Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Geography Solutions Chapter 1 Field Visit Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Geography Solutions Chapter 1 Field Visit

Field Visit Geography Class 10 Questions And Answers

Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 Field Visit Textbook Questions and Answers

Answer in short :

Field Visit Geography Class 10 Questions And Answers Question 1.
Make a report on your field visit.
OR
On the basis of which points will you write the tour report?
Answer:
The following points should be used for preparing a report.

• Introduction
• Location and route map
• Physiographic features
• Climate
• Plant and animal life
• Human settlements
• Occupations
• Land use and type of crops
• Important historical places
• Environmental problems and measures
• Conclusion
• Use of diagrams, graphs, pictures can be taken to support the information collected during the field visit.

Field Visit Geography Class 10 Question 2.
Prepare a questionnaire for a field visit to a factory.
Answer:
A questionnaire for a field visit to a factory will be as follows:

• What is the name of the factory?
• What is the location of the factory?
• Which product is manufactured in the factory?
• What are the raw materials used to make the final goods?
• Where do the raw materials come from?
• In which market is the final product sold?
• How many people are employed in the factory?
• Do you have shifts for your employees? What are their timings?
• What safety measures do you adopt for your staff?
• What precautions have been taken to prevent a fire hazard?
• What precautions have been taken to prevent or reduce environmental pollution?
• What mode of transport is used for the movement of raw materials and finished goods?

Question 3.
What items will you take with you for the field visit?
Answer:
We will take the following items with us for the field visit:

• Notebook, pen, pencil, camera, binoculars, etc to collect information.
• Magnetic compass, GPS enabled mobile phone and also maps to know directions and locate various places.
• I-card, water bottle, cap, and a first aid box are a must.
• Ziplock bag for collecting samples.
• Carry a questionnaire and information booklet about the place to be visited.
• Carry some bags to discard any trash.

Question 4.
Outline the importance of a field visit.
OR
Explain with examples of how field visits increase geographical knowledge.
Answer:
(i) Geography is a science to be learnt through observation.
(ii) Field study gives us an opportunity to get firsthand information of the new place having a different location, climate and landforms.
(iii) Students learn the relationship between physical and cultural factors and how man adapts himself accordingly.
(iv) They get an opportunity to interact with the local people, know about their culture, food, clothing and understand their problems.
(v) Students develop the feeling of belonging to these regions and their skill of observation and reasoning also improves.

Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 Field Visit InText Questions and Answers

Short Answers:

Question 1.
Correlate pulse cropping with low rainfall.
Answer:
(i) Extreme weather events during growing and harvesting seasons can cause serious damage to crops.
(ii) Pulses are very sensitive to torrential rain, especially in the early vegetative stage and flowering stage.
(iii) A high quantity of rainfall can cause disease infestation in crops.
Hence, pulses are grown in places where there is less to moderate rainfall.

Question 2.
Do you agree that regions and necessities influence the difference in the means of livelihood?
Answer:
(i) A person’s livelihood refers to their “means of securing the basic necessities of – food, water, shelter and clothing – of life.”
(ii) To acquire above necessities, people work either individually or as a group by using skills (both human and material) for meeting the requirements of the self. The activities are usually carried out repeatedly.
(iii) For instance, a fisherman’s livelihood depends on the availability and accessibility of fish and depending on this, primary, secondary and tertiary occupations will develop, like making of boats, nets, fish canning, transportation, etc.
(iv) So, definitely the regions and necessities influence the difference in the means of livelihood.

Question 3.
Give geographical reasons:
It is important to manage the waste during field visit.
Answer:
(i) It is our social responsibility to ensure that the cleanliness and sanctity, of the place of visit is maintained during the visit.
(ii) Managing environment also shows how responsible we are.
(iii) Managing environment assists in the prevention of the environmental pollution.

Question 4.
If you were a part of a field visit, what preparations would you make?
OR
Suppose teachers ask you to plan the visit. How will you plan the details of the trip?
If you were a part of a field visit, what preparations would you make?
OR
Suppose teachers ask you to plan the visit. How will ,you plan the details of the trip?
Answer:
Following preparations / plans will be made for the field visit:
(i) Deciding the place : Deciding an appropriate place for the field visit, selecting the means of transportation, and duration of the field visit should be planned well ahead.
e.g. selecting a place like fort/ factory/ hill station, etc.

(ii) Deciding the purpose : Deciding the objectives of the field visit and the elements which will be observed in the field visit should be decided, e.g. visiting a village to understand the problems faced by rural people in their daily life and finding solutions.

(iii) Collecting important documents : Collecting important documents like the location map, permission letters, etc.
e.g. For a visit to a factory, permission letter of the factory owner is required.

(iv) Preparing for emergencies : Preparing for emergencies is very important.
e.g. carrying first – aid kit, GPS enabled mobile phone, dry snacks, water bottle, etc.

(v) Preparing the budget: With the help of a teacher make a budget and plan the travel, stay and food expenses.

(vi) Planning the journey : Study the location map and the route map of the place to be visited. Distance, transport route should be planned. Also plan the time of departure and the entire schedule of the visit.

(vii) Making a list of items required : Water bottle, dry snacks, book, pen, binoculars, compass, camera, etc.

Question 5.
What precautions will you take continuously during the field visit?
Answer:
(i) Strictly obey instructions given by teachers.
(ii) Ensure safety of oneself and others, carry first – aid box, identity cards, etc. for emergency.
(iii) Note down information gathered immediately in the book and preserve the book and samples collected carefully.
(iv) Take photographs of sites / people wherever necessary during the field visit.
(v) Safeguard the natural surroundings and the historical monuments during the visit.
(vi) Do not litter and cause any inconvenience or harm to anybody.

Question 6.
Collect more information about mud and wood houses. (Dhabyachi ghare)
Answer:
(i) Dhabyachi ghare or mud and wood houses are made of earth mixed with water and organic materials such as straw or dung. The roof is made up of wood.
(ii) Straw is useful in binding the brick together and allowing the brick to dry evenly, thereby preventing cracking due to uneven shrinkage through the brick. Dung offers the same advantage.
(iii) These houses are built in the low rainfall areas of Maharashtra e.g. Vidarbha, Marathwada.

Question 7.
Obtain information regarding Multi-purpose Projects.
Answer:
(i) Projects which serve more than one purpose are called as Multipurpose Projects.
(ii) Multi purpose Projects are planned for various purposes like irrigation and hydropower generation, water supply for drinking and industrial purpose, flood control, navigation etc.
(iii) For e.g. Bhakra Nangal Multipurpose Project on River Sutlej, Jayakwadi Multipurpose Project on River Godavari, etc.

Question 8.
‘Vegetation is an indicator of difference in precipitation’. What are the other indicators of difference in precipitation?
Answer:
(i) Crops grown in a particular region can be one of the indicators of precipitation.

(ii) The type of houses found in the region is an indicator of precipitation. For e.g. in low rainfall regions, flat roof houses are found whereas in heavy rainfall regions houses have slanting roofs.

(iii) Texture and colour of the soil, humidity in the air, etc. are indicators of precipitation.

(iv) As temperatures rises, more people will need to keep cool by using air conditioner, which uses a lot of electricity. So, consumption of energy is another indicator of precipitation.

(v) Animal life can also be affected. If the climate is not suitable – (too wet, too dry, or too cold in winter) – plants and the animals that depend upon them for food or habitat will struggle or die.

Question 9.
How will the terrain below appear to the birds from the sky?
Answer:
(i) To the birds flying in the sky, the terrain will look like a flat land.
(ii) Every object on the terrain will look very small in size.

Question 10.
Out of which process has the plateau of Maharashtra formed? What is the main type of rock seen here?
Answer:
(i) The Deccan Plateau was formed due to volcanic eruptions.
(ii) The Deccan Plateau is made up of basalt rock.

Question 11.
Guess in which season of the year is the field visit being undertaken?
Answer:
The following points tell us that the field visit is being undertaken in the rainy season.
(i) Paddy fields are visible.
(ii) Waterfalls are seen in the Sahyadris.

Question 12.
What is the concept of ‘Devrai’?
Answer:

• Devrai means sacred groves / patch of forest.
• In Maharashtra small patches of forest in the Ghats are protected by local people.
• It is based on the understanding that all creations of nature have to be protected. Such beliefs have preserved several virgin forests in pristine form.
• These patches of forests or parts of large forests have been left untouched by the local people and any interference with them is banned.

Question 13.
What precautions have to be taken while going to the sea coast?
Answer:
The following precautions must be taken while going to the sea coast:

• Sun exposure at the sea is quite high. So, bring sunglasses and a hat to beat the sun’s rays and prevent sunburn.
• Consult the local people before entering the sea water.
• Avoid going beaches if there’s lightning in the forecast.
• Don’t go in deep water, if you do not know to swim.
• Beware of the waves, some are more powerful than you think.
• Don’t climb edges of rocks to click photographs, as they may be slippery.
• Be sure to bring plenty of water.
• Do not wear expensive watches and jewellery when going to the sea coast.

Question 14.
What is the simplest method of understanding the timings of the tides?
Answer:

• Tides are defined as the rise and fall of sea levels, caused by the combined effects of gravitational forces of the Moon, the Sun and the rotation of Earth.
• The simplest method of understanding the timings of the tides is by asking the local people.
• One can also do the same through observation, This tidal range typically changes twice daily.
• Since the lunar high tides occur every 12 hours and 25 minutes, which means that it takes 6 hours and 12.5 minutes to go from high tide to low tide or vice versa.

Question 15.
What type of photographs will you click with respect to the field visit?
Answer:

• The type of photographs to be clicked will depend on the purpose and place to visit.
• If the purpose of field visit is to study landforms then we will click pictures of mountains slopes, plateaus and plains.
• If the purpose of the visit is to study a forest, then we will click pictures of vegetation, dominant trees, wild animals, etc.
• Similarly, if we are visiting a village it would be settlements, agricultural fields, roads, irrigation, schools, etc.

Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 Field Visit Additional Important Questions and Answers

Short Answers:

Question 1.
It is necessary to take items required for field visit and the questionnaires along with us.
Answer:
(i) We need to carry various items for field visit.
(ii) For e.g. – A camera is required for clicking photographs, GPS enabled mobile phone and also maps to know directions and locate various places.
(iii) Questionnaire helps to collect the information. So, it is necessary to take items required for field visit and the questionnaires along with us.

Question 2.
Prepare a questionnaire of atleast 8 questions with an aim to visit the meteorological department.
Answer:
(i) How many departments are there in the Meteorological office?
(ii) What is the role of each department?
(iii) How and when is the maximum and minimum temperature measured?
(iv) Which instrument is used to measure rainfall?
(v) How do satellites play an important role in the weather forecast?
(vi) Are drones used by the meteorological department?
(vii) What are the total number of employees?
(viii) Are all the weather forecasts accurate?

Question 3.
What steps will you take to manage the litter during field visit?
Answer:
(i) During a field visit, we must ensure that we do not throw litter out of the window while travelling and also we do not throw any trash or litter around us.
(ii) We must use the dustbins for throwing empty j packets of snacks, empty water bottles, left-over food items, etc.
(iii) Also one must try to keep the surroundings clean by segregating wet and dry waste.
(iv) We can also avoid usage of plastic bags and instead, can make use of jute or cloth bags. Following discipline is very important during a field visit.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 History Solutions Chapter 1 Historiography Development in the West Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 History Solutions Chapter 1 Historiography Development in the West

History Class 10 Chapter 1 Historiography Development In The West

Question 1.
(A) Choose the correct option from the given options and complete the statement.
(1) It may be said that …….. was the founder of modern historiography.
(a) Voltaire
(b) Rene Descartes
(c) Leopold Ranke
(d) Karl Marx
Answer:
(a) Voltaire

(2) ………… wrote the book entitled ‘Archaeology of Knowledge’.
(a) Karl Marx
(b) Michel Foucault
(c) Lucien Febvre
(d) Voltaire
Answer:
(b) Michel Foucault

(B) Identify and write the wrong pair in the following set.
(1) Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel – ‘Reason in History’
(2) Leopold von Ranké – ‘The theory and Practice of History’
(3) Herodotus – ‘The Histories’
(4) Karl Marx – ‘Discourse on the Method’
Answer:
(1) Right pair: Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel – ‘Reason in History’
(2) Right pair: Leopold von Ranké – ‘The theory and Practice of History’
(3) Right pair: Herodotus – ‘The Histories’
(4) Wrong pair: Karl Marx – Discourse on the Method.

Question 2.
Explain the following concepts.
(1) Dialectics
Answer:

• In order to understand the true nature of an event, one needs to know its opposite for e.g. True — False, Good — Bad, etc.
• A German philosopher, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel had put forward this method of analysis of history.
• A theory called ‘Thesis’ is proposed at the beginning. It is followed by another theory called Antithesis’ which is, contrary to ‘Thesis’.
• After a thorough logical discussion of both new thesis is proposed having gist of both (Thesis and Antithesis).
• This process of orriving at a new thesis is called Synthesis.
• This method of analysis of history which is based on opposites is known as ‘Dialectics’.

(2) Annales School
Answer:

• At the dawn of the twentieth century, the writing ¿f history got a new direction.
• Along with political events, kings, great leaders, the study of climate, local people, agriculture, trade, technology, means of communication, social divisions and their collective psychology of a group was also considered important in the study of history.
• This new school of thought is known as Annales School. Annales School was started by French historians.

Question 3.
Explain the following with its reason.
(1) Historical research was driven to focus in depth on various aspects of women’s life.
Answer:

• Initially, there was a lot of dominance of male perspective on historical writing. Simone de Beauvoir, a French scholar, insisted on inclusion of women perspective in historiography.
• She emphasised on the inclusion of women in the process of writing history.
• She insisted on rethinking of the male dominated perspective of history.
• Because of her efforts historical research was driven to focus in depth on various aspects of women’s lives their employment, their role in trade unions, institution working for their cause, and their family life.

(2) Foucault called his method, ‘the archaeology of knowledge’.
Answer:

• According to Michel Foucault, the prevailing method of arranging historical events in a chronological order was not right.
• He threw light on the fact that archaeology does not strive to reach the ultimate historical truth.
• It attempts to explain various transitions in the past.
• Foucault gave more importance for explaining the transitions in history. Hence, his method is called ‘the archaeology of knowledge’.

Question 4.
Complete the concept chart.

Answer:

Question 5.
Answer the following in detail.
(1) Explain Karl Marx’s ‘Class Theory’.

Answer:
In the latter part of nineteenth century, German thinker, Karl Marx put forward ‘Class Theory’ in his book ‘Das Kapital’.

According to him:

1. History i not about abstract ideas but living people. The fullillment of basic needs of people depends on the nature of prevalent means of production and the ownership.
2. All the different strata of the society do not get equal access to these means of production which causes the division of the society into classes. It rešults into class struggle.
3. The class which owns means of production $ economically exploits the rest of the classes. Human history, according to him, is the history of class struggle.

(2) What are the four characteristics of modern historiography?
Answer:
The following are the four characteristics of modern historiography:

1. Its method is based on scientific principles and begins with formation of relevant questions.
2. These questions are anthropocentric i.e. they are about ancient human societies and their deeds in that period of time. No interrelation between the divine and human needs is suggested.
3. Answers to these questions are supported by reliable evidence and they are presented in a logical order.
4. History presents a graph of man’s progress with the help of his deeds in the past.

(3) What is feminist historiography?
Answer:

• Feminist historiography means writing history with women perspective. There was a lot of dominance of male perspective on historical writing.
• Simone de Beauvoir, a French scholar, insisted on rethinking on the male dominated perspective and including the women’s perspective in historiography.
• The idea of feminist historiography was accepted.
• Because of her efforts various aspects of women’s lives like their employment, their role in trade unions and their family life became part of historiography.

(4) Explain Leopold von Ranké’s perspective of history?
Answer:
Leopold’s view on ways to write history throws light on his perspective of history:

1. He spoke about the critical method of historical research. He gave importance to information gathered through original documents.
2. He also stated that all types of original documents related to the historical event should be examined in detail and with great care.
3. He believed that with this method it was possible to reach the historical truth. He was critical of imagination in narration of history.

Historiography : Development In The West Questions And Answers Pdf Project
Obtain detailed information on your favourite subject and write its history. For example :
– History of Pen
– History of Printing technology
– History of Computers
Answer:

Memory Map

Question 6.
Choose the correct option from the given options and complete the sentences:

(a) A scholar who writes critical historical narratives is known as ………………………… .
(a) an archaeologist
(b) a historian
(c) a social scientist
(d) a language expert
Answer:
(b) a historian

(b) The earliest inscription in the world is displayed at Louvre museum in ………………………… .
(a) England
(b) France
(c) Germany
(d) Portugal
Answer:
(b) France

(c) The tradition of recording historical events can be traced back to ………………………… civilization in Mesopotamia.
(a) Sumer
(b) Egyptian
(c) Arab
(d) Mohenjodaro
Answer:
(a) Sumer

(d) The tradition of modern historiography has its roots in the writings of ………………….. historiAnswer:
(a) Roman
(b) Greek
(c) German
(d) French
Answer:
(b) Greek

(e) ………………….., a Greek historian of the fifth century B.C.E., had used the term ‘History’ for the first time for his book entitled, ‘The Histories’.
(a) Leopold Ranke
(b) Georg Hegel
(c) Michel Foucault
(d) Herodotus
Answer:
(d) Herodotus

(f) In 1737 C.E., the ………………….. university in Germany had an independent department for history.
(a) Oxford
(b) Cambridge
(c) Gottingen
(d) Stanford
Answer:
(c) Gottingen

(g) Historiography of the nineteenth century was greatly influenced by the thoughts of …………………..
(a) Karl Marx
(b) Voltaire
(c) Georg Hegel
(d) Leopold von Ranke
Answer:
(d) Leopold von Ranke

(h) A new school of historiography arose in France known as ………………….. school.
(a) Translation
(b) Annales
(c) Nationalism
(d) Communist
Answer:
(b) Annales

(i) The method of analysis which is based on opposites is known as …………………. .
(a) Numismatics
(b) Arithmetic
(c) Polynomial
(d) Dialectics
Answer:
(d) Dialectics

(j) ………………….. considered subjects like psychological disorders, science of medicine, prison administration for historical analysis.
(a) Michel Foucault
(b) Leopold Ranke
(c) Karl Marx
(d) Voltaire
Answer:
(a) Michel Foucault

(k) After 1990, ………………….. were considered as an independent social class.
(a) labourers
(b) women
(c) men
(d) farmers
Answer:
(b) women

(l) According to ………………….., historical realities should be presented in a logical manner.
(a) Georg Hegel
(b) Voltaire
(c) Simone de Beauvoir
(d) Herodotus
Answer:
(a) Georg Hegel

(m) According to ………………….., one should never accept anything as the truth till all the doubts are solved.
(a) Rene Descartes
(b) Karl Marx
(c) Voltaire
(d) Herodotus
Answer:
(a) Rene Descartes.

Question 7.
Identify the wrong pair in the following and write it:
(1)

Thinker	Book
(1) Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel	(a) Reason in History
(2) Leopold von Ranke	(b) The Theory and Practice of History
(3) Herodotus	(c) The Histories
(4) Karl Marx	(d) Discourse on the Method

Answer:
Wrong pair: Karl Marx – Discourse on the Method.

(2)

Historian	Country
(1) Herodotus	Greece
(2) Simone de Beauvoir	Germany
(3) Michel Foucault	France
(4) Rene Descartes	France

Answer:
Wrong pair: Simone de Beauvoir Germany.

(3)

Thoughts/Opinion	Historian
(1) All aspects of human life is important in the historiography	Voltaire
(2) He criticized imaginative narration.	Leopold von Ranke
(3) History is not about abstract ideas but about living people.	Rene Descartes
(4) Emphasized the rethinking of the male-dominated perspective of history.	Simone de Beauvoir

Answer:
Wrong pair: History is not about abstract ideas but about living people – René Descartes.

