many ……………………. castes, tribes and religions live in our country.
(a) different
(b) similar
(c) difficult
Answer:
(a) different

Question 11.
Many different …………………… are spoken in our country.
(a) dress
(b) cuisine
(c) languages
Answer:
(c) languages

Question 12.
India is a democratic ……………………. .
(a) communist
(b) dictator
(c) republic
Answer:
(c) republic

Question 13.
The capital of India is …………………. .
(a) Agra
(b) Maharashtra
(c) New Delhi
Answer:
(c) New Delhi

Question 14.
…………………….. is the second largest state in India.
(a) Andhra Pradesh
(b) Himachal Pradesh
(c) Madhya Pradesh
Answer:
(c) Madhya Pradesh

Question 15.
…………………… is the third largest state in India.
(a) Tamil nadu
(b) Kerala
(c) Maharashtra
Answer:
(c) Maharashtra

Question 16.
…………………….. is the smallest state in India.
(a) Assam
(b) Goa
(c) Jammu
Answer:
(b) Goa

Match the following:

Question 1.
Match the following:

Answer:

Answer in one word:

Question 1.
Answer in one word:

1. A primary crop in the north.
2. A primary crop in the south.
3. Capital of India
4. Second longest state of India.

Answer:

1. Wheat
2. Rice
3. New Delhi
4. Madhya Pradesh.

Write in one sentence:

Question 1.
Which part of India is called the Indian peninsula?
Answer:
The Indian subcontinent is surrounded by water on three sides and tapers towards the south. This part is called the Indian peninsula.

Question 2.
How does natural diversity affect human beings?
Answer:
Natural diversity affect our lifestyle, customs, traditions and culture.

Question 3.
What diversity is found with regards to people in our country?
Answer:
People of different castes, tribes, religion and speaking different languages live in our country.

Question 4.
What does our country comprise of?
Answer:
Our country comprises of various rivers, mountains, plateau, plains, islands etc.

Question 5.
What covers our northern border?
Answer:
Our northern border is defined by the lofty Himalayan ranges.

Question 6.
What is the height of India’s land?
Answer:
The height above sea-level goes beyond 8000 metres.

Question 7.
Which is the primary crop grown in north India?
Answer:
Wheat is the primary crop grown in north India.

Question 8.
Which is the primary crop grown in south India?
Answer:
Rice is the primary crop grown in south India.

Question 9.
Which crop is grown on a large scale in central India?
Answer:
Jowar is grown on a large scale in central India.

Question 10.
What makes the islands in the Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal very important?
Answer:
These islands have strategic location from defence point of view.

Question 11.
What are sea forts?
Answer:
Sea forts are forts built on an island off the coast to safeguard* the coast.

Give geographical reasons:

Question 1.
In India, the weather conditions change from region to region.
Answer:
1. The expanse of our country is large.
2. The height above sea level varies and goes up even beyond 8000 metres.
3. Therefore, the weather conditions change from region to region.

Study the physical map of India carefully and answer the questions:

Question 1.
Find the mountains and name them.
Answer:
The Himalayas, The Sahyadris, The Satpuda, The Vindhya range, Aravalli range.

Question 2.
Name the hills shown on the map.
Answer:
Nallamala hills, Mahedragiri, Malaygiri.

Question 3.
Find and name the plateaus in the map.
Answer:
Deccan Plateau, Telangana, Chotta Nagpur Plateau, Karnataka Plateau, Malwa Plateau.

Question 4.
Which rivers originate in the Himalayas and join the Indus? Consider the height and write the direction of their flow.
Answer:
River Jhelum, River Ravi, River Chenab and River Satluj join River Indus. They flow to the south.

Question 5.
Write the names of the major rivers which flow into the Coromandel Coast.
Answer:
River Kaveri and River Krishna.

Question 6.
Study the course of the Ganga, Narmada, Vainganga, Godavari and Kaveri rivers. Note the slope of the land in each basin and write the direction of the slope.
Answer:
River Ganga flows eastwards, River Narmada flows westwards, Vinganga flows southwards, Godavari and Kaveri flow eastwards.