Question 8.
Complete the concept chart

Answer:

Answer:

Question 9.
Prepare a flow chart on the given topic:
Stages of historiography
Answer:

Question 10.
Write short notes:
(1) Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel:
Answer:

• Georg Hegel was a German philosopher.
• He was of the view that the historical realities should be presented in a logical manner. According to him, Timelme was indicative of progress.
• He believed that presentation of history is bound to change as time passes because new evidence surfaces.
• His philosophy convinced many scholars that historical methods were not of lesser quality, though they differed from the scientific method.
• His lectures and articles are published in a book called ‘Encyclopaedia of Philosophical Sciences’.
• His book ‘Reason in History’ is well known. He devised a method of analysis based on opposites known as Dialectics’.

(2) Karl Marx:
Answer:

1. Karl Marx was a German thinker in the nineteenth century. He wrote the world famous treatise Das Kapital’. According to him, history was not about abstract ideas but about living people.
2. He believed that human relationships are shaped by the fundamental needs of people and the ownership of prevalent ineczns of production to meet those needs.
3. He stated that unequal accessibility to the means of production creates à division in socièty leading to class struggle. His theory of class struggle is considered significant all over the world.
4. According to Marx, human history is the history of class struggle because the class which owns the means of production economically exploits the rest of the classes.

(3) Michel Foucault:
Answer:

• Michel Foucault was a twentieth century historian from France.
• He wrote the book ‘Archaeology of Knowledge’.
• In this book, he insisted that the prevailing practice of arranging historical events in a chronological order is not right.
• He gave importance to explaining the transitions that took place in history.
• He acknowledged the role of subjects such as science of medicine, psychological disorders, prison.
• Administration in historical analysis. This was not acknowledged by earlier historiAnswer:

(4) Leopold von Ranke:
Answer:

1. Leopold von Ranke, a German philosopher, laid emphasis on utmost importance of information gathered through original documents.
2. In order to reach historical truth, it was necessary to examine all documents related to historical event. He critcised the imaginative narration of history.
3. Collection of his articles are published in two books, entitled ‘The Theory and Practice of History’ and ‘The Secret of World History’.
4. Ranke had great influence on historiography of nineteenth century.

Question 11.
Give reasons:
(a) In historical research, it may not be possible to use the method of experiments and observation.
Answer:

1. In physical and natural sciences, experiment and observation method is used to establish laws that remain true irrespective of the time and space.
2. These laws can be tested and proved again and again.
3. In historical research, the events had already taken place in the past and we were not present in the historical time and space.
4. Moreover, these events cannot be recreated in the present time and space. Hence, experiment and observation method may not be used in historical research.

(b) Historiography in the 18th century gave importance to objectivity in history.
Answer:

• A remarkable progress was achieved in the fields of Philosophy and Science till the eighteenth century in Europe.
• It was believed that by applying scientific methods it was possible to study social and historical truths.
• In the later period, history and historiography witnessed a lot of philosophical discussion.
• This eliminated the imaginative and divine context in history and gave importance to objectivity.

Question 12.
Answer the following in 25-30 words:
(a) What is Historiography?
Answer:

1. The writing of critical historical narrative is called Historiography. A person who writes it is known as ‘Historian’. The following steps are helpful in writing historical narrative:
2. Information related to history is collected and analyzed.
3. The various sources are critically examined to understand the references regarding time and space in the given information as well as the conceptual framework used.
4. After examining the references of historical information, relevant questions related to these historical references are framed and hypotheseis are formulated.
5. In short, writing of critical historical narrative by following this method is known as historiography.

(b) What did Rene Descartes insist upon?
Answer:
French Philosopher Rene Descartes insisted on the following in writing historiography:

1. ‘Never to accept anything as true till all grounds of doubt are excluded’.
2. Hence, the reliability of a source like historical documents should be verified by critically examining them while writing history.

(c) Why is Voltaire said to be the founder of modern historiography?
Answer:
Voltaire, a french scholar, opined that it was important to consider the following aspects while writing history:

1. objective truth and chronology of events;
2. prevalent social traditions, agriculture, trade and economic system. It was because of his view that all aspects of human life was considered for history writing. Therefore, he is said to be the founder of modern historiography.

(d) What are the objectives of writing history?
Answer:
History is researched and written down with following objectives:

• To analyse the events in the past.
• To verify information about the historical events and their interconnections.
• To study in detail and remove imaginative element and bring forth the truth.
• To put the past events in chronological order.

(e) What progress was achieved in historiography in the eighteenth century?
Answer:
The following progress was achieved in historiography in the eighteenth century:

• Scientific methods were applied to study social and historical truths.
• Philosophical discourses revolving around divine phenomena were given less importance.
• Philosophical discussions focused more on the objectivity in history and historiography.
• Since the universities got an independent department of history, they became centres of historical studies.

Question 13.
Head the given passage carefully and answer the questions given below:
(a) Who is called a Historian?
Answer:
A scholar who writes critical historical narratives is called a Historian.

(b) Complete the concept chart.
Factors which determined historian’s

Answer:
Factors which determined historian’s

(c) How did the people in ancient societies preserve the events in the past?
Answer:
The ancient people preserved the events in the past so that they can pass them to the next generation. They used various means to do this:

• Narrating the stories of valour of ancestors to the next generation.
• Stories of their life preserved through cave paintings.
• Adopting story telling technique.
• Singing songs and ballads to impress events upon the minds of the new generation.

Question 14.
Answer the following questions in detail:
(a) Which experts do we need in order to prove the reliability of historical documents?
Answer:
The following experts are required to prove the reliability of historical documents:

• Language expert who can decipher the language and meaning of the document or the script on the inscription.
• One who can recognise the type of paper used and the period in which it was used.
• One who can understand the lettering style and the writing style of the author.
• Expert who has knowledge of different seals, i.e. stamps of authority used by the rulers.
• Historian who can interpret and do a comparative study of the references given in the document.

(b) Write Hegel’s view on history.
Answer:

• Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel was a German philosopher.
• He was of the view that the historical realities should be presented in a logical manner.
• He believed that presentation of history is bound to change as time passes because new evidence surfaces.
• He proposed a method of analysis based on opposites known as ‘Dialectics’.
• Hegel’s philosophy convinced many scholars that historical methods were not of lesser quality, though they differed from scientific methods.
• His lectures and articles are published in a book called ‘Encyclopaedia of Philosophical Sciences’. His book ‘Reason in History’ is well known.

Question 15.
Observe the inscription in the picture and write information it:

Answer:

1. A fragment of the earliest inscription is shown in the above picture. It dates back to 4500 BCE.
2. It is displayed at the Louvre museum in France.
3. The inscriptions have names of Sumerian kings and stories of battles fought by them.
4. It shows a forward marching file of soldiers holding shields and spears. The General is in the front.
   Brain Teaser
   Hints:
   Down:
   • He used the word ‘History’ for the first time
   • He wrote the book ‘Discourse on the Method’
   • Presented Theory of ‘Dialectics’
   • He called his method ‘Archaeology of Knowledge’

Across:

• founder of modern historiography
• Criticised imaginative narration of history. Articles published in ‘The Secret of World History’
• Her writings helped in establishing the fundamentals of feminism
• He wrote ‘Das Kapital’
  

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 3.5 The Alchemy of Nature Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 3.5 The Alchemy of Nature

My English Coursebook Standard Ten Guide Chapter 3.5 The Alchemy of Nature Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up:
Chit-chat:

1. Divide the class into five groups. Discuss in the group the following topics. (One question for each group.)

Question (a)
Seeds regenerate from another seed.
Answer:
Regeneration is the renewal of germplasm accessions by sowing seeds which will possess the same characteristics as the original population.

Question (b)
Plants and flowers wilt and become one with the other.
Answer:
Wilting is the loss of rigidity of non- woody parts of plants if they do not get water to thrive and soil is too dry.

Question (c)
Cacti (-Pidgd ) thrive in the desert region.
Answer:
Cacti (plural of cactus) lack leaves, instead they have spines which help preventing the loss of water and mineral content in the desert plants.

Question (d)
Bare nature turns green in spring.
Answer:
As temperatures warm and days get longer, forest ecosystem begins the transition from winter to spring.

Question (e)
Caterpillar turns into butterfly.
Answer:
It is truly a fantastic mechanism developed by nature. For a caterpillar to turn into a butterfly, it digests itself using enzymes triggered by hormones.
(Each group will present their discussion in front of the class.)

2. Role of Nature:

Question 1.
Role of Nature:
Discuss in pairs, the role played by nature and complete the web-diagram.

Answer:

3. Look at the following things. Discuss with your friend, what you learn from them.

Question 1.
Look at the following things. Discuss with your friend, what you learn from them.
(a) A bee …………………..
(b) An eagle ……………….
(c) A creeper ……………..
(d) The river ………………
(e) Rainfall ………………..
(f) Sun ………………………
Answer:
(a) A bee – teamwork and hard work
(b) An eagle – a strong vision/far-sightedness
(c) A creeper – perseverance
(d) The river – go with the flow/to face calamities
(e) Rainfall – dedication
(f) Sunlight up the lives of others/to give light and energy to others.

English Workshop:

1. Go through the text again and complete the web that highlights the various features of flower of ‘hibiscus’ plant. One is done for you.

Question 1.
Go through the text again and complete the web that highlights the various features of flower of ‘hibiscus’ plant. One is done for you.

Answer:

2. The writer explains the contrast features of ‘water’ and ‘rock’ in the text. Write all the features of both water and rock in the given table:

Question 1.
The writer explains the contrast features of ‘water’ and ‘rock’ in the text. Write all the features of both water and rock in the given table:

Answer:

Water	Rock
gentle	hard
command	gives in (humble)
flows over stone (perseverance)	takes the shape that water commands (obedient)

3. Impossible itself says ‘I M possible’. Do you agree? Justify your answer by citing some examples from the text and some that you have experienced or heard from someone.

Question 1.
Impossible itself says ‘I M possible’. Do you agree? Justify your answer by citing some examples from the text and some that you have experienced or heard from someone.
Answer:
Yes I agree, it is possible to do the most difficult of things, provided we have the will and conviction to do so. We can clearly know this from the passage. The bits of grass, the tree in the winter and the tiny ants, etc. are the examples from the passage.

The example that comes to my mind as justification is that of Sudha Chandran, the dancer. Though her leg was amputated below the knee, with great grit and determination, she restarted dancing and went on to become a famous dancer and actress. This shows that one can do things which seem to be impossible.

4. Find synonyms from the text for the following words/phrases.

Question 1.
Find synonyms from the text for the following words/phrases.
Answer:

1. a strong feeling of fear or respect – awe
2. to direct authoritatively – command
3. to peer through – peep
4. large and impressively beautiful – majestic
5. easily broken or damaged – delicate

5. How can you prove this maxim to be incorrect-’Too many cooks spoil the broth.’ Write a counterview on the given topic. (clue-teamwork)

Question 1.
How can you prove this maxim to be incorrect-’Too many cooks spoil the broth.’ Write a counterview on the given topic. (clue-teamwork)
Answer:
The maxim says when there are too many people involved in trying to do the same thing, the final result will not be good. But I believe that the teamwork is always good. We all know that unity is strength and it is of great value in every walk of life. If we come together and work, definitely our strength gets increased.

When there are a lot of people working on a project, then that project may not be completed to such a high standard because an individual can work better than many. It is the common perception of the people. But I think if a lot of people are working on a project, every one will use his talent, calibre, strength to take that project to higher level. So it will be completed on time with good standard.

Even when many cooks come together and try to make a single dish with their experience in different fields, it will become fantabulous. One dish will be prepared in variety of taste, colour and with varieties of combination. So it never gets spoiled. So I think the maxim too many cooks spoil the broth, is totally wrong in fact it adds flavour to that dish.

6. Make a list of all the words related to the word Ocean:

Question 1.
Make a list of all the words related to the word Ocean:
Answer:
Fishers, fish, salty, saline water, species, different water, high tide, low tide, pacific, gulf, bay, ships, pirates, piracy, warships, cruisers, oceanic currents.

7. The author has very positively described the different things in nature. Add the special features of each one of them:

Question 1.
The author has very positively described the different things in nature. Add the special features of each one of them. Add on the list.

Answer:

Part of Nature	Special feature	Value learnt
1. Water	It gently flows every day and for years.	Keep on working gently for the well-being of the people.
2. Rainbow	Beauty	Add colours to the surroundings, make all happy.
3. Caterpillar	Sacrifice for creating new life.	Changing (turning) for better results.
4. Hibiscus	one day life.	We should live our life to its fullest.
5. Rocks	Though hard, it does not dominate or offer resistance.	Be humble and stay still and endure unpleasant things without complaining.
6. Grass	Evergreen	There is always an opening even when the things seem to be impossible.
7. Tree	Stands firmly in cold winter.	Wait resolutely in difficult times.
8. Ants	Organized	Teamwork and perseverance are always rewarded.
9. The wind	Flow	Make people happy with your activities and passion.
10. Spider webs	Delicate	Be strong in every situation and difficulty.

8. Your friend has his board exam. He studies for 14 hours a day, sitting at one place. Write a letter to him giving him tips to relax and be stress-free.

Question 1.
Your friend has his board exam. He studies for 14 hours a day, sitting at one place. Write a letter to him giving him tips to relax and be stress free.
Answer:
Vikas Shinde
16, Malhar Sankul,
Hadapsar,
Pune,
12th Jan., 2021.

Dear Mahesh,

I received a call from aunty telling about your preparations for forthcoming board examinations. I am shocked to hear that you study for 14 to 15 hours a day sitting at one place. I don’t understand how do you bear it?

You might have heard about “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” It means without time off from work a person becomes both bored and dull. I know the board’s exams are around the corner, but if you work as usual with your tension, anxiety and pressure, it is going to be harmful to your health. Our body is not a machine. It needs some rest. It’s my advice to you to take some rest after certain l intervals. Watch T.V. for sometime, listen to music to refresh your mind, chat with your family members and friends, play with your friends. It will refresh your mind.

Take a break after 2-3 hours and give essential time to your mind and body. It will be good for you. I know you are a scholar and always get good marks in exam. But it doesn’t mean that you should ignore your health. Health is wealth. So concentrate on it, too. Hope you will try to understand what I mean to say and follow my tips rigorously.

Convey my regards to uncle and aunt and love to little Riya. Be in touch on mobile.

Your loving friend,
Vikas

9. You have an Environment Protection Week to be celebrated in your school. You have invited an environmentalist. You have to interview him/her about how to save environment. Frame about 10-12 questions for the interview.

Question 1.
You have an Environment Protection Week to be celebrated in your school. You have invited an environmentalist. You have to interview him/her about how to save environment. Frame about 10-12 questions for the interview.
Answer:
Good morning Sir/Madam. Happy to see you here in our school. I welcome you on behalf of our school.

1. Will you please tell us about your work in this field?
2. Were you really interested in this field from the beginning?
3. As an environmentalist, when did you start your work? What exactly do you do?
4. What do you think about diminishing percentage of trees and forest?
5. What is your ‘end of the world prediction’, If we don’t keep global temperature below 1.5°C?
6. What do you think the Government should do?
7. What will you tell the people who do not believe in widely discussed climate change?
8. Being a citizen of our country, what do you expect from every citizen about this intense problem?
9. If there’s one thing that everyone could do today to help protect the environment, what would that be?
10. What advice would you give to young generation at this moment?

10. Write a news report on ‘Environment Day’ celebrated in your school.

Question 1.
Write a news report on ‘Environment Day’ celebrated in your school.
Answer:
Environment Day Celebrations

Nagpur, June 7: ‘World Environment Day’ was celebrated in New Era School with great funfare on June 5. The main purpose of the celebration was to spread awareness among people and students about the need to protect the environment and the ways to do it.

The day was flagged off by a tree plantation drive in the locality. 300 quick-growing trees, which do not need much water on a daily basis, were planted near the school compound wall and in the surrounding area. An eminent environmentalist, Mr. A. T. Ali, spoke on the ways to protect the environment. He also judged the ‘Posters and Photographs’ exhibition organized by the school students and gave away prizes for the best entries.

Environment-friendly articles, like disposable plates and cups made from bamboo and banana stem, bags made from leaf wastes, etc. were on sale. Students gave continuous power-point presentations on the threats to the environment. Last but not the least, was the spirited debate on the topic. ‘Man: The worst enemy of the Environment’.

All in all, the day was a great success, and has certainly made a difference to the way people view our environment.

11. Develop a story with the given ending. Give a suitable title and moral.

Question 1.
Develop a story with the given ending. Give a suitable title and moral.
……………….. and so, Aditi decided to plant more trees.
Answer:
Save trees, save earth

It was the world earth day celebration in Aditi’s school. Aditi was attending it with a least interest as she was not interested in listening to such a boring subject from anybody. She was sitting forcefully for the guest’s lecture with her friends.

The chief guest, who was a renowned environmentalist started with a good slogan based on the earth and emphasised that the earth is the only known planet in this universe where we get all the necessary requisites of life, but the healthy survival is possible for years and years only when we take care and love our earth. Aditi suddenly became curious and started listening with apt attention.

He continued saying “because of the advancement in the life style, industrialization and deforestation; the condition of the earth is deteriorating day by day. It is being full of pollution, global warming and greenhouse gases. There is an urgent need to save our earth because it is the planet where we live. We need to do nothing more in order to maintain the greenery of the earth.

We just need to plant more trees, grow them well, to reduce the pollution level, to maintain the temperature level and to save our mother planet. We should understand our responsibility towards our mother earth and the future of the next generations. As they would not survive on this earth if there will not be a clean and natural climate.”

Aditi realised it and thought a lot and decided to take a positive step very seriously to save the earth. She thought seriously over the solution and that was planting more and more trees. She decided to create awareness among the people as well. She told everyone…

Save earth; save life
No earth… No life
No earth, No birth
Plant trees, Save mother earth

She understood that there will be no human beings on this earth if there will be no trees. If we have to save our lives, we have to plant more and more trees. So, Aditi decided to plant many trees after listening to that effective lecture of the chief, guest.

12. Just for laughs!

Question 1.
Divide the class into two groups : On 12 to 15 slips of paper, Group A writes 12 to 15 conditional clauses beginning with ‘if’.
(For example: If I work hard, I shall have a pizza. (Group B write 12 to 15 main clauses)
Now one student from Group ‘A’ reads the first conditional clause (possibility) and one student from Group ‘B’ reads the first main clause. It forms crazy sentences, just for laughter and fun. Enjoy.
Answer:

Group ‘A’	Group ‘B’
1. If I read a book,	my mother will shout at me.
2. If I do not study hard,	I will become the chief minister.
3. If you do not come to school,	teacher will come to your home.
4. If she gets a new mobile	she will run away from her home.
5. If the boys get freedom in the class,	they will keep silence in the class.

Language Study

Question 1.
Match the pairs of antonyms:

Answer:

1. gentle × hard
2. impossible × possible
3. colossal × small
4. short × long
5. difficult × easy
6. delicate × strong

Question 2.
Complete the table:

Answer:

Noun	Verb	Adjectives	Adverb
strongness, strength	strengthen	strong	strongly
passion	×	passionate	passionately
change	change	changeable	×
organization	organize	organizational	organizationally

Live English

Be a Netizen

Question (a)
Read the extract and underline the words which suggest that emails are fast, cheap and an easy communication tool.
Answer:
Email stands for electronic mail. Slowly and gradually email has replaced the old postal mails or snail mails. Having an email address is like having a postal address in a global village of internet. If you do not have one, you do not exist in today’s virtual world.

The reasons for popularity of emails are many. Emails can be achieved, saved, retrieved. Email is eco-friendly as people rarely take printouts of the mails. The main reason is its ease of access as anybody can access it on phone at the cost of cheap internet, anytime, anywhere.

Email writing is easy but it’s different from writing text messages. Text message is informal and rapid sharing of thoughts between two acquaintances. Emails are written and read by professionals, however, both arrive in inbox.

Like a citizen has his own home address, let’s sign up for the email and be a netizen. There are many free email service providers like Google, Yahoo, Outlook, Rediff, icloud, etc.

Question (b)
Follow these five simple steps to write an effective email. Click Compose to start writing email.
Answer:
Steps for Writing a Formal E-Mail:
1. Begin with a greeting.
Example: ‘Dear Sunil”, “Dear Sir/Madam”
2. Thank the recipient.
If you are replying, say Thank you for contacting”, If you got a reply, say Thank you for your prompt reply”
3. State your purpose.
For new email, begin by saying “I am writing in reference to..”
4. Add your closing remarks.
Example: Thank You for…”, I look forward to hearing from you.”
5. End with a closing.
Example: “Best Regards, Sincerely, Thanks and Regards etc.,”

Steps for sending an email:

Question 1.
Steps for sending an email:
1. Write proper mail ID in ‘To’
2. Use a short and accurate ‘subject’ line.
3. Click ‘Send’ button to send the email.
Answer:
1. Log in to your gmail account so that you are on the dashboard (main page) of your mail account.
2. Click ‘Compose’.
3. A new blank email window will open up in the
‘To’ box, type in the email address of the recipient.
4. Write the ‘Subject’.
5. Type your message in the main body field of your email.
6. Click the ‘Send’ button at the bottom of the composed window.
7. You will receive a message i.e. ‘Sent mail’.

Question (c)
Read the following sample email formats and prepare your own.
Sample Email formats
Answer:

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 3.5 The Alchemy of Nature Additional Important Questions and Answers

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Complete the following web: (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

Question 2.
State whether the following are True or False:
Answer:

1. On the rocky beach the writer found rocks curved and sculpted by the water – True
2. When we listen to the Nature, it leaves us in complete awe. – True
3. We should not live our life to its fullest. – False
4. The water was shaped by the rocks. – False

Question 3.
Choose the correct alternatives and complete the following sentences :
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
1. In the cold winter month, the tree was bare of all leaves.
(a) full
(b) withdrew
(c) bare
(d) short

2. We find innumerable stars in the infinite sky.
(a) clouds
(b) crowds
(c) stars
(d) moons.

3. There is always an opening even in impossible things.
(a) opening
(b) closing
(c) enjoying
(d) singing

4. Water without hint of ego, changes its form according to the dictates of the sun and the wind.
(a) the earth
(b) the sun
(c) the moon
(d) the horizon.

Question 4.
State who/what:
Answer:

1. Colours the entire sky. – Rainbow
2. Takes new shapes with every passing moment, – Clouds
3. Makes trees dance. – The wind
4. Changes its form according to the dictates of the sun and the wind. – Water

Question 5.
State whether you Agree or Disagree with the following statements:
Answer:

1. ‘There is always an opening even in impossible things’-we learn it from small bits of grass. – Agree
2. Our difficult time never changes. – Disagree
3. The team work and perseverance of the ants were impressive. – Agree
4. Clouds take new shapes with every passing moment. – Agree

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Complete the following sentences: (Answer is directly given.)
Answer:

1. Hibiscus flower smiles with the sun and dances with the wind.
2. ‘However short our life is, we should live to its fullest’ is the lesson we learn from the hibiscus plant.
3. The rock on the beach was curved, sculpted and shaped.
4. The poet William Blake tells us to hold infinity in the palm of our hand and eternity in an hour.

Question 2.
Complete the following web: (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

Question 3.
Who teaches us that hard times do not 1 last forever? How?
Answer:
Bits of grass peeping through small cracks in concrete pavement and the green leaves on a tree in spring teach us that hard times do not last forever.

The grass is destroyed by the concrete but comes to life again. The tree is bare all through the cold winter months, but when the spring sets in, it is full of leaves, regaining its green majesty.

Question 4.
What are the alchemies of nature mentioned in the extract?
Answer:
The alchemies of nature mentioned in the extract are-

1. Grass peeps through small cracks of a concrete pavement.
2. A rainbow colours the entire sky.
3. Oysters take in a grain of sand they open up with a pearl.
4. Innumerable stars shine across the infinite sky.
5. The wind makes trees dance with unhindered passion.
6. A caterpillar turns into a butterfly.

Activities based on Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Match the pairs of antonyms.
Answer:
1. remember × forget
2. persist × quit

Question 2.
Find out synonyms from the text for the following words/phrases:
Answer:
1. mysterious power – alchemy
2. drag with great efforts – lugging

Question 3.
Frame meaningful sentences by using the given words:
1. impressive
2. passion
Answer:
1.The show put up by the street children was really impressive.
2. One could see the passion and emotion in the artist’s work.

Question 4.
Find from the passage the antonyms of:
Answer:

1. weak × strong
2. easy × difficult
3. hot × cold
4. unimpressive × impressive

Activities based on Contextual Grammar:

1. Frame Wh-questions to get the underlined parts as answers:

Question 1.
The flower comes to life only for a day.
Answer:
How long does the flower come to life?

Question 2.
We saw the spread of the majestic ocean.
Answer:
What did we see of the majestic ocean?

Use ‘not only……….but also’.

Question 1.
Outdoor activities enhance and relax our well-being.
Answer:
Outdoor activities not only enhance but also relax our well-being.

Question 2.
Nature whispers and commands.
Answer:
Nature not only whispers but also commands.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Explain the line ‘Nature whispers and commands.
Answer:
Nature is continually enticing us to spend time in her embrace; through the calling of birds, the babbling of brooks and streams, the fragrance of flowers and the whispers of trees as the wind blows through their branches. It commands us not to go against it otherwise it will curse us.

Question 2.
The rock is hard but is it dominating? Give reason for your answer.
Answer:
Even though the rock is hard, it is not dominating. I think water is stronger than rocks. It wears down the hard rock by its gentle patience, persistence and perseverance. Rock takes the shape that water commands. It shows that it is not dominating like water whereas it is ready to accept any change.

Question 3.
How can learning from nature help human beings?
Answer:

1. Limitless sky with trillions of galaxies reminds us how insignificant we humans are in this vast universe.
2. Water always flows from high to low in the same way knowledge should be transferred from the learned to ignorant.
3. Trees provide shade selflessly to everyone, we should be selfless in our life too.
4. Nature does not hurry; yet everything is accomplished.
5. Trees stand deeply rooted in the ground even though seasons change. We should face any difficulty in our life with patience.

Question 4.
‘Nature is our best teacher’ – Explain.
OR
According to the writer we learn many things from the nature. Do you agree with this sentence? Support your answer.
Answer:
Nature is a great teacher. No wonder our ancestors used to look up to nature to understand about life itself. The things like the sun, moon, trees, rivers, etc. all were treated as divine beings. We learn a lot from them and they teach us a lot about how to live happy life. Divinity exists in all aspects of life. When we are aware of ourselves, we become aware of God in everything big or small. We then learn to live life well and become complete. So Nature is always treated as our best teacher.

Do as directed:

Question 1.
Complete the words by using correct letters:

1. d a _ c e
2. s h _ p e
3. f r u _ t
4. b i _ d s

Answer:

1. d a n c e
2. s h a p e
3. f r u i t
4. b i r d s

Question 2.
Put the words in alphabetical order:
1. splendour, colossal, alchemy, frail
2. consistent, caterpillar, command, complete.
Answer:
1. alchemy, colossal, frail, splendour.
2. caterpillar, command, complete, consistent

Question 3.
Punctuate the following sentences :
1. I asked my teachers why is he working outside
2. he asked me is the world so poor that it cannot give me a toy and a book, instead of forcing me to take a gun or a tool
Answer:
1. I asked my teachers, “Why is he working outside?”
2. He asked me, “Is the world so poor that it cannot give me a toy and a book, instead of forcing me to take a gun or a tool?”

Question 4.
Make four words each (minimum 3 letters) using the letters in the given word: “perseverance”
Answer:

1. reserve
2. presence
3. peer
4. seven

Question 5.
Write related words as shown in the example:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 6.
Complete the word-chain of ‘Nouns’. Add four words, each beginning with the last letter of ‘ the previous word:
Pavement, → t……….., ……….., ……….., ………..
Answer:
Pavement, → treasure, editor, roughness, sheep.

1. Attempt anyone:

Question (a)
Make a meaningful sentence by using the phrase: ‘in full splendour’
Answer:
The morning sun appeared in the sky, in its full splendour.

OR

Question (b)
Add a clause to expand the following sentence meaningfully: we saw a small tree …………….
Answer:
We saw a small tree which was full of flowers and fruits.

2. Attempt anyone:

Question (a)
Add prefix or suffix to make new words.
1. continue
2. pleasant
Answer:
1. discontinue, continuous
2. unpleasant, pleasantly

OR

Question (b)
Make a meaningful sentence using any one of the following words:
1. continue
2. pleasant
Answer:
1. This exhibition will continue till the end of this month.
2. The pleasant atmosphere in the morning attracts many birds.

Question 3.
Do as directed:
We saw an army of ants. (Choose the correct sentence of passive voice.)
(a) An army of ants was seen by us.
(b) An army of ants were seen by us
(c) An army of ants is seen by us.
(d) An army of ants are seen by us.
Answer:
(a) An army of ants was seen by us.

Question 4.
We touch it. (Rewrite the sentence in ‘Past Perfect Tense.)
Answer:
We had touched it.

Question 5.
Identify the tenses:
Answer:

1. We saw an army of ants – Simple Past Tense
2. We experience the alchemy of nature – Simple Present Tense
3. It will not remain so for ever – Simple Future Tense
4. Ants were lugging a fly. – Past Continuous Tense

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 2.6 World Heritage Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 2.6 World Heritage

My English Coursebook Standard Ten Guide Chapter 2.6 World Heritage Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up!

Chit-chat:

1. I can talk about the world:
Form groups of 6 to 8 students. Each group should select any one Continent and share the following information about each.
1. Important cities
2. Sight-seeing places of tourist interest
3. Food speciality-cuisine
4. Wild life
5. Different types of region and vegetation.
6. Human life.
Now each group representative from the previously formed groups, should narrate the information to the class, using proper attractive sentences.

Question 1.
I can talk about the world:
Form groups of 6 to 8 students. Each group should select any one Continent and share the following information about each.

1. Important cities
2. Sight-seeing places of tourist interest
3. Food specialty-cuisine
4. Wild life
5. Different types of region and vegetation.
6. Human life.

Now each group representative from the previously formed groups, should narrate the information to the class, using proper attractive sentences.
Answer:
1. Important cities:
Mumbai, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Singapore, Dubai

2. Sight-seeing places of tourist interest:
Taj Mahal, Great Wall of China, Mount Fuji, Burj Khalifa etc.

3. Food speciality-cuisine:
Indian, Chinese, Middle-eastern

4. Wild life:
Tigers are naturally found in India. Panda’s are native to China.

5. Different types of region and vegetation:
Asia is blessed with a variety of regions including mountains, desserts, meadows, oceans etc. Some of the main crops grown in Asia are rice, grains, pulses, spices etc.

6. Human life:
Being the biggest continent in the world, Asia has diverse culture and each region within the continent have their own languages, festivals, religions etc.

2. Prepare a Travel Brochure or leaflet of your native place or any town/historical place/hill station to attract tourist using the points below.

Answer:
Tourist Place: Koihapur
How to reach there?

• Nearest Railway Station: Chhatrapati Shahumaharaj Terminus (Koihapur)
• Nearest Air Port: Chhatrapati Rajaram Maharaj Airport, Kothapur Domestic Airport.
• Nearest Bus Stand: S.T. stand, Koihapur. Local transport is available.

Top five spots to visit: Mahalaxmi Temple, Panhala Fort, Rankala Lake, Maharaja Palace, Chhatrapati Shahumaharaj Museum, Gandharva Resort and Amusement Park.

Special features of these spots:

• Mahalaxmi Temple: Holy seat of Amba Mata.
• Rankala Lake: Famous for its beauty.
• Maharaj Palace: Magnificent structure of Chhatrapati Shahumaharaj’s palace, Indo-British architecture.
• Maharaj Museum: Great collections of historical period.
• Gandharva Resort and Amusement Park: Pleasant and attractive, beautiful site with amusing games.

Mouth-watering /special cuisines: Delightful tasty non-veg food, Pandhara Rassa, Tambda Rassa, Kothapur Misal/Bhel, Mohak lassi,
Davangiri Dosa, etc.

Other nearby sight-seeing spots: Panhala Fort, Kanheri Math, Radhanagari, Wildlife sanctuary.
For Further details contact
Vikas Tours & Travels
Mob.: 98xxxxxx34
email: vikastt@rmail.com

English Workshop:

1. Write the importance of the years given below, with reference to World Heritage Sites.

Question 1.
Write the importance of the years given below, with reference to World Heritage Sites.

Answer:

Year	Importance
1959	UNESCO launched an International campaign to protect temples and artifacts.
1965	White House Conference in United States called for a ‘World Heritage Trust’.
1968	The International Union for Conservation of Nature similar goals and presented them at the United Nations Conference on Human Environment.
1972	The Convention Concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage was adopted by UNESCO’s General Conference.
2009	890 World Heritage Sites were located in 148 countries.

2. Name the following.

Question 1.
(a) The country where Mount Huangshan is situated ……………………
(b) The famous dam in Egypt on River Nile …………………..
(c) The place where the conference based on Human Environment was held …………………..
(d) The country in which the highest number of World Heritage Sites are ……………………
(e) The body which can exclude a site from World Heritage list ……………………
Answer:
(a) The country where Mount Huangshan is situated in – China
(b) The famous dam in Egypt on River Nile – Anwan High Dam
(c) The place where the conference based on Human Environment was held – Stockholm, Sweden.
(d) The country in which the highest number of World Heritage Sites are – Italy
(e) The body which can exclude a site from World Heritage list – World Heritage Committee.

3. Complete the following sentences.

Question 1.
Complete the following sentences.
(a) The World Heritage Sites include ……………….. .
(b) There are around ……………. World Heritage Sites in the world.
(c) The Role of World Heritage Committee is ………………. .
(d) The tenure of World Heritage Committee is ……………… .
(e) We can get more information about World Heritage Sites from its …………………. .
Answer:
(a) The World Heritage Sites include cultural and natural areas.
(b) There are around 890 World Heritage Sites in the world.
(c) The Role of World Heritage Committee is to be responsible for establishing which sites will be listed as a UNESCO World heritage site.
(d) The tenure of World Heritage Committee is six years.
(e) We can get more information about World Heritage Sites from its website at whc.unesco.org.

4. Complete the following Web by giving reasons why World Heritage Sites are in danger.

Question 1.
Complete the following Web by giving reasons why World Heritage Sites are in danger.

Answer:

5. Answer in your own words:

Question a.
What are our duties towards preservation of any historical site?
Answer:
Historical sites like forts, monuments, palaces, etc. are our national heritage. They have stood all the vagaries of time and weather and are on the verge of losing their splendour. It is our duty to preserve them carefully. When you visit these places don’t spoil their beauty and grandeur by scratching, writing and carving names and making them look ugly and dirty. We must renovate them with the help of the residence in the area or NGOs. We should persuade and insist the government to take complete responsibility of preserving them as their foremost duty.

Question b.
Why should we preserve the World Heritage Sites?
Answer:
Our ancestors all over the world have bestowed upon us the spectacular, wonderful monuments, structures and sculptures, etc. They are the wonders of arts and architectures. The whole world feels proud of these ancestral treasures. They remind us of the past glory, art, culture and great, glorious memorials. They will continue to inspire us and give knowledge of patient and prolonged human endeavours such as the Taj Mahal, Ajanta Caves, Pyramids, China’s Great Wall and many other majestic structures. So, we must preserve them with utmost care.

Question c.
What is the role of World Heritage Sites in promoting tourism in any country?
Answer:
The ‘World Heritage Sites’ plays a very important role in promoting tourism in countries like India. The organisation is responsible, with the country’s contribution, for preserving the site and if required restore it, providing funds. If the site retains its original grandeur, splendour and beauty, flocks of passionate tourists from all over the world are sure to visit the site. Naturally, tourism of the site will flourish and it also will provide employment.

6. Read the following duties towards preservation of any historical site and make sentences about each of our duties.

• Obey rules and regulations – Visitors must obey the rules and regulations, displayed at the Entrance.
• Maintain discipline and order
• Maintain cleanliness
• Use dustbins and garbage bags
• Observe silence
• Maintain environmental safety
• Protect our country’s history/heritage.

Question 1.
Read the following duties towards preservation of any historical site and make sentences about each of our duties.

• Obey rules and regulations – Visitors must obey the rules and regulations, displayed at the Entrance.
• Maintain discipline and order
• Maintain cleanliness
• Use dustbins and garbage bags
• Observe silence
• Maintain environmental safety
• Protect our country’s history/heritage.

Answer:

• Obey rules and regulations – Visitors must obey the rules and regulations, displayed at the Entrance.
• Maintain discipline and order – All visitors must maintain discipline and order in the place.
• Maintain cleanliness – They should maintain cleanliness in the area.
• Use dustbins and garbage bags – They must use dustbins and garbage bags for throwing leftovers.
• Observe silence – Visitors must observe complete silence at the site.
• Maintain environmental safety – They should maintain environment safety for their own safety.
• Protect our country’s history/heritage – It is our duty to protect our countries historical heritage.

7. Complete the following flow – chart by choosing from the options given below to show how any site of any country can become a World Heritage Site.

Question 1.
Complete the following flow – chart by choosing from the options given below to show how any site of any country can become a World Heritage Site.

1. Inclusion of the name of a site from the tentative list to the nomination file.
2. Name of the site is inscribed on the World Heritage list after meeting the criteria.
3. Inclusion of the name of site for the nomination in a tentative list after an inventory in the country or the state.
4. Decision of the World Heritage Committee after review of the nominated file.
5. A review of the file included by the advisory bodies.

Answer:

8. Match the pairs to defme different roles of the World Heritage Sites.

Question 1.
Match the pairs to defme different roles of the World Heritage Sites.

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Identify cultural and natural sites	(b) of outstanding universal value across countries.
2. Identify sites of	(h) special importance for everyone.
3. Identify sites that represent	(g) best examples of world’s cultural and/or natural heritage.
4. UNESCO seeks to	(c) preserve outstanding sites and natural resources.
5. World Heritage Sites should have	(i) relevant development plan policies.
6. World Heritage Site should	(f) protect these sites.
7. World Heritage Site serve as	(e) an asset for economic development and investment.
8. World Heritage Site should ensure	(a) green, local based, stable and decent jobs.
9. It should at large develop	(d) tourism.

9. Do you know the difference between
Refer to a dictionary/encyclopedia/reference books/website/google search to get the detailed meaning.

Question 1.
Do you know the difference between:

• World heritage.
• Cultural heritage.

Refer to a dictionary/encyclopedia/reference books/website/google search to get the detailed meaning.
Answer:
World Heritage: As per UNESCO, World Heritage is the designation for places on Earth that are of outstanding universal value to humanity and as such, have been inscribed on the World Heritage List to be protected for future generations to appreciate and enjoy.

Cultural Heritage: Cultural Heritage means elements of great human value and creation. These could be tangible or intangible cultural heritage. Tangible Cultural Heritage include paintings, coins, sculptures, monuments, shipwrecks ruins, archaeological sites etc. Intangible Cultural Heritage can include traditions, performance arts, rituals etc.