Question 7.
Find the lakes on the map and name them.
Answer:
Wular, Dal, Chilka, Kolleru, Lonar and Pulicat Lake.

Question 8.
Find and name the gulfs and the direction in which they are located with respect to India.
Answer:
Gulf of Kachchh and Gulf of Khambhat in Gujarat (west), Gulf of Mannar in the south.

Question 9.
Study the water bodies on the three sides of India. Find their names and write the direction in which they are located.
Answer:
Arabian sea to the west, Bay of Bengal to the east and Indian ocean to the south.

Question 10.
Find the Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar Island groups and write the names of some of the islands.
Answer:
In the Lakshadweep lies Chettlon, Andron, Kalpeni, Tree island. In the Andaman and Nicobar Islands lie Car Nicobar, South Andaman, Coco Island, North Andaman and Middle Andaman.

Question 11.
Which river basin is located in the northern plain of India?
Answer:
To the North of India lies the river basin of Ganga.

Study the political map of India given below and answer the questions:

Question 1.
Find our State. Colour it with your favourite colour and write the name of its capital.
Answer:
Maharashtra (Capital is Mumbai) colour it in red.

Question 2.
Which is the northernmost State?
Answer:
Jammu and Kashmir

Question 3.
Which is the southernmost State?
Answer:
Tamil Nadu

Question 4.
Colour the States to the north-east in different colours. Write their names and the names of their capitals.
Answer:

Question 5.
Colour the largest State in yellow and circle its capital.
Answer:
Colour Rajasthan in yellow and circle its capital Jaipur.

Question 6.
What do the names in red letters show?
Answer:
Names in red letters show Union territories.

Use your brain power!

Question 1.
Which is the State next to us which was formed in 2014?
Answer:
Telangana State

Question 2.
How many States are there in India?
Answer:
29 states

Question 3.
In which State is the Great Indian Desert mainly located?
Answer:
Rajasthan

Answer the questions given below with the help of map.

Question 1.
From where will we obtain saffron? Trace the most convenient route.
Answer:
We obtain saffron from Jammu and Kashmir. (Route from Srinagar – Chandigarh – New Delhi – Gujarat – Maharashtra)

Question 2.
In which States is tea grown?
Answer:
West Bengal and Assam

Question 3.
Find the route taken to bring cloves into our State and trace it.
Answer:
Cloves can be brought from Kerala – Karnataka – Goa – Maharashtra

Question 4.
Find the States in which apples are grown. Circle their names.
Answer:
Jammu and Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh.

Question 5.
Find the route to deliver oranges from Nagpur to Bikaner and trace it.
Answer:
Nagpur – Madhya Pradesh – Bikaner

Question 6.
Find a route to deliver coffee and mangoes to West Bengal and trace it.
Answer:
Coffee from Kerala – Chennai – Andhra Pradesh – Odisha – West Bengal.
Mangoes from Maharashtra
Nagpur – Chattisgarh – Odisha – West Bengal.

Question 7.
How will you send onions from Maharashtra to Arunachal Pradesh?
Answer:
Nashik – Nagpur – Chhatisgarh – Odisha – West Bengal – Assam – Arunachal Pradesh.

What’s the solution?

Question 1.
Harsh and Tanishka live in Mumbai. They want to see the Andaman and Nicobar islands. First they are going to see their uncle in Chennai. After that, they will visit the islands. To make this trip, which of the routes on the map on page 49 will they have to take? Will you help them by tracing this route on the map?
Answer:
Harsh and Tanishka can travel to Andaman and Nicobar by seaways as shown in the map with black dotted lines or by airways shown with green dash line. They can reach Port Blair.