10. Following are the ways to preserve ‘World Heritage Sites.’ Transfer these points into a small paragraph. Suggest a suitable title.

• Practical conservation of posterity
• Humanlanimal trespassing
• Unmonitored/uncontrolled/unrestricted access
• Threat of local administrative negligence

Question 1.
Following are the ways to preserve ‘World Heritage Sites.’ Transfer these points into a small paragraph. Suggest a suitable title.

• Practical conservation of posterity
• Humanlanimal trespassing
• Unmonitored/uncontrolled/unrestricted access
• Threat of local administrative negligence

Answer:
Preserving ‘World Heritage Sites’ for Future Generations Let us be sensible and practical to preserve our World Heritage Sites for future generations. It depends on well-organized and well-managed plan, The plan should be skillfully monitored and implemented to the details. It is the responsibility of the country where it is situated. So it is our national duty to protect or restore the Heritage Sites.

To maintain the original, natural characteristics of the site we must take utmost care and prevent them from being lost, damaged or destroyed. We must use funds and resources allocated by our state and the World Heritage Fund for mending and repairing work. Many a times, human and animal trespassing damage, deface and make them ugly and insecure.

Their activities and disturbances should be controlled and restricted to retain their natural beauty and grandeur. Buildings, structures, historical monuments and natural beauty should be taken care of.

In many cases, the local administrators are lethargic and they are responsible for the damages. The administrative apathy and negligence are the threats to our Heritage sites. Strict actions should be taken against them for their neglect to protect the sites.
Everyone of us, who visit the sites, should have a sense of national pride in preserving our World Heritage sites for the sake of our future generations.

11. Find from the text minimum 8 words related to cultural heritage and make a word register. Arrange them in an alphabetical order: 

Question 1.
Find from the text minimum 8 words related to cultural heritage and make a word register. Arrange them in an alphabetical order:
Answer:
Words related to cultural heritage:

1. temples
2. culture
3. literature
4. artefacts
5. sites
6. territory
7. monuments
8. art

Alphabetical order: art, artefacts, culture, literature, monuments, sites, temples, territory.

13. Rewrite the following sentences using ‘not only but also’ and ‘as well as’ in 2 seperate sentences.

Question i.
UNESCO and the International Council on monuments initiated a draft convention to create an international organisation responsible for protecting cultural heritage.
Answer
1. Not only UNESCO but also the international council on monuments initiated a draft convention to create an international organisation responsible for protecting cultural heritage.
2. UNESCO as well as the International council on monuments initiated a draft convention to create an international organisation responsible for protecting cultural heritage.

Question ii.
The state parties are responsible for identifying and nominating new sites.
Answer
1. The State Parties are responsible not only for identifying but also for nominating new sites.
2. The State Parties are responsible for identifying as well as nominating new sites.

Question iii.
Opera House in Australia and the Historic Center of Vienna in Austria are cultural sites of World Heritage.
Answer
1. Not only Opera House in Australia but also the Historic Center of Vienna in Austria are cultural sites of the World Heritage.
2. Opera House in Australia as well as the Historic Center of Vienna in Austria are cultural sites of the World Heritage.

Question iv.
World Heritage Sites can be a combination of both cultural and natural areas.
Answer
1. World Heritage Sites can be a combination of not only cultural but also natural areas.
2. World Heritage Sites can be a combination of cultural as well as natural areas.

Question v.
To protect the temples and artifacts. UNESCO launched an international campaign.
Answer
1. To protect not only the temples but also artifacts, UNESCO launched an international campaign.
2. To protect the temples as well as artifacts, UNESCO launched an international campaign.

14. Rewrite the following sentences replacing ‘as soon as’ by ‘No sooner than.’
(Note: The phrase, ‘No sooner’ must always be followed by an auxiliary
(helping verb).
For example : As soon as he came, they all gave an applause.
No sooner did he come, than all gave an applause.
(a) As soon as the Bill is passed, it will become an Act.
(b) As soon as the thief escaped, the family informed the police.
(c) As soon as you have finished, you can submit your answer – papers.
(d) As soon as they can manage, they should change their house.
(e) As soon as the bell will ring, the School Assembly will start.

Question 1.
Rewrite the following sentences replacing ‘as soon as’ by ‘No sooner… than…’
(a) As soon as the Bill is passed, it will become an Act.
(b) As soon as the thief escaped, the family informed the police.
(c) As soon as you have finished, you can submit your answer-papers.
(d) As soon as they can manage, they should change their house.
(e) As soon as the bell will ring, the School Assembly will start.
Answer:
(a) No sooner is the Bill passed than it will become an Act.
(b) No sooner did the thief escape than the family informed the police.
(c) No sooner have you finished than you can submit your answer papers.
(d) No sooner can they manage than they should change their house.
(e) No sooner will the bell ring than the School Assembly will start.

15. Prepare a ‘tourism leaflet’ on any one of the following. (You may refer to the points given in Warming Up.)
(A) Your Home Town
(B) A Historical Place
(C) A Place of Natural Beauty
(D) A Place of Pilgrimage

Question 1.
Prepare a ‘tourism leaflet’ on any one of the following. (You may refer to the points given in Warming Up.)
(A) Your Home Town
(B) A Historical Place
(C) A Place of Natural Beauty
(D) A Place of Pilgrimage
Answer:
(उत्तराकरिता Warming Up! मधील Kolhapur विषयी दिलेले पर्यटन माहितीपत्रक पाहा.)

16.Project :

Question a.
Make a list of sites from our State that are included in the World Heritage Sites. Try to visit one of them. Write the importance of that World Heritage Site. Also write your impression of it in your notebook.

Live English:

Question a.
Making PowerPoint Presentation:
Answer:

Question b.
Rearrange the following steps of creating a PowerPoint slide in proper sequence:
(Answers is directly given.)
Answer:

1. Open Microsoft PowerPoint.
2. Click ‘New’ to create Blank Presentation.
3. Add New Slide from Home menu.
4. Click to add Text and Title in the slide.
5. Add Pictures by clicking ‘Insert’ button.
6. Resize your pictures or graphics.
7. Add effects from “Transition” menu.
8. Add New slide from Home menu.
9. Save your slide and start slide show from the beginning.

Question c.
Follow the slide Handout on ‘Types of Sentences’ given on coursebook page No. 85. Create similar slide Handout on any one of given topics:

1. pollution
2. Modes of Transport
3. Our Solar System
4. The United Nations

Question d.
Tips for writing an effective Slide Handout
Answer:

1. Begin with writing a Title and name of presenter on the Slide 1.
2. Write points you want to explain in main bullet points in the Slide 2.
3. Give meanings, definitions and exanples in bullet points.
4. Use aphoristic style of language, give only main points.
5. Give your contact number and email ID for feedback towards the en)

Question e.
Tips for making an effective Power point Presentation
Answer:

1. While speaking, show your passion and use positive body gestures.
2. Start strongly try to connect with your audience using propertone.
3. Keep it simple: concentrate on your core message.
4. Smile and make eye contact with your audience.
5. Conclude on positive note.

Question f.
The 10/20/30 rule of Power Point
Answer:
( If you are notfamiliarwith the 10/20/30 Ruleof PowerPoint created way back in 2005 by Guy Kawasaki, here’s how it goes:
“The most effective Power Poin t presentations should
containno more than lOslides,
Iastno longer than 20 minutes,
and feature fontno smaller than 30 points.”

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 2.6 World Heritage Additional Important Questions and Answers

Read the following passage and do the activities:

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Name the following:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
i. The International World Heritage Programme is administered by – The UNESCO WORLD Heritage Committee
ii. The Nile valley contains many ancient – Egyptian artifacts.

Question 2.
Complete the following sentences:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
A draft convention was started for creating an international organization responsible for protecting cultural heritage.

Question 3.
Name the following:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
State parties are elected by the World Heritage Centre’s General Assembly.

Question 4.
Complete the following sentences:
(Answers are directly given and underlined)
Answer:

1. The role of World Heritage Committee is to list the sites as – a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
2. The tenure of World Heritage Committee is – six years.
3. The World Heritage Committee consists of representatives from – 21 State Parties.

Question 5.
Complete the following sentences:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. The inventory of the State Party is called the Tentative List.
2. Tentative List is included on the Nomination File.
3. Two advisory bodies make recommendations to the World Heritage Committee.
4. When the site is chosen it also becomes considered within the international community.
5. 25 of the World Heritage Sites are considered mixed.

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Complete the web:
(Answer is directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 2.
Why did UNESCO launch an international campaign in 1959?
Answer:
Egypt started plans to build the Aswan High Dam to collect and control water from the Nile River. The dam’s construction would have flooded the Nile valley containing the Abu Simbel Temples and many of ancient Egyptian artefacts. To protect the temples and the artefacts UNESCO launched an international campaign in 1959.

Question 3.
Complete the web:
(Answer is directly given.)
answer:

Question 4.
Why did a White House Conference in the United States call for a ‘World Heritage Trust’?
Answer:
A White House Conference in the United States called for a ‘World Heritage Trust’ to protect historic cultural sites and also for protecting the world’s significant natural and scenic sites.

Question 5.
What measures are taken about the World Heritage Sites that are in danger?
Answer:
The World Heritage Committee first prepares a separate list of sites that are in danger. The World Heritage Committee allocates resources from the World Heritage Fund to that site to restore it. In addition, different plans are put into place to protect and/or restore the site. However, if a site loses its characteristics which allowed it to be originally included on the World Heritage List, the World Heritage Committee can delete the site from the list.

Activities based on Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Look at the words and their meanings. Underline the correct alternatives:
(Answers are directly underlined.)
Answer:
(i) determine:
(a) think over
(b) decide
(c) ask for
(d) look over

(ii) monument:
(a) statue
(b) pillar
(c) memorial building
(d) fort

(iii) significant:
(a) clever
(b) effective
(c) systematic
(d) important

(iv) disaster:
(a) problem
(b) incident
(c) calamity
(d) accident

Question 2.
Find from the passage adjective forms for the following:

1. culture
2. history
3. nature
4. significance

Answer:

1. cultural
2. historical
3. natural
4. significant

Question 3.
Write the long form of ‘UNESCO’.
Answer:
United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation.

Question 4.
Write from the passage nouns for the following:

1. present
2. protect
3. conserve
4. include

Answer:

1. presentation
2. protection
3. conservation
4. inclusion

Question 5.
Write the list of adjectives from the passage.
Answer:
historic, cultural, significant, natural, scenic, international, similar, general, main, responsible, six.

Question 6.
Match the words in Column ‘A’ with their meanings in Column ‘B’:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. inventory	(a) fixed basis to judge
2. territory	(b) suggestions
3. criteria	(c) region
4. recommendations	(d) a written list of material

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. inventory	(d) a written list of material
2. territory	(c) region
3. criteria	(a) fixed basis to judge
4. recommendations	(b) suggestions

Question 7.
Find from the passage the antonyms for the following:

1. exclude
2. artificial
3. insignificant
4. final

Answer:

1. exclude × include
2. artificial × natural
3. insignificant × significant
4. final × tentative

Question 8.
Find out opposites from the passage for the following:
Answer:

1. artificial × natural
2. lowest × highest
3. exclude × include
4. safe × danger

Question 9.
Find from the passage the nouns of the following :

1. locate
2. urbanize
3. pollute
4. add

Answer:

1. locate – location
2. urbanize – urbanization
3. pollute – pollution
4. add – addition

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Why do you like to visit tourist spots?
Answer:
I like to visit some tourist spots not only for comfort and relaxation but for expanding my knowledge and for knowing our culture, history and glory of the past. They enhance our knowledge, vision of life and enlighten your intelligence. These visits give us true education of life and soothe our minds.

Activity-based on Contextual Grammar:

Rewrite the sentences using ‘not only….but also’ and ‘as well as’ in two separate sentences:

Question 1.
A White House Conference called for a ‘World Heritage Trust’ to protect historic cultural sites and the world’s significant natural and scenic sites.
Answer:
i. A White House Conference called for a ‘World Heritage Trust’ to protect not only historic cultural sites but also the world’s significant natural and scenic sites.
ii. A White House Conference called for a ‘World Heritage Trust’ to protect historical cultural sites as well as the world’s significant natural and scenic sites.

Question 2.
Write the following sentence using ‘as soon as’ and ‘no sooner …… in two separate sentences.
Immediately after the World Heritage Sites are in danger, they are inscribed on a separate list.
Answer:
(i) As soon as the World Heritage Sites are in danger, they are inscribed on a separate list.
(ii) No sooner are the World Heritage Sites in danger than they are inscribed on a separate list.

English Workshop:
(based on whole lesson).

Question 1.
What is the difference between the words ‘World Heritage’ and ‘Cultural Heritage’?
Answer:
The word ‘World Heritage’ is related with the natural or man-made places that are recognized as having international importance, cultural values of the world and humanity in general. Whereas ‘Cultural Heritage’ is related with a particular society or groups, its ideas, customs, beliefs, art and literature, etc. that have existed and inherited from past generations, maintained in the present and preserved for the benefits of future generation.

Activities based on Language Study

(A) Do as directed:

Question 1.
Complete the words by using correct letters:

1. w o _ l d
2. l a k _ s
3. s i _ e s
4. s _ a t e

Answer:

1. w o r l d
2. l a k e s
3. s i t e s
4. s t a t e

Question 2.
Put the following words in alphabetical order:
1. world, becoming, property, territory
2. step, site, selection, significant
Answer:
1. becoming, property, territory, world
2. selection, significant, site, step

Question 3.
Punctuate the following sentences:
1. Then what’s the secret of your energy I asked
2. No there isn’t anyone like Raghu veer
Answer:
1. “Then what’s the secret of your energy?” I asked.
2. “No, there isn’t anyone like Raghuveer.”

Question 4.
Make four words (minimum 3 letters each) using letters in the word ‘ mountain ’
Answer:
mount, out, main, tin

Question 5.
Write related words as shown in the example:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 6.
Complete the following word-chain of the adjectives. Add four words each beginning with the last letter of the previous word: ;
dear → …………… → …………… → …………… → …………… .
Answer:
dear → real → large → eager → red.

(B) Do as directed:

1. Attempt anyone:

Question a.
Make your own meaningful sentence using the phrase ‘to fall prey’:
Answer:
Young people fall prey to attractive, tasty food.

OR

Question b.
Add a clause to the following sentence to expand it meaningfully:
This is how I …………….
Answer: This is how the poor man got shelter in the Old age Home.

2. Attempt anyone:

Question a.
Add a prefix or suffix to make new words:
1. agree
2. satisfy
Answer:
1. disagree/agreement
2. satisfaction/dissatisfy

OR

Question b.
Make a meaningful sentence using any one of the following words:
1. agree
2. satisfy
Answer:
1. Do you agree with my opinion?
2. The food he got did not satisfy his hunger.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 4.2 Bholi Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 4.2 Bholi

My English Coursebook Standard Ten Guide Chapter 4.2 Bholi Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up:
Chit-chat

1. Discuss the following in your groups.

Question (a)
Discuss the following in your groups.
Various social evils that exist in
(a) big cities
(b) small towns
(c) villages
Answer:
(Use the points given in italic for your discussion,)
(a) Big cities: Female infanticide-dowry-
women’s safety-alcoholism-traffic-addiction- violence
(b) Small towns: Gender inequality at work-low status of women-child labour-caste system.
(c) Villages: Hygiene and sanitation-Religious conflicts – superstitions – poverty -illiteracy – consuming alcohol.

Question 2.
Very few youngsters like to take social work as a career. Discuss the reasons why they do not take it seriously.
Answer:
Very few youngsters like to take up social work as a career because

1. No sense of accomplishment.
2. No fixed income.
3. No fixed duty hours and time.
4. 24 × 7 work.
5. Uncertainty of future.

1. Adjectives and some Adverbs can be used in three degrees of comparison.

Question 1.
Adjectives and some Adverbs can be used in three degrees of comparison.
Positive-For example, cold, tall, heavy, fast, beautiful, little.
Comparative-For example, colder, taller, heavier, faster, more beautiful, less.
Superlative-For example, coldest, tallest, heaviest, fastest, most beautiful, least.
Fill in the Table.

Answer:

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
1. simple	simpler	simplest
2. pretty	prettier	prettiest
3. deep	deeper	deepest
4. intelligent	More intelligent	Most intelligent
5. good	better	best
6. affectionate	More affectionate	Most affectionate
7. young	younger	youngest
8. near	nearer	nearest
9. quick	quicker	quickest
10. much/many	more	most

2. Pick out Hindi words used in the story written in English. Give their English alternative:

Question 2.
Pick out Hindi words used in the story written in English. Give their English alternative:
(a) Bholi – simpleton
(b) ………………………
(c) ………………………
(d) ………………………
(e) ………………………
Answer:
(a) Bholi – simpleton
(b) Numberdar – revenue official
(c) Tehsildar – collector
(d) Cinema – movie
(e) Pitaji – father

3. Write three advantages and three drawbacks for each of the following:

Question 1.
Write three advantages and three drawbacks for each of the following:

Answer:

	Advantages	Drawbacks
City Life	1. Rich amenities 2. Ample job opportunities 3. Good transportation	1. Fast life 2. Extremely congested 3. Air, water, noise, harmful pollution
Village Life	1. Peaceful environment 2. Follow tradition and culture 3. Enjoy beauty of nature	1. Miss the Conveniences and opportunities of life. 2. Ignorance, prejudice and narrowness 3. Blind faiths, Superstitions

English Workshop:

Question 1.
Complete the following sentences using words given in the brackets:
(contemplating, humiliate, scurried, disfigured, envious, contemptible, matted, startled)
(a) After the accident, Juhi’s face was ……………….. .
(b) It took a long time to straighten the ……………….. bundle of wool.
(c) After class, students ………………… out for their lunch – break.
(d) One should never ……………………. the disabled people.
(e) Nutan was ……………….. of her sister, who won the ‘Best Singer’ award.
(f) Corruption is a ……………………… act.
(g) We are ………………… seriously about buying a new apartment.
(h) I was …………………… to see a snake in my room.
Answer:
(a) After the accident Juhi’s face was disfigured.
(b) It took a long time to straighten the matted bundle of wool.
(c) After class, the students scurried out for their lunch-break.
(d) One should never humiliate the disabled people.
(e) Nutan was envious of her sister, who won the ‘Best Singer’ award.
(f) Corruption is a contemptible act.
(g) We are contemplating seriously about buying a new apartment, (completing/contemplating)
(h) I was startled to see a snake in my room.

2. The story focusses on some social problems and evil practices that are prevailing in the society. Read the text carefully and make a list of all social problems and evil practices. Discuss in the class to find some solutions to these problems. One is done for you.

Question 1.
The story focusses on some social problems and evil practices that are prevailing in the society. Read the text carefully and make a list of all social problems and evil practices. Discuss in the class to find some solutions to these problems. One is done for you.

Answer:

Social problems and evil practices	Probable Solutions
1. Discrimination between a boy child and girl child.	1. Both must be treated equal at family, school and society levels.
2. Girl education	2. Education should be given to girls to understand their rights.
3. Dowry	3. We should not give or take dowry and should complain about such practices.
4. Marriage with an old person for property.	4. Girls should oppose such marriages.

3. Fill in the boxes with proper letters so as to find various characters in the story by their specialities. One is done for you.

Question 1.
Fill in the boxes with proper letters so as to find various characters in the story by their specialities. One is done for you.

Answer:

4. Glance through the story again and describe Bholi’s character before and after her meeting with the teacher. Complete the table and then write two paragraphs describing the changes seen in her character.

Question 1.
Glance through the story again and describe Bholi’s character before and after her meeting with the teacher. Complete the table and then write two paragraphs describing the changes seen in her character.

Answer:

Before	After
1. She was called simpleton, children made fun of her and mimicked her.	1. She became confident and was able to utter her name.
2. She had neither good looks nor intelligence.	2. She changed herself mentally and became smart.
3. She was frightened and had no courage to speak. She was like a dumb cow.	3. She became bold and got courage to say what is right and what is wrong.
4. She couldn’t take her own decisions.	4. She could take her own decisions of her life only because of the confidence her teacher had given.

Bholi-A Courageous girl

Bholi was a backward child from her childhood and was known as simpleton. She had an attack of smallpox at the age of two and her entire body was pockmarked except for her eyes. She had neither good looks nor intelligence. Being fourth daughter of her parents, she couldn’t get any comforts of her life so she was always under pressure and had no courage to speak.

She was always frightened so she was known as a dumb cow. She couldn’t even talk properly because of her stammering habit. So she couldn’t speak out her thoughts and couldn’t take decision of her life. Overall she was sad, frightened and used to live life under the pressure of her parents.

But when she started going to school, her life was totally changed. She met a teacher who was kind and supportive. With her help she became confident and was able to utter her name properly. She changed herself mentally and became smart.

She also got courage to say what is right and what is wrong, so she refused to get married to a person who was her father’s age and decided to serve her parents. At last she was able to take her own decisions of her life with the confidence her teacher had given to her. She decided to follow the path shown by her teacher and teach in the same school where she learnt.

5. Find out synonyms from the passage for the following words:

Question 1.
Find out synonyms from the passage for the following words:
Answer:

1. humiliate – put to shame
2. surely – certainly
3. fortunate – lucky
4. contentment – satisfaction

6. Expand the proverb in about 12 to 15 lines, ‘Where there is a will, there is a way.’

Question 1.
Expand the proverb in about 12 to 15 lines, ‘Where there is a will, there is a way.’
Steps:
1. Explanation of the proverb in simple words.
2. Examples/Experiences to prove the proverb.
3. Conclusion.
Answer:

‘Where there is a will, there is a way’

Success and achievement in life are not possible without strong will. All great personalities and personages who have left permanent prints of their lives on the society, are the men and women who had indomitable (invincible) will. If we are determined to do something, we will get it done only when we have a strong will. Most of the successful people overcome a number of difficulties to find the right path to success, that is the reason why they are successful. The examples of Helen Keller, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar, Dr. A.P.J. Kalam, Dhirubhai Ambani and many others aptly prove the proverb.

Will power, determination and dedication help us to make impossible things possible. Only if we have the will to win, we would surely find our way sooner or later. Whatever inventions are seen today were a problem one day. But the will and hardwork of the inventors found their solutions. Impossible is possible for the person of strong will. Every successful man fails many a times but with unshaken faith and strong will, he becomes successful one day. Think high, try your best, without being daunted by the odds of the path and success is yours.

One step at a time and that well placed will take you to the grandest height. The only thing is to start with firm determination, strong will and the way is yours. So it is rightly said, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”

7. Read the extract beginning from:

Question 1.
Read the extract beginning from-
“Her name was Sulekha …. find bridegroom for them.” Narrate this extract in short, making Sulekha (Bholi) the narrator. Write it in your notebook. Begin with “I was named Sulekha….”
Answer:
I was named Sulekha but since my childhood everyone had been calling me Bholi, the simpleton.

I was the fourth daughter of Numberdar Ramlal. When I was ten months old, I had fallen off the cot on my head and perhaps it had damaged some part of my brain. That was why I remained a backward child and came to be known as Bholi, the simpleton.

At birth I was very fair and pretty. But when I was two years old I had an attack of smallpox. Only the eyes were saved. But the entire body was permanently disfigured by deep black pockmarks. I could not speak till I was five and when at last I learnt to speak, I stammered. The other children often made fun of me and mimicked me. As a result, I talked very little.

My father Ramlal had seven children, three sons and four daughters, and the youngest of them was me. Ours was a prosperous farmer’s household and there was plenty to eat and drink. All the children except me were healthy and strong. My brothers had been sent to the city to study in schools and later in colleges. Of the sisters, Radha, the eldest had already been married. The second sister Mangala’s marriage had also been settled. My father would think of my third sister Champa. They were good looking, healthy girls. And it was not difficult to find bridegrooms for them.

8. Interview:

Question 1.
Interview-
Prepare a set of 10-12 questions that you would ask at an interview of a person who has strongly acted against social injustice and has achieved success in spite of a long struggle against so many odds in his/her life.
Answer:
Good morning, Sir.
You are welcome in …………
Can you spare some time for us?

1. How did you get attracted towards social injustice?
2. Was it your passion from the beginning to work for the society?
3. How do you come to know about such unfair practices?
4. What do you do when you come to know such problems of injustice?
5. The world might be making progress in terms of providing social justice-
   How do you feel when you hear such kind of social injustice?
6. What difficulties did you face while doing your work?
7. Can you give any striking examples of injustice in which you have achieved success?
8. Social injustice is a disease-what do you think about it?
9. How did you make the person confident who was harrassed?
10. What are your future plans related to your work?
11. What message would you give to the youngsters about such incidents of injustice?

Language Study:

Question 1.
Rewrite the following in indirect speech:
“Put the fear out of your heart and you will be able to speak like everyone else.”
Answer:
The teacher told/advised Bholi to put the fear out of her heart and she would be able to speak like everyone else.

Question 2.
“Yes, certainly,” his wife said, “Bholi will be lucky to get such a well-to-do bridegroom.”
Answer:
His wife said with certainty that Bholi would be lucky to get such a well-to-do bridegroom.

Question 3.
“What will that witless one say? She is like a dumb cow”. “May be you are right,” muttered Ramlal.
Answer:
Ramlal’s wife asked Ramlal what that witless one would say. She was like a dumb cow. Ramlal muttered that it was possible that she was right.

Question 4.
“Be a little considerate, please. If you go back, I can never show my face in the village.” “Then out with five thousand.”
Answer:
Ramlal requested the bridegroom to be a little considerate. He further said that if he went back, he could never show his face in the village. The bridegroom then told Ramlal to give out five thousand to him.

Question 5.
“Pitaji, take back your money. I am not going to marry this man.” “Bholi, are you crazy?” shouted Ramlal.
Answer:
Bholi told her father to take back his money as she was not going to marry that man. Ramlal angrily asked Bholi if she was crazy.

2. Rewrite the sentences given below as per the given Degree of Comparison without change of meaning:

Question 1.
Rewrite the sentences given below as per the given Degree of Comparison without change of meaning:
(a) You are not as young as she is. (Comparative)
(b) His fourth daughter’s wedding was the grandest of all. (Positive)
(c) Bholi was younger than all his other daughters. (Superlative)
Answer:
(a) She is younger than you.
(b) No other daughter’s wedding was as grand as his fourth daughter’s wedding.
(c) Bholi was the youngest of all his daughters.

3. Correct the errors in the following sentences. Focus on verbs and subject.

(a) All children, except Bholi, was healthy and strong.
(b) Since childhood, everyone will have calling her Bholi.
(c) If girls goes to school, who will marry them?
(d) New clothes was never made for Bholi.
(e) The garland were flung into the fire.
(f) Do you wants to hear more?
(g) Aren’t that right?
(h) I will teaches in the same school.

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 4.2 Bholi Additional Important Questions and Answers

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
1. Ramlal had three sons and four daughters.
2. All the children except Bholi were healthy and strong.

Question 2.
State whether you Agree or Disagree with the following statements:
Answer:

1. Ramlal was a Government servant. – Agree
2. Ramlal had not the courage to disobey his wife. – Disagree
3. Bholi’s eldest sister Radha was married. – Agree
4. Bholi had neither good looks nor intelligence. – Agree

Choose the correct alternative for each of the following questions:

Question 1.
What does the word ‘Bholi’ mean?
Answer:

1. angry
2. foolish
3. simpleton
4. sad.

Question 2.
At what age Bholi had an attack of smallpox?
Answer:

1. six
2. two
3. ten
4. nine.

Question 3.
What was the real name of Bholi?
Answer:

1. Radha
2. Champa
3. Mangala
4. Sulekha.

Question 4.
Who was not healthy and strong in Randal’s Family?

1. Radha
2. Bholi
3. Mangala
4. Champa.

Answer:

1. simpleton
2. two
3. Sulekha
4. Bholi.

Who said to whom:

Question 1.
“Come with me. I will take you to school.”
Answer:
Ramlal said to Bholi.

Question 2.
“What is your name, little one?”
Answer:
The teacher said to Bholi.

Question 3.
Put [✓] or [✗] in front of the following sentences:
Answer:

1. Bholi was the beloved daughter of Ramlal. – [✗]
2. Bholi used to wear old dresses of her sisters. – [✓]
3. Bholi was happy to see so many girls of her age in the school. – [✓]
4. All the girls in the school were laughing at Bholi. – [✓]

Question 4.
State whether the following statements are True or False:
Answer:

1. Bishamber was a young bridegroom. – False
2. Ramlal had never dreamt that his fourth daughter Bholi would have such a grand wedding. – True
3. When Bholi was brought near the sacred fire she was in a red silken bridal dress. – True
4. Bholi felt herself lucky to get a well-to-do bridegroom like Bishamber. – False

Question 5.
Complete the following sentences:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
1. Bholi’s parents were eager to accept Bishamber’s proposal for marriage because they felt that she might remain unmarried all her life.
2. Bholi’s elder sisters who had come for her marriage were envious of her luck.

Question 6.
Choose the correct alternative and complete the following sentences:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
1. The garland of marriage was made of yellow marigolds.
(a) roses
(b) yellow marigolds
(c) lilies

2. Bishamber demanded five thousand rupees to get married to Bholi.
(a) two thousand rupees
(b) three thousand rupees
(c) five thousand rupees.

3. Bholi is compared with a dumb cow.
(a) a dumb cow
(b) a kind cow
(c) a dead cow

4. Bholi was not ready to get married.
(a) Bishamber
(b) Bholi
(c) Bholi’s friend

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Complete the following web:
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

Question 2.
Why did the bridegroom refuse to garland Bholi? (HcMIHdl} ‘Mlcdldl W. HI=bK<r1?)
Answer:
When a woman slipped back the silken veil from Bholi’s face, the bridegroom saw her pockmarked face. So he demanded five thousand rupees from her father and refused to marry her, unless he paid the amount.

Question 3.
What was the expression on Bholi’s face?
Answer:
Bholi was looking up. Her eyes were not downcast. She was looking up looking straight at her prospective husband. There was neither anger nor hate in her eyes. They showed only cold contempt.

Question 4.
What shocked the family members?
Answer:
When Bishamber demanded money from Bholi’s father, Bholi got angry and her hand struck out like a streak of lightning and the garland was flung into the fire. She got up and threw away the veil. She told her father in a clear loud voice without the slightest stammer to take back his money as she was not going to marry that man. Thus Bholi’s firm and staight statement shocked the entire family.

Question 5.
Who said to whom:
1. “Yes, Aunty, you are right. You all thought I was a dumb-driven cow.”
2. “I will serve you and mother and I will teach in the same school where I learnt so much.”
Answer:
1. Bholi said to the old woman.
2. Bholi said to her father.

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Describe the appearance of Bholi.
Answer:
Bholi was the youngest daughter of Ramlal. Some part of her brain was damaged, so she was a backward child. Her entire body was permanently disfigured by deep black pockmarks when she had an attack of smallpox. She was very weak. She had neither good looks nor intelligence.

Question 2.
Complete the reasons:
Ramlal decided to send Bholi to school because – ……………………………………..
Answer:
Ramlal decided to send Bholi to school because – ……………………………………..

1. the Tehsildar urged him to send his (Randal’s) daughter to school.
2. he had no courage to disobey the Tehsildar.
3. his wife was also ready to do so.

Complete the following:

Question 1.
Bholi talked very little because – …………………….
Answer:
Bholi talked very little because she stammered and other children often made fun of her and mimicked her.

Question 2.
Why did Ramlal’s wife oppose sending Bholi to School?
Answer:
Ramlal’s wife opposed sending Bholi to school because she thought that if she went to school, nobody would marry her.

Question 3.
What shows that Bholi was unwilling to go to school?
Answer:
Bholi did not know what a school was like when her father was taking her to school. She remembered how a few days ago their old cow Lakshmi had been turned out of the house and sold so she was frightened to go to school.

Question 4.
How did Bholi’s parents change her appearance?
Answer:
Bholi was given some decent clothes to wear instead of old dresses of her sisters. No one cared to mend or wash her clothes. But she was bathed and oil was rubbed onto her dry and matted hair. And they made her ready to go to school.

Question 5.
What made the class attractive to Bholi?
Answer:
When she saw many girls almost of her age present there, she became glad. She also hoped that one of those girls might become her friend. She saw the pictures on the wall and the colours fascinated her. Her lady teacher was also kind to her. All those things attracted Bholi.

Question 6.
Why did Bholi feel ashamed?
Answer:
The lady teacher who was teaching in the class asked Bholi what her name was. But she could not utter her name ‘Bholi’ properly. As she was stammering, she felt ashamed in front of other girls. She began to cry. She felt ashamed because all the girls in the class were laughing at her.

Question 7.
How would you describe the teacher’s attitude towards Bholi? Give 3 to 4 points.
Answer:
The teacher was very kind and sympathetic towards Bholi. She spoke with her in soft and soothing voice. Instead of commanding, she was just giving her friendly suggestions so Bholi felt better in her company. She had never been called with that much love; so it touched her heart.

Question 8.
How did the teacher encourage Bholi to overcome her stammering?
Answer:
When the teacher asked Bholi what her name was, she could not utter a single word because of fear. With the teacher’s encouraging words and pat on her back she felt relieved to give a trial. And thus Bholi could give up her stammering and overcome her fear.

Question 9.
Complete the following web.
Answer:

Question 10.
What were the drawbacks of Bishamber as a bridegroom?
Answer:
1. Bishamber was as old as Bholi’s father.
2. He was married.
3. The children from his first wife were quite grown-up.

Question 11.
Complete the following:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
1. Beside the humiliation and grief, Ramlal was afraid of Bholi’s marriage as he thought that no one would ever marry Bholi.
2. Bholi told her father in a calm and steady voice that she would serve him and mother in their old age and she would teach in the same school where she learnt so much.

Question 12.
Name the artist and the masterpiece.
Answer:
The teacher who gave courage to Bholi was the real artist and Bholi was the masterpiece of her creation.

Question 13.
Arrange the following sentences as per their order of occurrence in the passage:

1. Bholi’s teacher was satisfied with her student’s decision.
2. Bholi learnt a lot of things in her school.
3. Bholi refused to get married to Bishamber because she knew that he would not keep her happy.
4.  Bholi decided to serve her parents and teach in the same school where she learnt.

Answer:

1. Bholi learnt a lot of things in her school.
2. Bholi refused to get married with Bishamber because she knew that he would not keep her happy.
3. Bholi decided to serve her parents and teach in the same school where she learnt.
4. Bholi’s teacher was satisfied with her student’s decision.

Activities based on Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Find out from the passage opposites for the following words:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. forgot × remembered
2. indecent × decent
3. sad × glad
4. bore × fascinated

Question 2.
Use the following phrases in the following sentences by making certain changes :
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
(to shout in terror, to pass on, to hand over, to look . up at.)

1. My sister handed over a letter of apology to her class teacher.
2. My father had the day off because he didn’t want to pass on his flu to everyone in the office.
3. Ruta shouted in terror when she saw a cobra in front of her.
4. The world looks up at Dr Kalam as a great visionary.

Question 3.
Find the verb forms of the following from the passage ;

1. mimicry
2. settlement
3. speech
4. marriage.

Answer:

1. mimick
2. settle
3. speak
4. marry.

Question 4.
Read the given sentences and write the words of each sentence in the proper columns:
Answer:

1. The old dresses of her sisters were passed on to her.
2. Today she was lucky to receive a clean dress.
3. And suddenly Bholi noticed that the teacher was standing by her side.
4. Then she began to cry and tears flowed from her eyes.

Nouns	Verbs	Adjectives	Adverbs
1. -dresses -sisters	Were passed	old	–
2. dress	was	-lucky -clean	today
3. teacher	-noticed -was standing	–	-suddenly -by side
4. -tears -eyes	-began – flowed	–	Then

Question 5.
Complete the following sentences using words given in the brackets:
(disfigured, matted, fascinated) (Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
The beautiful scenery fascinated me.

Question 6.
Complete the following sentences using the words given in the brackets:
(scurried, affectionately, astonished, a great achievement) (Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. My father always tries to solve my problem affectionately.
2. My mother was astonished to see her brother in front of her after so many years.
3. Overcoming her difficulties was a great achievement for Bholi.

Question 7.
Complete the following sentences using the words given in the brackets:
(envious, procession, overjoyed, pockmarks) (Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. Most of the youngsters like to dance in marriage procession.
2. He was overjoyed to see his friend after a long time.
3. Due to pockmarks on her face, she is rejected by many for a marriage.

Question 8.
Find out synonyms from the passage for the following words: (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:
1. senseless – witless
2. jealous – envious.

Question 9.
Find ‘one word’ for the following from the passage:
Answer:

1. garment that covers the head and face – veil
2. hurt the pride of – humiliate
3. joyful and proud especially because of success – triumphant
4. related to the future – prospective

Question 10.
Complete the following sentences using the words given in the brackets:
(contemptible, humiliate, startled, thunderstruck) (Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
Sujata was thunderstruck when he presented her with an engagement ring.

Question 11.
Find out synonyms from the passage for the following words:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. contempt – hatred
2. prospective – future
3. startled – shocked.

Question 12.
Complete the following sentences by choosing the words given in the brackets:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
She violently disagreed with what we said. (slowly/violently)

Question 13.
Find out synonyms from the passage for the following words :
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
formal event – ceremony

Activities based on Contextual Grammar:

Question 1.
Name the Tenses:
1. I will tell you what to do.
2. Ramlal consulted his wife.
Answer:
1. Simple Future Tense
2. Simple Past Tense.

Question 2.
Change into indirect speech:
Randal’s wife said to him, “I will tell you what to do.”
Answer:
Randal’s wife told him that she would tell him what to do.

Question 3.
Rewrite as an exclamatory sentence:
The child was very fair and pretty.
Answer:
How fair and pretty the child was!

Do as directed:

Question 1.
The child was very fair and pretty.
(Choose correct alternative to make it exclamatory.)
1. What a fair and pretty the child was!
2. How a fair and pretty the child was!
3. How fair and pretty the child was!
Answer:
2. How fair and pretty the child was!

Question 2.
It was not difficult to find bridegroom for them. (Underline the infinitive in the sentence.)
Answer:
It was not difficult to find bridegroom for them.

Change the voice:

Question 1.
The teacher patted her affectionately.
(Begin the sentence with “She….)
Answer:
She was patted affectionately by the teacher.

Question 2.
The teacher encouraged her.
(Begin the sentence with “She….)
Answer:
She was encouraged by the teacher.

Question 3.
She was a harmless dumb cow.
(Make it exclamatory.)
Answer:
What a harmless dumb cow she was!

Question 4.
What a shameless girl! (Make it assertive.)
Answer:
She was really a shameless girl.

Frame a wh-question to get the underlined part as an answer:

Question 1.
Ramlal placed the bundle at the bridegroom’s feet.
Answer:
Where did Ramlal place the bundle?

Question 2.
Bishamber raised the garland to place it round the bride’s neck.
Answer:
Why did Bishamber raise the garland?

Rewrite the following as per the tenses mentioned in the brackets:

Question 1.
Ramlal stood rooted to the ground.
(Past Continuous Tense)
Answer:
Ramlal was standing rooted to the ground.

Question 2.
The teacher was watching the drama.
(Present Perfect Continuous Tense.)
Answer:
The teacher has been watching the drama.