Glossary:

1. tapers – diminish or reduce in thickness at one end.
2. lofty – of imposing height.
3. Cuisine – style or method of cooking.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 5 Environmental Studies Solutions Chapter 9 Maps – Our Companions Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 5 EVS Solutions Part 1 Chapter 9 Maps – Our Companions

5th Std EVS 1 Digest Chapter 9 Maps – Our Companions Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Make a list of the various landforms in your surroundings. Draw one of the landforms in your notebook using one of the methods of showing landforms.

2. In the following sentences, underline the words that represent landform and prepare signs or symbols for them.

Question (a)
Sonali lives just beyond Mount Takmak.
Answer:
Mount (Δ)

Question (b)
Nilesh has gone on a trip to Gharapuri Island.
Answer:
Island

3. Prepare signs and symbols for the following components:

Question 1.
Prepare signs and symbols for the following components:
House, hospital, factory, park, playground, road, hill, river.
Answer:

4. The given map shows height through the use of colours. However, one colour representation is wrong. Write which colour would be correct in its place.

Question 1.
The given map shows height through the use of colours. However, one colour representation is wrong. Write which colour would be correct in its place.
Answer:
In place of blue the colour for low elevation to be used should have been green.

Use your brain power!

Question 1.
will you help them by writing the meanings of each sign and symbol?
Answer:

Environmental Studies Part 1 Standard 5th Solutions Chapter 9 Maps – Our Companions Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks with the correct answers from the options given below:

Question 1.
In ancient times, maps were mainly used for ……………… .
(a) weather forecast
(b) wars
(c) tourism
Answer:
(b) wars

Question 2.
The ………………. colour is used to indicate water bodies on a map.
(a) grey
(b) green
(c) blue
Answer:
(c) blue

Question 3.
The most modem method of indicating height on a map is …………….. method.
(a) contour line
(b) digital elevation
(c) layer tinting
Answer:
(b) digital elevation

Question 4.
The foremost mapmaking institute in India is ………………. .
(a) Survey of India
(b) Mapping of India
(c) Survey of Map
Answer:
(a) Survey of India

Question 5.
The Survey of India headquarters are in
(a) Shimla
(b) Dehradun
(c) Delhi
Answer:
(b) Dehradun

Question 6.
The Survey of India was established in
(a) 1867
(b) 1967
(c) 1767
Answer:
(c) 1767

Question 7.
The land in our environment is not of the same everywhere.
(a) length
(b) height
(c) breadth
Answer:
(b) height

Question 8.
The univemess of land gives rise to various land shapes creating different …………….. .
(a) land forms
(b) strategy
(c) maps
Answer:
(a) land forms

Question 9.
There are different ……………….. of showing land forms on a map.
(a) knowledge
(b) questions
(c) methods
Answer:
(c) methods

Question 10.
The ………………. and ………………. of land cannot be shown easily on a piece of paper.
(a) depth
(b) width
(c) height
Answer:
(a) depth & (c) height

Question 11.
The height of the land is measured from
(a) ground-level
(b) snow-line
(c) sea-level
Answer:
(c) sea-level

Question 12.
When there is less distance between the contour lines, the slope is ………………… .
(a) steep
(b) gentle
(c) level
Answer:
(a) steep

Question 13.
When the distance between the contour lines is great, the slope is
(a) steep
(b) gentle
(c) level
Answer:
(b) gentle

Question 14.
In layer tinting method, each colour indicates a specific ……………….. .
(a) weight
(b) depth
(c) height
Answer:
(c) height

Question 15.
In digital elevation method, the ………………… is obtained through man-made satellites.
(a) information
(b) technology
(c) height
Answer:
(a) information

Question 16.
Using computers, we can find the height of each point on a ……………………… map.
(a) plain
(b) digital
(c) military
Answer:
(b) digital

Question 17.
Standard signs and symbols are used to make the ………………….. easy to read.
(a) road
(b) board
(c) map
Answer:
(c) map

Question 18.
……………….. are miniature drawings of the respective objects.
(a) symbols
(b) signs
(c) maps
Answer:
(a) symbols

2. Match the following:

Question 1.
Match the following:

Answer:
1 – c, 2 – e, 3 – a, 4 – b, 5 – d

Answer in one sentence:

Question 1.
What are different ways of showing elevation of land on a map?
Answer:
The different ways of showing elevation of land on a map are contour line method, layer tinting method and digital elevation method.