Question 3.
Complete the words by using correct letters:
Answer:

1. br_in – brain
2. stu_y -study
3. dr_ss – dress
4. hea_t -heart

Question 4.
Put the words in alphabetical order:
1. violently, grief, proposal, astonish.
2. marriage, matter, manage, make.
Answer:
1. astonish, grief, proposal, violently.
2. make, manage, marriage, matter.

Question 5.
Punctuate the following sentences:
1. whats the matter with you you fool shouted ramlal
2. have you seen her said bishamber to the friend next to him she has pockmarks on her face.
Answer:
1. “What’s the matter with you, you fool?” shouted Ramlal.
2. “Have you seen her?” said Bishamber to the friend next to him. “She has pockmarks on her face.”

Question 6.
Make four words (minimum 3 letters each) using the letters in the word ‘contemplating’.
Answer:

1. complain
2. contempt
3. tempt
4. contain.

Question 7.
Write related words as shown in the example: (Answer is directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 8.
Complete the word-chain of verbs. Add four words, each beginning with the letter of the previous word.
disfigure, e…………., …………….., …………….., ……………..
Answer:
disfigure, → enter, record , detect, tend.

1. Attempt anyone:

Question (a)
Make a meaningful sentence by using the given phrase: “to make fun of’
Answer:
It is not good to make fun of any disabled person.

OR

Question (b)
Add another clause to the following sentence expand meaningfully:
My teacher was angry – ………………………………….
Answer:
My teacher was angry because some students misbehaved in the class.

2. Attempt anyone:

Question (a)
Add prefix or suffix to make new words.
1. decorate
2. courage
Answer:
1. decorative, decoration
2. courageous, discourage.

OR

Question (b)
Make a meaningful sentence using any one of the following words.
1. decorate
2. courage
Answer:
1. We shall decorate our classroom with flowers and balloons on Independence Day.
2. He showed great courage in the dangerous situation.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
What do you think about your school?
Answer:
My school is the second home for me. I meet my friends and share my sorrows and joys with them. I can take proper guidance and advice from my teachers. It is the place which I love from the ; bottom of my heart.

Question 2.
How do you feel on the first day of your school?
Answer:
When I go to school after a long vacation I feel very happy and excited to meet my friends. There is always a curiosity about a new class teacher and newcomers in the class. New dress, new bag I and books add more excitement on the very first day of my school, so I like it very much.

Explain the following statements:

Question (a)
She had neither good looks nor intelligence.
Answer:
According to her parents, she was neither beautiful nor literate. She was ugly. Being uneducated and ugly nobody will accept her as a life partner. It also means good looks and intelligence are important in our life but it is not at all right.

Question (b)
Let the teachers at school worry about her.
Answer:
Bholi’s parents were careless about her. They ignored her education. When the Tehsildar sahib told her father to send his daughter to school, he reluctantly was ready. The mother knew that there was little chance of getting her married because of her ugly face and lack of sense. There will be no need to worry about her, if she gets some education. So her mother said, “Let the teachers at school worry about her.”

Question 4.
Is it good to make a fun of the child who can’t speak well? (dld-m WJfNqj) Hyihl -‘Wl 3TT% ^T?)
Answer:
No, it’s not good to make a fun of the child who can’t speak well because it is his disability and it is not good to laugh at somebody’s disability. We should encourage him/her to speak so that he/she would speak clearly. It will boost his/her confidence whereas teasing him/her will down his/her moral.

Question 5.
“If girls go to school, who will marry them?”-Why, do you think, that Bholi’s mother thought so?
Answer:
It is sad that some communities still discriminate against the education of the girl child. The condition in the past was worse. If a girl child was sent to school nobody would be ready to get married to her. Education was not at all important for any girl in those days. It was her duty to look after ‘Home and Hearth’ so taking education was considered to be useless then. Bholi’s mother was also from the same era. So she thought that nobody would marry their daughters, if they were sent to school.

Question 6.
Why does positive encouragement work better than criticism?
Answer:
Positive encouragement helps us to focus on our self-centred outlook. Positivity also reduces | our anxiety whereas criticism leads us towards fear, anger and stress. A word of encouragement can go a long way in our daily lives as it is the most effective motivator. It recognizes and fosters continual growth and effort. It builds determination and confidence so it is always better than criticism.

Question 7.
Her heart was throbbing with the thought of new hope and new life-Explain.
Answer:
After going to school, Bholi realised that she was happy there. She had a new hope for her life as the life of school was better than her family life. She was quite happy in school because the teacher and her classmates were really co-operative and she was happy with them. So she had a new hope in her new school life.

Question 8.
What is your opinion about Bholi’s bridegroom? Should she get married to him?
Answer:
I think Bholi’s bridegroom was aged with grown-up children from his first wife. She should not get married to a person who is almost the age of her father. There was a vast difference in their age so it did not seem to be a good couple/match.

Question 9.
What did you learn from Bholi’s action of not getting married to Bishamber?
Answer:
Bholi has done the right thing. She wouldn’t be happy with the person who was of her father’s age. He was greedy and heartless. Her married life would have been ruined. So the decision taken by her not to get married to Bishamber was right.

Question 10.
“The teacher is an artist.” Do you agree with the statement. Justify your answer.
Answer:
Yes, I fully agree with the statement. The teacher is an artist who fills colours in lives of many students. Whenever he/she sees his/her student successful in his/her life, he/she feels satisfied from the bottom of his/her heart. His/her joy is greater | than anything else in the world. Seeing his/her student at the top, makes him/her feel proud and contented. It is like an artist contemplating after completing his/her masterpiece. He is the sculptor of i the students’ future and shapes and colours their lives.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Hindi Solutions Lokvani Chapter 1 सोंधी सुगंध Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Hindi Lokvani Solutions Chapter 1 सोंधी सुगंध

Hindi Lokvani 10th Std Digest Chapter 1 सोंधी सुगंध Textbook Questions and Answers

सूचना के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए

(१) कृति पूर्ण कीजिए:

Answer:

(२) कृति पूर्ण कीजिए:

Answer:

(३) गीत में प्रयुक्त क्रियारूप लिखिए:

बाग-बगीचे, ताल-तलैया …………
Answer:
मुसकाएँ

झूम-झूमकर मस्ती में तरु गीत ………..
Answer:
सुनाएँ

मधुमास आस-विश्वास ………..
Answer:
किया

धरती ने ………….
Answer:
बढ़ाता

(४) उपसर्ग-प्रत्यय लगाकर शब्द लिखिए :

Answer:

अभिव्यक्ति

प्रस्तुत गीत की प्रथम चार पंक्तियों का भावार्थ लिखिए।
Answer:
वर्षा ऋतु के आगमन पर धरती पर बारिश की बूंदों का गिरना शुरू हो जाता है। बारिश की बूंदें धरती पर गिरकर मिट्टी को स्पर्श करती हैं, जिस कारण मिट्टी से सोंधी सुगंध आने लगती है। यह सोंधी सुगंध मिट्टी से बातें करने लगती हैं।

बारिश की बूंदों की अनुभूति से धरती प्रफुल्लित हो गई है। इसलिए जैसे ही बारिश थम जाती है; वैसे ही वह अपनी आँखें खोलती हैं। मोर को भी वर्षाऋत अत्यंत प्रिय है। अत: वह भी वर्षाऋत में खश होकर कह रहा है कि चारों ओर हरियाली ही हरियाली छा गई है। भीषण गरमी के कारण धरती बंजर हो गई थी। बादल बरसने के बाद हरियाली-सा हरा वस्त्र धारण करने का धरती का जो सपना था; वह अब वह पूरा हो गया है।

भाषा बिंदु

वर्तनी के अनुसार शुद्ध शब्द छाँटकर लिखिए:

1. विश्वास/विशवास/विसवास ……..
2. मसतक/मस्थक/मस्तक ……….
3. पथ्थर/पथ्तर/पत्थर …………
4. कुरीति/कूरिति/कुरिती …………
5. चिन्ह/चीहन/चिह्न …………..
6. इकठठा/इकट्टा/इकट्ठा ………….
7. खुबसुरत/खूबसुरत/खूबसूरत …………
8. विदयापीठ/विद्यापीठ/विद्यापिठ ………….
9. बुद्धी/बुध्दी/बुद्धि ………….
10. परिक्षार्थि/परीक्षार्थि/परीक्षार्थी ………….

Answer:

1. विश्वास
2. मस्तक
3. पत्थर
4. कुरीति
5. चिह्न
6. इकट्ठा
7. खूबसूरत
8. विद्यापीठ
9. बुद्धि
10. परीक्षार्थी

उपयोजित लेखन

निम्नलिखित सुवचन पर आधारित कहानी लिखिए:

‘स्वास्थ्य ही संपदा है।’
Answer:
श्रीरामपुर गाँव में धनसुखलाल नाम का एक धनी व्यक्ति रहता था। वह बहुत ही कंजूस प्रवृत्ति का था। रईस होने के बावजूद भी वह स्वयं पर कभी भी पैसे खर्च नहीं करता था। वह दिन में सिर्फ एक वक्त का भोजन करता था। इतना ही नहीं वह अपने परिवार वालों पर भी धन खर्च नहीं करता था। उसकी कंजूसी के कारण उसका परिवार प्रतिदिन भूखे पेट ही सोता था। एक दिन धनसुखलाल बीमार पड़ गया।

भरपेट खाना न खाने के कारण उसका शरीर कमजोर हो गया था। उसकी शक्ति कम हो गई थी। परिवार के लोग उसे डॉक्टर के पास ले जाना चाहते थे। लेकिन डॉक्टर के पास जाकर काफी रूपया खर्च हो जाएगा। इसलिए उसने घरेलू औषधियों लेना प्रारंभ कर दिया। आहिस्ता-आहिस्ता उसका शरीर अत्यधिक अस्वस्थ और कमजोर हो गया।

यहाँ तक कि अब उठकर चलने की शक्ति भी उसमें शेष नहीं थी। फिर भी वह डॉक्टर के पास जाने के लिए राजी नहीं हुआ। उसी शाम गाँव में एक महात्मा आए। उन्होंने धनसुखलाल के बारे में सुना और वे स्वयं उसे मिलने गए। महात्मा को देखकर धनसुखलाल ने सोचा कि यह महात्मा उसका इलाज कर देंगे। उसने आशा से महात्मा को प्रणाम किया। महात्मा ने उसे स्पष्ट कहा – ‘मूर्ख धनसुखलाल, मैं तुम्हारा भविष्य जानता हूँ। यदि तुम अभी डॉक्टर के पास नहीं जाओगे; तो कल सुबह तक तुम्हारी मृत्यु निश्चित है।’

महात्मा की भविष्यवाणी सुनकर धनसुखलाल के हाथ-पाँव काँपने लगे और महात्मा को प्रणाम करके वह तुरंत अपने परिवार वालों के साथ डॉक्टर के पास चला गया। डॉक्टर ने पूरी निष्ठा से उसका इलाज किया। कुछ दिनों के बाद वह ठीक हो गया। अब उसकी समझ में आ गया था कि ‘स्वास्थ्य ही संपदा होती है।’ सीख : स्वास्थ्य से बढ़कर दूसरी कोई संपत्ति नहीं होती। व्यक्ति को अपने स्वास्थ्य का सदैव ध्यान रखना चाहिए।

Hindi Lokvani 10th Std Textbook Solutions Chapter 1 सोंधी सुगंध Additional Important Questions and Answers

निम्नलिखित पद्यांश पढ़कर दी गई सूचनाओं के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए।
कृति अ (१): आकलन कृति

कृति पूर्ण कीजिए।

Answer:

समझकर लिखिए।

Answer:

‘सदियों का जो सपना है हो जाए पूरा।’ इससे आप समझते हैं
Answer:
भीषण गरमी के कारण धरती बंजर हो गई थी। अब बारिश के आने से वह फिर से हरी-भरी हो जाएगी।

कृति अ (२) : शब्द संपदा

निम्नलिखित शब्दों के अर्थ पद्यांश में से ढूँढ़कर लिखिए।

1. मेघ
2. मोर
3. मृदा
4. ख्वाब

Answer:

1. बादल
2. मयूरा
3. माटी
4. सपना

विलोम शब्द लिखिए।

1. सुगंध x ……..
2. पूरा x ………

Answer:

1. सुगंध x दुर्गंध
2. पूरा x अधूरा

वचन बदलिए।

1. सदी
2. हरियाली
3. टोली
4. आँखें

Answer:

1. सदियाँ
2. हरियालियाँ
3. टोलियाँ
4. आँख

निम्नलिखित तत्सम शब्द का तद्भव रूप लिखिए।

1. मयूर
2. हरित

Answer:

1. मोर
2. हरा या हरी

निम्नलिखित शब्द का देशज व तत्सम शब्द लिखिए।

Question 1.
मिट्टी
Answer:
देशज शब्द : माटी, तत्सम शब्द: मृदा

कृति अ (३) : स्वमत अभिव्यक्ति

आपने पहली बारिश के बाद चारों और महकने वाली मिट्टी की सुगंध को जरूर महसूस किया होगा। उस वक्त जो अनुभूति हुई थी, उसे अपने शब्दों में लिखिए।
Answer:
बारिश के पहले भीषण गरमी के कारण मिट्टी तपती है। जैसे ही वर्षा की पहली बूंदें धरती पर आती हैं, वैसे ही तपती हुई मिट्टी शीतलता का अनुभव करने लगती है। फिर उसमें से जो गंध उठती है, उसका क्या कहना? मिट्टी की सोंधी सुगंध सभी को आकर्षित करती है। मैं पिछले वर्ष बरसात शुरू होने से पहले अपने गाँव गया था। वहाँ पर मैंने पहली बरसात का अनुभव किया था। बारिश रुकते ही अचानक से सारा वातावरण मिट्टी की भीनी-भीनी सोंधी खुशबू से प्रफुल्लित हो उठा। मानो वह सोंधी महक मुझे बता रही थी कि हम सब उससे जुड़े हैं। हमारा शरीर भी उसी से बना है। आखिर मिट्टी हमें जीवन देती है। सचमुच मिट्टी की उस सोंधी महक ने मेरे चित्त को प्रसन्न कर दिया था। आज भी वह महक मेरे रोम-रोम में समाई हुई है। उस सोंधी महक को महसूस हुए मुझे मनुष्य और मिट्टी के बीच जो गहरा रिश्ता है इसका एहसास भी हुआ था।

संजाल पूर्ण कीजिए।

Answer:

कृति आ (२) : शब्द संपदा

‘रोली’ शब्द का अनेकार्थी शब्द लिखिए।
Answer:
सिंदूर, प्रसिद्ध भूमि, हल्दी व चूने का चूर्ण

निम्नलिखित तद्भव शब्द का तत्सम रूप लिखिए।

1. माथा
2. पेड़

Answer:

1. मस्तक
2. तरु

वचन बदलिए।

1. बोली
2. रोली
3. झोली
4. बगीचा

Answer:

1. बोलियाँ
2. रोलियाँ
3. झोलियाँ
4. बगीचे

कृति आ (३) : स्वमत अभिव्यक्ति

‘बारिश के बाद प्रकृति में होने वाला परिवर्तन’ विषय पर अपने विचार लिखिए।
Answer:
वर्षा ऋतु समस्त ऋतुओं की रानी है। बारिश होते ही चारों ओर हरियाली छा जाती है। वर्षा होने से तालाबों और नहरों में पानी भर जाता है। सागर अपनी मस्ती में लहरों के साथ नर्तन करता रहता है। वर्षा से सूखे पेड़-पौधों में भी जीवन आ जाता है। संपूर्ण वातावरण खुशनुमा हो जाता है। मिट्टी से सोंधी महक आनी शुरू हो जाती है। यह महक हमारे चित्त को प्रसन्न कर देती है। बारिश के बाद कृषकों में उल्लास बढ़ जाता है और वे अपने खेतों में लगन के साथ जुट जाते हैं। मोर प्रसन्न होकर नाचने लगते हैं और मेंढक टर्र-टर्र की आवाज करते रहते हैं। इस प्रकार बारिश के बाद प्रकृति की शोभा देखने लायक होती है।

समझकर लिखिए।

Answer:

निम्नलिखित पद्यांश पढ़कर दी गई सूचनाओं के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए।

कृति इ (१): आकलन कृति

Question 1.
सदा-सदा से यह चली आई है –
Answer:
हँसी-ठिठोली

Question 2.
यह नतमस्तक हो गए हैं –
Answer:
कवि ‘अचूक’

निम्नलिखित शब्द पढ़कर ऐसे दो प्रश्न तैयार कीजिए कि जिनके उत्तर निम्न शब्द हों

Question 1.
माटी
Answer:
सोंधी-सौंधी-सी सुगंध किससे बात कर रही है?

Question 2.
मधुमास
Answer:
कवि ने पावस को किसकी उपमा दी है। (३) कृति पूर्ण कीजिए।

कृति इ (२) : शब्द संपदा

पद्यांश में से शब्द-युग्म ढूँढ़कर लिखिए।
Answer:
आस-विश्वास,
सदा-सदा,
हँसी-ठिठोली,
सोंधी-सौंधी-सी

निम्नलिखित तत्सम शब्द का तद्भव रूप लिखिए।

1. पद
2. मास

Answer:

1. पाँव या पैर
2. महीना

निम्नलिखित तद्भव शब्द का तत्सम रूप लिखिए।

1. हँसी

Answer:

1. हास्य

निम्नलिखित शब्दों के पर्यायवाची लिखिए।

1. मधुमास
2. पुष्प
3. आस
4. नत

Answer:

1. वसंत ऋतु
2. फूल
3. आशा
4. विनीत

कृति इ (३) : स्वमत अभिव्यक्ति

‘मनुष्य जीवन में वर्षा का महत्त्व’ इस विषय पर अपने विचार लिखिए।
Answer:
हमारा भारत देश कृषिप्रधान देश है। यदि बारिश समय पर न होगी, तो सूखा या दुर्भिक्ष (अकाल) की स्थिति निर्माण होने में देर नहीं लगेगी। वर्ष के बारह महीने में से तीन या चार महीनों तक लगातार बारिश होने के कारण प्रकृति का संतुलन बना रहता है। जल के बिना मनुष्य जीवन संभव नहीं। इसलिए हमारे जीवन में वर्षा का अत्यधिक महत्त्व है। वर्षा का मौसम तपती गरमी से राहत दिलाता है। बारिश की बूंदें धरती के बढ़े हुए तापमान को अपने अंदर समा लेती हैं। वर्षाकाल में लोग वर्षा का आनंद लेने के लिए पिकनिक मनाते हैं। वर्षा में सूखे हए तालाब, कुएँ और नदियाँ फिर से भर जाती हैं। इस कारण पूरे वर्ष तक मनुष्य को पीने के लिए पानी उपलब्ध होता है।

सोंधी सुगंध Summary in Hindi

सोंधी सुगंध कवि-परिचय

जीवन-परिचय : डॉ. कृपाशंकर शर्मा जी का जन्म उत्तर प्रदेश के एटा शहर में हुआ। हिंदी साहित्य में इन्हें ‘अचूक’ इस उपनाम से जाना
जाता है। इन्हें बालगीतकार एवं बालकहानीकार के रूप में अधिक जाना जाता है। इन्होंने कविता के विविध अंगों को सूक्ष्मता से जाना-पहचाना है। गीत, गजल, कविता एवं दोहे इनकी रचना का प्रमुख विषय रहे हैं। समीक्षा के क्षेत्र में भी इनका कार्य उल्लेखनीय हैं। पत्रकारिता के क्षेत्र में भी इनकी सक्रियता रही है।

प्रमुख कृतियाँ : ‘फिर भी कहना शेष रह गया’, ‘नदी उफान भरे’ (गीत संग्रह), ‘गीत खुशी के गाओ तुम’ (बालगीत संग्रह) आदि।

सोंधी सुगंध पद्य-परिचय

गीत : गीत हिंदी साहित्य की एक लोकप्रिय विधा है। स्वर, पद और ताल से युक्त जो गान होता है, वह ‘गीत’ कहलाता है। इसमें एक मुखड़ा तथा कुछ अंतरे होते हैं। प्रत्येक अंतरे के बाद मुखड़े को दोहराया जाता है। इसमें गेयता विद्यमान होती है।

प्रस्तावना : ‘सोंधी सुगंध’ इस गीत में कवि डॉ. कृपाशंकर शर्मा ‘अचूक’ जी ने वर्षा ऋतु का आगमन होने पर प्रकृति में छाई प्रसन्नता एवं खुशहाली का बड़ा ही सजीव एवं मनोहारी वर्णन किया है। वर्षा ऋतु में प्रकृति के विविध रूपों में होनेवाले परिवर्तन का अत्यंत आहलाददायी वर्णन प्रस्तुत कविता में किया गया है।

सोंधी सुगंध सारांश

प्रस्तुत कविता के माध्यम से स्पष्ट किया गया है कि प्रत्येक ऋतु का अपना महत्त्व और अपनी विशेषता है। भीषण गर्मी के कारण तापमान बढ़ता है। सभी भीषण गर्मी से व्याकुल हो जाते हैं। वर्षा तपती गर्मी से राहत दिलाती है। छम-छम करता हुआ पानी देख सबके चेहरे पर रौनक आ जाती है। पहली बारिश की बूंदें धरती को स्पर्श करती हैं, जिस कारण मिट्टी से सोंधी सुगंध आने लगती है। यह सोंधी सुगंध मिट्टी से बातें करने लगती हैं। वह वर्षा के कारण प्रकृति के विविध रूपों, वन्य-जीव, पेड़-पौधों, नदी-तालाबों आदि में होने वाले परिवर्तनों से सभी को रूबरू कराती हैं। वर्षा ऋतु एक प्रेरणादायी ऋतु है। वह प्रत्येक मानव के मन में आस एवं विश्वास भर देती है। इसलिए सदियों से वर्षा का स्वागत होता आ रहा है। सदियों से वर्षा के आगमन पर लोग खुश होते हैं और होते रहेंगे।

सोंधी सुगंध शब्दार्थ

• सोंधी – सुगंधित
• रोली – हल्दी-चूने का चूर्ण
• मंसूबा – विचार, इरादा
• मधुमास – वसंत ऋतु
• माटी – मिट्टी
• धरती – पृथ्वी
• मयूरा – मोर
• टोली – दल
• ताल-तलैया – तालाब-झरने
• पवन – हवा
• तरू – पेड़
• ‘अचूक’ – कवि का उपनाम

सोंधी सुगंध भावार्थ

सोंधी-सौंधी-सी …………………………. माटी से बोली।

वर्षा ऋतु के आगमन पर धरती पर बारिश की बूंदों का गिरना शुरू हो जाता है। बारिश की बूंदें धरती पर गिरकर मिट्टी को स्पर्श करती। हैं, जिस कारण मिट्टी से सोंधी सुगंध आने लगती है। यह सोंधी सुगंध मिट्टी से बातें करने लगती है। बारिश की बूंदों की अनुभूति से धरती प्रफुल्लित हो गई है। इसलिए जैसे ही बारिश थम जाती है; वैसे ही वह अपनी आँखें खोलती हैं। मोर को भी वर्षाऋतु अत्यंत प्रिय है।

अत: वह भी वर्षाऋतु में खुश होकर कह रहा है कि चारों ओर हरियाली ही हरियाली छा गई है। भीषण गरमी के कारण धरती बंजर हो गई थी। बादल बरसने के बाद हरियाली-सा हरा वस्त्र धारण करने का धरती का जो सपना था; वह अब पूरा हो गया है। भला वर्षा के आगमन से कौन खुश नहीं होता?

प्रकृति के सभी अपादान अपनी-अपनी टोली में एकत्रित होकर आनंद व्यक्त कर रहे हैं। वर्षाऋतु के इस सुहावने व मनभावन मौसम में कोई भी अकेला रहना नहीं चाहता। सोंधी सुगंध मिट्टी से कह रही है कि इसमें जो इत्र है, उसमें बारिश का जिक्र है अर्थात वर्षा में सर्वत्र मोहक खुशबू छा गई है।

बाग बगीचे …………………………. माटी से बोली।

वर्षा के आगमन से प्रकृति का प्रत्येक अंग हर्षित एवं प्रफुल्लित हो उठा है। बाग-बगीचे, ताल-तलैया आदि सब मुस्करा रहे हैं। पेड़ भी बरसात के मौसम में अपनी मस्ती में झूम रहे हैं। ऐसा प्रतीत होता है कि वे खुशी के गीत गा रहे हैं। वर्षा का साथ पाकर पवन भी आनंदविभोर हो गया है। उसने अपनी ठंड हवा की झोली प्रसन्न होकर खोल दी है। जिससे वातावरण और अधिक खुशनुमा हो गया है। सोंधी सुगंध मिट्टी से कह रही है कि इसमें जो इत्र है, उसमें बारिश का जिक्र है अर्थात वर्षा में सर्वत्र मोहक खुशबू छा गई है।

सागर का जो …………………………. माटी से बोली।

वर्षा के आगमन से सागर की अपनी खुशी का इरादा भी सफल हो गया है। वह खुशी के उफान से भर गया है। सागर वर्षाऋतु में अपनी ही खुशियों की दुनिया में खो गया है। अत: वह अपनी लहरों के साथ नृत्य कर रहा है। वर्षा के आगमन के कारण धरती ने अपने तन पर हरियालीयुक्त हरित वस्त्र का परिधान धारण किया। धरती ने अपने मस्तक पर रोली लगाई है। वर्षा-उत्सव के लिए उसने श्रृंगार किया है।

सोंधी सुगंध मिट्टी से कह रही है कि इसमें जो इत्र है, उसमें बारिश का जिक्र है अर्थात वर्षा में सर्वत्र मोहक खुशबू छा गई है।

पावस का मधुमास …………………………. माटी से बोली।

पावस का मधुमास यानी वर्षाऋतु में वसंत जिस प्रकार वसंत ऋतु में वृक्षों पर नए पत्ते एवं फूल आते हैं। वैसे ही वर्षा ऋतु में प्रकृति सजती-संवरती है। सर्वत्र आनंद व्याप्त होता है। वर्षा ऋतु प्रत्येक मानव के मन में आस एवं विश्वास भर देती है। कवि भी वर्षा के इस आनंद से अछूते नहीं है। वह भी वर्षा ऋतु के सामने नतमस्तक होकर उसके स्वागत में पुष्प अर्पण करते हैं।

यह तो प्रतिवर्ष आने वाला उत्सव है। सदियों से वर्षा का स्वागत होता आ रहा है। सदियों से वर्षा के आगमन पर लोग खुश होते हैं और होते रहेंगे। यह हँसी-ठिठोली सदा से चलती आ रही है। सोंधी सुगंध मिट्टी से कह रही है कि इसमें जो इत्र है, उसमें बारिश का जिक्र है अर्थात वर्षा में सर्वत्र मोहक खुशबू छा गई है।

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 2.1 You Start Dying Slowly Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 2.1 You Start Dying Slowly …

My English Coursebook Standard Ten Guide Chapter 2.1 You Start Dying Slowly Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up!

Chit-chat:

1. Assuming A, B, C, D, as speakers, ask the assigned questions in your group and discuss.

Question 1.
Assuming A, B, C, D, as speakers, ask the assigned questions in your group and discuss.

Answer:

A	Responses
If you do not study well what will happen?	I will not get good marks in examination. I may fail in the examination. I will be blamed for neglecting studies. Parents will be angry for my negligence.
If you do not participate in school activities/games.	My teacher and friends will treat me as idle and inactive student. I will not be called a sociable student. I will feel solitary and dull. I will not be able to show my skills in games and other co-curricular activities. I will lose my opportunity to gain importance.
B	Responses
If you wake up late on a working day.	I will miss cool, peaceful mornings. Morning chores will get delayed. I will feel dull and lazy. I will lose best hours of work.
If you ignore a friend in need.	Other friends will lose their faith in me. They will leave/avoid me for ignoring my duties towards friend. Many will blame me for my betrayal. I shall face big emotional loss.
C	Responses
If you do not do exercise regularly what will happen?	I will not stay healthy and fit physically and mentally. I will suffer from obesity. I will be easily affected by infections and diseases. I will not feel energetic and active.
D	Responses
If you eat too much junk food what will happen?	I will suffer from obesity. I may lose my immunity. I will not be able to live active life. I will have to spend a lot on my health problems.

2. Things I can do in my life

Question 1.
Things I can do in my life

Answer:

3. Complete the following with and write a paragraph.

Question 1.
Complete the following with and write a paragraph.

Answer:

Space Travel-My Wish According to the novelist H. G. Wells, one of the things to come in future was space travel. It was a fantastic dream then. It has turned into reality now. The invention of rockets, satellites and spaceships (spacecraft) have opened the gates of space travels.

Since I read about the accomplishments of the astronauts of different countries, I had my secret wish of space travelling. I don’t know when and how it will realize but I do wish to travel to space. How shall I enjoy the travel to space!

First I wish to go into the orbit round the earth. Then I shall emerge from the capsule and, still tied to my space vehicle, I shall walk in space. I shall move about in space with the help of space-gun. Then I wish to land on different planets. My first visit will be the moon, of course.

Then waiting and taking rest on a space station built by scientists and engineers, I shall travel to nearby planets. I shall visit Mars, Venus, Jupiter, etc. For that I shall travel by shuttle rocket service between the earth and the space station and from the space station to any other planet of my wish. I shall enjoy different weather, land, food and aliens if at all they exist there. What a marvellous travel it will be!

English Workshop:

1. Read the different messages in the poem given below. Choose the one that suits this poem, best.

Question 1.
Read the different messages in the poem given below. Choose the one that suits this poem, best.
(a) Face life whatever it may give you.
(b) Fulfil all your dreams and unfulfilled desires.
(c) Be yourself and do what your heart tells you.
(d) Accept all possible changes or risks that you have taken.
(e) Keeping your self-esteem intact, just try to relax in life.
Answer:
(c) Be yourself and do what your heart tells you.

2. State the following:

Question a.
Theme/central idea of the poem.
Answer:
Refer to point no (5) of the appreciation of this poem.

Question b.
Line that provides evidence of the theme.
Answer:
If you do not change your life, you start I dying slowly.

Question c.
Three characteristics, from the poem, that makes one dull and uninteresting.
Answer:
The three characteristics from the poem that makes one dull and uninteresting are:

1. becoming a slave of your habits.
2. not going with fresh emotions.
3. not facing exciting, risky challenges.

3. Pick out four Adjectives from the poem and write them down with the nouns they describe.

Question 1.
Pick out four Adjectives from the poem and write them down with the nouns they describe.

1. ………………………
2. ……………………..
3. ……………………..
4. ……………………….

Answer:

1. same paths
2. different colours
3. turbulent emotions
4. sensible advice.

4. Compare the structure of the poem, ‘You start dying slowly to the poems in Unit One (1.1 and 1.3) To which poem does the structure match? ……………….
What differences do you notice in the other ones. Note them down.
1. ……………………..
2. …………………….
3. …………………….
4. …………………….

Question 1.
Compare the structure of the poem, ‘You start dying slowly to the poems in Unit One (1.1 and 1.3) To which poem does the structure match? ……………….
Answer:
1. The structure of the poem 1.3 ‘Basketful of Moonlight’ matches with this poem.
2. What differences do you notice in the other ones. Note them down.

‘A Teenager’s Prayer’	‘You start dying slowly…’
1. Metric, Rhythmic Rhymes, Rhyme Scheme	Free Verse, No rhymes or rhyming scheme.
2. Narrative-Teenager’s prayer to God.	Didactic poem (imparting advice)
3. Quatrain (a group of four lines in each stanza)	Different number of lines in each stanza.
4. Different figures of speech.	Mainly Repetition in the beginning of each line.

5. What expression is repeated in the poem? How many times? Why, do you think, the poet emphasizes it? 

Question 1.
What expression is repeated in the poem? How many times? Why, do you think, the poet emphasizes it?
Answer:
The expression ‘If you do not-‘ is repeated in the poem. It has been repeated 12 times in the beginning of lines in the poem. The poet emphasizes it because he wants to urge strongly to read the poem and stress the things that we should not do. He reminds us every time what we should avoid to do for living good life.

6. Write the opposite of the following in the form of advice using different words and phrases: 

Question 1.
Write the opposite of the following in the form of advice using different words and phrases:
(a) You do not travel × you should travel, as much as you can.
(b) You do not appreciate yourself × …………………..
(c) You kill your self-esteem × you should keep up your self- esteem.
(d) You become a slave of habits ×………………….
(e) You refuse to speak to strangers ×……………………
(f) You do not change your life ×…………………….
(g) You refuse to take a risk × ………………….
Answer:
(a) You do not travel × you should travel, as much as you can.
(b) You do not appreciate yourself × You should appreciate yourself.
(c) You kill your self-esteem × You should keep up your self-esteem.
(d) You become a slave of habits × Don’t become a slave of habits.
(e) You refuse to speak to strangers × You should speak to strangers.
(f) You do not change your life × You should change your life.
(g) You refuse to take a risk × You should always be ready to take a risk.

7. Go through the following steps and discuss in pairs about the facts mentioned in it. Write a paragraph using the points. Give another interesting title.

Question 1.
Go through the following steps and discuss in pairs about the facts mentioned in it. Write a paragraph using the points. Give another interesting title.

Answer:
Mould your living for Brighter Life
Everyone in the world craves for happy life. Everyone has his own concept of happy life. What, in general, can we do for living better life? Living wise and virtuous life is living happy life. Here are some facts and ways of living better life.

You should give up all your bad habits. Bad habits can spoil your whole life and your happiness. Resolve to get rid of one bad habit at a time and finish them off determinently. Never allow negative thoughts to enter your mind. Be always positive. Positive attitude will lead you to happiness and negative thoughts affect your life as well as others around you. Be confident and trust yourself and love whatever you do for good life.

You must be a good learner. Learn from any small things beneath the sun. Enrich your mind and soul by becoming a lifelong learner. Every moment of learning will give you a new experience of life. That also keeps you updated and gives you knowledge of vivid visions of glory.

Sharing and caring are two very important aspects of happy life. Share your sorrows and happiness with others. Take care of those who are around you. You will get love and respect from them. It is our moral abligation and that gives us satisfaction. Be humble to everyone who meets you on the way of your life. Respect and welcome everyone with smile. That gives you joy of your life. If you follow all these rules and values, you will surely live better life.

8. Complete the following table with the things in your life which help you to change your habits and routine.

Question 1.
Complete the following table with the things in your life which help you to change your habits and routine.

Answer:

If I do this	I shall….
If I travel	I shall widen my worldly knowledge and experience.
If I read	I shall be wise and knowledgeable.
If I change my bad habits	I shall lead a gentle and civilized life.
If I play continuously on a mobile phone	I shall miss the pleasures of playing on a playground.
If I don’t make friends	I shall live dull, tedious, solitary and secluded life.

9. Everyone needs inspiration to move ahead or make progress in our life. There are some things which inspire us to live better. What are those things?

Question 1.
Everyone needs inspiration to move ahead or make progress in our life. There are some things which inspire us to live better. What are those things?
(a) Stories
(b) ………….
(c) ………….
(d) ………….
(e) ………….
(f) …………..
Answer:
(a) stories
(b) parent’s support
(c) dreams
(d) role model
(e) faith in your own diligence
(f) motivation.

10. Complete the web diagrams with words that go with their topics.

Question 1.
Complete the web diagrams with words that go with their topics.

Answer:

11. Write about a day when you felt very happy. Use the following questions to help you. Think/Recollect a day.
Note down the points.

1. Do you remember the exact day and date?
2. Was it a special occasion or celebration?
3. What happened on that day?
4. How did you react to the things that happened on that day?
5. How did other people react when they saw you were so happy?
6. What did you do next?
7. What happened in the end?
8. Describe any other emotions you felt that day.

Now, with the help of the guidelines write a short paragraph of at least loo words about that happy day. Give a suitable title for your narrative/write-up.

Question 1.
Write about a day when you felt very happy. Use the following questions to help you. Think/Recollect a day.
Answer:

My Happiest Day
It was Wednesday, the 20th March, 2019. It was my birthday and also was the ‘Sparrows Day’. I had recently read an article about the ‘disappearing sparrows in Mumbai’. I felt very sorry about their miserable condition. From that day I was thinking of doing something for the poor sparrows. Then I decided to celebrate my birthday differently.

I had collected the material I required for making the sparrows happy. I started to set up an open bird- cote near the window of my house. I made a box of light wooden planks. Then I nailed two steel bowls of water on both sides of the cote. I put some grains and seeds on the cote. I filled the bowls with water. I also put some sparrow food inside the box. The box was big enough for the sparrows to move in and out.

Then I waited for the sparrows to come. In the beginning they did come near the cote but did not enter in the cote. They were afraid. But soon, after some hesitation, they began to alight on the cote one after another. They ate grains and drank water.

They chirped and twittered. The whole atmosphere was filled with joy at the sight of the twittering tiny sparrows. My parents and neighbours were very happy and thanked me for the gift I gave them on my birthday. The sparrows were assured that they were safe and no harm was done to them.

It was the biggest and the happiest day of my life. Everyone spoke high of me and praised me for my kind act. My joy knew no bounds. I was feeling proud that I could do something nice for the sparrows in my own small way.

12. Use Internet or any hook to write four inspirational or motivational quotes, related to the message/s in the poem.

Question 1.
Use Internet or any hook to write four inspirational or motivational quotes, related to the message/s in the poem.
Answer:
1. The path from dreams to success does exist, may you have the vision to find it, the courage to get on to it and perseverance to follow it.
2. Variety is the spice of life.
(Students should try to find more such quotes from internet/books.)

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 2.1 You Start Dying Slowly Additional Important Questions and Answers

Read the extract and do the activities:

Simple Factual Activity:

Question 1.
Say whether the following pieces of advice by the poet are Right or Wrong:
Answer:

1. Appreciate your own good qualities. – Right
2. You should kill your self-esteem. – Wrong
3. Be a slave of your bad habits. – Wrong
4. Don’t bother to change the routine. – Right
5. Avoid strong feelings and their unsteady emotions. – Wrong
6. When you are not satisfied even then don’t change your life. – Wrong
7. Go after your dream. – Right
8. Show the courage to risk something. – Right

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Complete the Web:
(Answer is directly given.)
Answer:

Question 2.
What things can lead to slow death?
Answer:
Following things can lead one to a slow death. If one ignores travelling, reading, listening to the sounds of life, knowing one’s own qualities, keeping your self-respect, telling others to help you, then one can lead to slow death. Also, if one becomes a slave of one’s habits, does the same things every day without changing the routine, wears the same colours, avoids speaking to strangers, one can lose his/her happy future.

Question 3.
What is it that makes life worth living? Give four points:
Answer:

1. Be passionate.
2. If we are not satisfied with our job or love, change our ways of Life.
3. Be ready to take any risk courageously.
4. Go after our dreams with perseverance.

Question 4.
Complete the following lines with the help of the extract:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
1. Passions and their emotions shine your eyes and beat your heart fast.
2. If you are not satisfied with your job or love, change your life.

Activity-based on Poetic Devices:

Question 1.
Give your own rhyming words for
1. read and
2. change.
Answer:
1. read – feed
2. change – range

Question 2.
Find out a pair of rhyming words from the extract.
Answer:
Passion – emotion.

Question 3.
Give your own rhyming words for:
1. job
2. fast
Answer:
1. job – rob
2. fast – last.