Question 2.
What are contour lines?
Answer:
Lines on a map joining places having same height are called contour lines.

Question 3.
How are digital elevation model prepared?
Answer:
Digital elevation model is prepared with the information obtained through manmade satellites and help of computers.

Question 4.
What are physical maps used for?
Answer:
Physical maps are used in military operations, tourism, drawing up mountaineering routes, in making regional development projects etc.

Question 5.
How are conventional signs drawn?
Answer:
Conventional signs are down in the form of letters or geometrical shapes, for example, lines, circle, triangle, dots etc.

Question 6.
How are conventional symbols drawn?
Answer:
Conventional symbols are miniature drawings of the respective objects for eg, temples, mosque, forts etc.

Question 7.
Name some land forms.
Answer:
Mountains, valleys, plateaus, plains and islands are different land forms.

Question 8.
How were maps used during ancient times?
Answer:
During ancient times, maps were mainly used in wars.

Question 9.
From where is the height of land measured?
Answer:
The height of land is measured from sea-level.

Question 10.
How does contour line method help?
Answer:
Contour line method helps us to understand the slope of the land and the height of different places.

Question 11.
In layer tinting method, what do colours indicates?
Answer:
In layer tinting method, each colour indicates a specific height.

Question 12.
Why are signs and symbols used in maps?
Answer:
Standard signs and symbols are used to make the map easy to read.

Question 13.
Which is the foremost map making institute in India?
Answer:
The ‘Survey of India’ is the foremost mapmaking institute in India.

Question 14.
What are the topographic maps made by ‘Survery of India’ known for all over the world?
Answer:
The topographic maps made by ‘Survey of India’ are known all over the world for their accuracy.

Give geographical reasons:

Question 1.
Standard signs and symbols are used to make the map easy to read.
Answer:

1. Many people make use of maps.
2. Maps show various components.
3. If these components are shown on different maps in different ways, it will be difficult to understand them.
4. Therefore, standard signs and symbols are used to make the map easy to read.

Answer in brief:

Question 1.
Explain – Layer tinting method.
Answer:

1. Layer tinting method is based on contour lines.
2. The space between the contour lines is filled with colour.
3. Each colour indicates a specific height.
4. For example, water bodies – blue colour, high elevated land yellow.

Question 2.
Write a note on the ‘Survey of India’.
Answer:

1. The ‘Survey of India’ is the foremost map-making institute in India.
2. It was established in 1767.
3. It makes a large number of topographic maps of the Indian subcontinent on various scales by conducting field surveys.
4. These maps are accurate maps.
5. Its headquarters are in Dehradun in Uttarakhand.

Use your brain power!

Question 1.
Join the dots that show places of the same height. What method of showing the landforms on a map have you used here?

Answer:
Contour line method.

Question 2.
A map made by the layer tinting method is given in another chapter. Find the map and write its caption in the blank box below:
Answer:

Can you tell?

Question 1.
In map A, how has the height of the land ban shown?
Answer:
Lines which are called contours.

Question 2.
Why have colours been used in map B?
Answer:
The colours between the contour lines shows the difference in the physical set up.

Question 3.
How is map C different from the other two maps?
Answer:
In map C we can directly observe the differences in the height of landforms.

Question 4.
In which direction is the highest point in map A, B, C?
Answer:
South East

Question 5.
In which map can the landforms be seen more clearly?
Answer:
Map B.

Question 6.
Can you tell?
Identify the following sign and symbols and write their names in the boxes.
Answer:

Glossary:

1. elevation – fact of raising or being raised
2. contour – an outline representing the shape of form
3. foremost – most prominent.
4. conventional – based on what is generals done or believed