Appreciation of the Poem

1. Title: The title of the poem is-“You start dying slowly…”
2. Name of the poet: This poem was written by the poet Pablo Neruda.
3. Rhyme scheme: There is no rhyme scheme in the poem. It is written in ‘free verse’ style.
4. Figure of speech (Any one): Apostrophe, Repetition, Antithesis.
5. Theme/Central Idea: (in 2 or 3 lines) The theme of the poem in short is like this: Life must flow and renew itself at every moment of its being. We live fully only when we enrich ourselves with new knowledge, wide experience, fresh emotions, daring encounters and exciting challenges. If we settle for a life that is stagnant, repetitive or conventional, we start dying slowly instead of living the life fully.

English Workshop
(Based on Whole Poem)

Question 1.
The poet has left the last stanza incomplete. What line will you add to complete it?
Answer:
Added line will be – you will lose your hope of happy future.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 4.4 Unbeatable Super Mom – Mary Kom Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 4.4 Unbeatable Super Mom – Mary Kom

My English Coursebook Standard Ten Guide Chapter 4.4 Unbeatable Super Mom – Mary Kom Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming Up:
Chit-Chat

1. Discuss in your class.

Question 1.
Indian women who have made it to International Levels in sports and games. Discuss the following points about each of them.
Answer:
(a) Name of the sportsperson. – Lauta Shivaji Babar
(b) Sport or Game-Long distance running.
(c) Level reached-World championship, Olympic Games.
(d) Outstanding achievem ents-Sportsperson of the Year Award 2015.
(e) Awards/Prizes/Titles-Arjuna Award by Government of India.
Indian Sports Award by FICCI and Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports.

1. Fill in the Table:

Question 1.
Fill in the Table: (Answers are directly given.)

Answer:

Name of Sport/Game	Place where played	Individual or Team Event	Sports Equipment
1. Boxing	Ring	Individual	Boxing gloves
2. Shooting	Shooting range	Individual	Rifle, shooting stand
3. Hockey	Ground	Team	Hockey stick and ball
4. Football	Ground	Team	Football, Net
5. Badminton	Court	Individual/Pair	Racket and Shuttlecock
6. Kabaddi	Ground	Team

Question 2.
Complete the interview with an imaginary captain of Ladies Cricket Team of your Town/City/State. Conclude with a farewell message.
Answer:

Interview

Interviewer – J. Prasad (J. P.)
Captain – Vijetha Bhide (V. B.)

• J.P.: Good Morning. We are simply privileged and delighted to have the presence of the Captain j of our State Women’s Cricket Team, which won the final of the Inter State series in Mumbai, last week. Hello Vijetha, welcome to our show.
• V.B.: Thank you for inviting me. I am really grateful to the Government of Maharastra for recognizing my services to state women’s cricket team.
• J.P.: That’s great. You have shown your talent and performance in this Inter State series in Mumbai.
• V.B.: That’s right. The girls gave commendable performances, so the credit goes to the whole team.
• J.P.: Your individual performance was also great. It was a great feat for you.
• V.B.: Thank you. 48 runs in 40 balls is quite good and helping score for the team. Anjali co-ordinated well with me and so it was easy to reach the score.
• J.P.: Do you think regular practice is needed at the domestic level?
• V.B.: Yes, of course! More importantly there is huge need for more tournaments at the domestic level so that the girls can intermingle with the different talents in cricket.
• J.P.: Absolutely right. It gives confidence to girls. Do you think, the coach plays important role in your success? What is your opinion?
• V.B.: You are right. Without a coach how can we develop our game? He guides us at every stage and so we have reached up to this level.
• J.P.: What will be your next move and dream?
• V.B.: Now we will practise for the National level tournaments. And I think the girls have that calibre to pull off some trophies at the National level.
• J.P.: That’s really great. Wish you all the best for your future cricketing career.
• V.B.: Thanks a lot!

English Workshop:

1. Choose the correct alternatives:

Question (a)
What kind of text is it?
(i) story
(ii) speech
(iii) interview
(iv) essay
Answer:
(iii) interview

Question (b)
Which State does Mary Kom belong to?
(i) Maharashtra
(ii) Tamil Nadu
(iii) Kerala
(iv) Manipur
Answer:
(iv) Manipur

Question (c)
Who inspired Mary Kom and other youngsters in Manipur to choose boxing as a career?
(i) Dingko Singh
(ii) Charles Atkinson
(iii) Mangte Tanpa Kom
(iv) Adams
Answer:
(i) Dingko Singh

Question (d)
When did Mary Kom start her career?
(i) 2012
(ii) 2000
(iii) 2001
Answer:
(ii) 2000

2. Go through the text again and find out the name of cities and their importance in Mary Kom’s life. One is given for you. 

Question 1.
Go through the text again and find out the name of cities and their importance in Mary Kom’s life. One is given for you. (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:
(a) Kangthei – Mary Korn’s birth place.
(b) West-Bengal – Regional championship
(c) Pune – Preparation for the Olympics with male boxers.
(d) Manipur – State women’s boxing championship.

3. Write down the full forms of-

Question 1.
Write down the full forms of-
Answer:
(a) OGQ – Olympic Gold Quest
(b) IBN – Indian Broadcasting Network
(c) MTV – Music Television
(d) YPA – Yearly Plan of Action
(e) AIBA – The Amateur International Boxing Association.
(f) CNN – Cable News Network

4. Write the Factfile of Mary Kom, in your notebook.

Question 1.
Write the Factfile of Mary Kom, in your notebook.
Answer:
(a) Full Name – Mary Mangte Kom
(b) Native of – Kangthei village, Moirang Lamkhai in Churachandpur district of rural Manipur in eastern India.

(c) Early life and interests – Grown in humble surroundings of tenant farmers and helping her parents in farm related chores. She was interested in athletics initially and later turned to boxing.

(d) Special sports taken up – Boxing was her main sport.

(e) Inspired by – Dingko Singh who returned from Bangkok Asian games with a gold medal.

(f) Coach – Charles Atkinson.

(g) Early achievements:
1. Victory in the Manipur State Women’s Boxing Championship and the Regional Championship in West Bengal.
2. International debut at the first AIBA Women’s World Boxing Championship in United States.

(h) International achievement:
1. Five times World Boxing Champion and the only boxer to win a medal in every one of the six World Championships.
2. In 2012 Olympics she won a Bronze medal.

(i) Her passion – To make boxing popular among all Indians, especially women and girls.

(j) Future plan – To coach Indian women in boxing in future.

5. Glance through the text and find the special qualities of Mary Kom. Complete the web by putting different qualities of Mary Kom in the boxes: (Answers are directly given.)

Question 1.
Glance through the text and find the special qualities of Mary Kom. Complete the web by putting different qualities of Mary Kom in the boxes: (Answers are directly given.)

Answer:

6. ‘Super mom’ refers to an excellent mother. Give three reasons why ‘super’ has been added to the word ‘mom’ as in the title?

Question 1.
‘Super mom’ refers to an excellent mother. Give three reasons why ‘super’ has been added to the word ‘mom’ as in the title?
1. …………………………………………..
……………………………………………..
2. …………………………………………..
……………………………………………..
3. …………………………………………..
……………………………………………..
Answer:
1. It is quite difficult to balance home and profession and she has managed it like an outstanding woman.
2. Even though she is a successful sportswoman she gives more importance to her family so she has that super understanding.
3. Though a mother, she is an exceptional woman in Indian society to go out and make boxing a career. So she is a super mother.

7. Answer in your own words.

Question (a)
What makes the writer call Mary Kom ‘a legend’?
Answer:
A legend is a famous person, icon or superstar in a particular field. Mary Kom is a famous woman as an Indian boxer. The field is male dominated, but with her efforts and determination she earned name and fame, so in real sense she is a legend not only to the writer but also to all Indians and a real ‘torch-bearer’ for Indian women.

Question (b)
What prime quality did Mary Kom display during her first attempt in Olympic Games? What was her bad luck?
Answer:
Mary practised for Olympics with the male boxers. Her coach was not allowed to accompany her but she went on with confidence, because she had done her homework and was well prepared with her coach. She could play with good tactical knowledge. In semi-finals she was fighting against Adams, a clever counter puncher but Mary was scoring well, but the judges were not pressing the buttons and favouring her rival. So it was her bad luck that she lost in the semi-finals.

Question (c)
What does Mary Kom suggest, for India to win more Olympic Gold Medals?

8. Fill in the flow chart after rearranging the facts below in their proper order, as per the text:

Question 1.
Fill in the flow chart after rearranging the facts below in their proper order, as per the text:
(a) Mary Kom made her first appearance at international level.
(b) She sparred with male boxers in Pune.
(c) Mary Kom won the Manipur State Women’s Boxing Championship.
(d) She won a bronze medal in the 2012 Olympics.
(e) Mary Kom decided to take up boxing.

Answer:

9. Make sentences of your own using the following words:

Question (a)
debut:
Answer:
Sonu Nigam made his singing debut at a very early age.

Question (b)
elation:
Answer:
My father is a man who seldom gives away to elation of mind.

Question (c)
sponsor:
Answer:
The sports events of the club were sponsored by Seth Narayandas Zaveri.

Question (d)
reinforced:
Answer:
The pockets on my jeans are reinforced with double stitching.

Question (e)
humble surroundings:
Answer:
Many people in India live in humble surroundings.

10. Find antonyms of the following words from the text:

Question 1.
Find antonyms of the following words from the text:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. arrogant × humble
2. disqualify × qualify
3. finally × initially

11. Imagine that you are the Captain of your team. A famous cricketer is going to visit your school. You are assigned the task to conduct an interview of that famous cricketer. Frame a set of 10 questions that you will ask the cricketer. Take help of the points given below:

Question 1.
Imagine that you are the Captain of your team. A famous cricketer is going to visit your school. You are assigned the task to conduct an interview of that famous cricketer. Frame a set of 10 questions that you will ask the cricketer. Take help of the points given below:
(a) Early Life
(b) Interest in this field
(c) Inspiration
(d) Coaching and guidance
(e) Achievement/Records
(f) Future plans
(g) Advice to youngsters
Answer:
Interview Questions to be asked to the cricketer:

1. Was it your passion to become a cricketer from your childhood?
2. Who inspired you to become a cricketer?
3. Did your parents help you in your decision? What was their role?
4. What are some of your superstitions before going in to bat?
5. Who is your idol in other games other than cricket?
6. In whose bowling did you score the most runs?
7. If you were not a cricketer what would you be then?
8. What are your future plans?
9. What message would you like to give to the young generation?
10. What is your best achievement till today?

12. Imagine that you are Captain of your team. A famous cricketer is going to visit your school. You are assigned the task to conduct an interview of that famous cricketer. Frame a set of 10 questions that you will ask the cricketer. Take help of the points given below.

Question 1.
Imagine that you are Captain of your team. A famous cricketer is going to visit your school. You are assigned the task to conduct an interview of that famous cricketer. Frame a set of 10 questions that you will ask the cricketer. Take help of the points given below.
(a) Early Life
(b) Training
(c) Achievement
(d) Future plans
Answer:
Mary Kom is a sportswoman who has made India proud with her glorious achievements as a boxer. Basically from Manipur, India, she was the eldest of four siblings and had to work hard from young age to support her family. She took care of her younger siblings and worked in the field with her parents to help them. She is the only Indian woman boxer to have qualified for the 2012 summer Olympics where she won a Bronze Medal.

She is also the first Indian woman boxer to get a Gold medal in Asian games and Commonwealth Games. She was trained by Charles Atkinson. Mary set a new standard in amateur boxing without ever competing in professional boxing. The AIBA awarded Mary Kom with the first AIBA Legends Award for promising boxing career. She is also the recipient of Padma Bhushan, Padma Shri and Arjuna Award for her tremendous achievement in Boxing. She is a legend for Indian women.

13. ‘What Men can do, Women can do better’. Divide your class in 2 groups. Let one group offer points ‘For the topic’ and the other, ‘against the topic’ given above. Note down the points in your notebooks, expand the points in two separate paragraphs of about 15 to 20 lines each. Suggest suitable titles for each:

Question 1.
‘What Men can do, Women can do better’. Divide your class in 2 groups. Let one group offer points ‘For the topic’ and the other, ‘against the topic’ given above. Note down the points in your notebooks, expand the points in two separate paragraphs of about 15 to 20 lines each. Suggest suitable titles for each:
Answer:
Two beautiful Creations of God-Men and Women

For the topic

Men cannot look after their family well compared : to women. It is still believed that men are supposed to be the bread winners and be able to support their wives and children. But now a days many women do this work very easily. Women have proved that they can do anything if given a chance. Now they have started working in Army with men.

In politics, they have proved that they can work better than men. Games like cricket, football, wrestling were the monopoly of men but now by entering in these fields they are proving they can do anything better than men. In astronomy, medicines, teaching they are in the forefront. It is important to remember that differences between men and women do not mean that one gender is less important than the other.

Against the topic

Being raised in a socially conscious environment, we believe men and women are generally equal and should be treated as such. But there are certain fields in which women can’t work as they do not possess the physical strength to work in adverse conditions like protecting our borders. They are rarely found as coal miners. Women cannot climb electricity poles and work on power transformers. They cannot fight in wars or battles. They are not found in off-shore oil drilling platforms.

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 4.4 Unbeatable Super Mom – Mary Kom Additional Important Questions and Answers

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Name the following:

1. The warrior mentioned in the passage –
2. Native place of Mary Kom –
3. Mary Korn’s parents –
4. The sportsperson who won gold medal in Asian games –

Answer:

1. Mary Mangte Kom
2. Kangthei village, Moirang Lamkhai in Churachandpur district of rural Manipur in eastern India.
3. Mangte Tonpa Kom and Mangte Akham Kom.
4. Dingko Singh.

Complete the sentences:

Question 1.
Complete the sentences:

1. Kom grew up in
2. She came from a
3. She had an eager interest in
4. Mary Korn’s career started in

Answer:

1. Kom grew up in humble surroundings.
2. She came from a poor family.
3. She had an eager interest in athletics.
4. Mary Korn’s career started in 2000.

Question 2.
Answer in one-two words:
Answer:

1. Coach -Charles Atkinson
2. Interviewer – Sportskeeda correspondent Taru- kal Srivastava
3. Place of Training – Pune
4. Total medals won in 2012 Olympics by India – 6

Question 3.
State whether you Agree or Disagree with the following statements:
Answer:

1. Mary Korn’s coach was allowed to accompany her during her preparation for Olympics – Disagree
2. Mary practised with male boxers in Pune – Agree
3. Mary is the first Indian female boxer to win an Olympics medal for India – Agree
4. Dodgy judging was not at all the part of the reason for her loss in the semi-finals. – Disagree

Question 4.
Complete the following web chart. (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

Choose the correct alternatives:

Question 1.
What did Mary Kom prefer being called?
(i) Super mom
(ii) Super woman
(iii) Super being
(iv) Super Boxer
Answer:
(i) Super mom

Question 2.
What would be a key factor in your conditioning for the Olympics?
(i) saturated fats
(ii) diet and nutrition
(iii) trophies and medals
Answer:
(ii) Diet and nutrition

Question 3.
Which traditional feminine activity is mentioned in the extract?
(i) washing
(ii) dusting
(iii) cooking
Answer:
(iii) cooking

Question 4.
Which award did Mary receive in 2009?
(i) Sahara Sports Award
(ii) Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award
(iii) Arjuna Award
Answer:
(ii) Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Complete the following sentences:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
1. Mary Korn’s exceptional achievement is she is famed as a five times world Boxing Champion and the only boxer to win a medal in every one of the six world championships.
2. Mary Korn’s parents made their living by working as tenant farmers in jhum fields.

Question 2.
What has added to Mary Kom’s greatness as a boxing champion?
Answer:
Mary Kom made her debut at the first AIBA Women’s World Boxing Championship in United States and won silver medal in the 48 kg weight category. Her greatness is strengthened by the way she apologized to the whole nation for not being able to win the Gold Medal. It has added to Mary Kom’s greatness as a boxing champion.

Question 3.
How did Mary spend her childhood?
Answer:
Mary grew up in humble surroundings. She used to help her parents with farm related chores. She used to learn athletics initially and later boxing simultaneously. She had an eager interest in athletics since childhood.

Question 4.
Complete the following web:
(Answer is directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 5.
What failed to pressurize Mary Kom during the Olympics?
Answer:
She was the only female representative from India and her coach Charles Atkinson was not allowed to accompany her to the Olympics failed to pressurize Mary Kom during the Olympics.

Question 6.
What can help Indian sportsmen to win more Olympic medals?
Answer:
More corporates should come in and sponsor players, so that the players don’t have to face financial pressure and can just focus on their game. More and more people should take up sports as a full-time career if we want to win more gold medals. This can help Indian sportsmen to win more Olympic medals.

Question 7.
What did OGQ do for Mary Kom?
Answer:
OGQ played a big role in shaping the boxing scene in India. OGQ really played an important part in Mary’s success. They helped her out whenever she needed something. They took care of everything Which helped her focus on her boxing and kept her stress-free.

Question 8.
What is Mary’s opinion about future of Indian boxing?
Answer:
According to Mary Kom the future of Indian boxing is bright. She is also sure that many boxers would win medals for India.

Question 9.
How did Mary Kom increase her weight?
Answer:
According to Mary diet and nutrition must be the key factor in conditioning body, but that is a neglected area in Indian sports. She had to focus on what to eat. When she started diet and nutritions, she put on her weight by 3 kg. And she could compete in 51 kg event instead of usual 48 kg.

Activities based on Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Give one word for the following explanation:
Answer:

1. The first public appearance – debut
2. One who makes history – legend
3. Farming, shifting cultivation – Jhum
4. Successful ending of a struggle or contest – victory

Question 2.
Find the full form of:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
U.S. – United States

Use the following words in your own sentences:

Question 1.
legend:
Answer:
Lata is a legend in her own lifetime.

Find out antonyms of the following words from the text:

Question 1.
Find out antonyms of the following words from the text:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. failure × success
2. rich × poor
3. died × born
4. urban × rural
5. defeat × victory

Question 2.
Pick out from the passage the verb forms of:
Answer:
1. birth – born
2. qualification – qualify

Question 3.
Pick out from the passage the noun forms of:
1. succeed
2. prepare
Answer:
1. succeed – success
2. prepare – preparation

Question 4.
Pick out from the passage the adjective forms of:
1. dodge
2. tactic
Answer:
1. dodge – dodgy
2. tactic – tactical

Find out opposite words for the following from the passage.

Question 1.
Find out opposite words for the following from the passage.
Answer:

1. hated × adored/admired
2. fair × unfair
3. inclusive × exclusive
4. losing × winning

Pick out from the passage the verb forms of the following:

Question 1.
Pick out from the passage the verb forms of the following:
Answer:

1. company – accompany
2. practice – practise
3. decision – decide
4. requirement – require

Pick out the noun forms of the following:

Question 1.
Pick out the noun forms of the following:
Answer:

1. add – addition
2. achieve – achievement
3. represent – representative
4. change – change

Pick out the adjective form of the following:

Question 1.
Pick out the adjective form of the following:
Answer:

1. finance – financial
2. confidence – confident
3. favour – favourite
4. proportion. – proportionate

Question 2.
Write down the full forms of –
Answer:

1. OGQ – Olympic Gold Quest
2. CNN – Cable News Network
3. IBN – Indian Broadcasting Network
4. MTV – Music Television
5. YPA – Yearly Plan of Action

Question 3.
Pick out from the passage the adjective forms of.
Answer:

1. nutrition – nutritional
2. female – feminine
3. tradition – traditional
4. saturate – saturated
5. addition – additional

Question 4.
Pick out from the passage the verb forms of. (Answers are directly given and underlined)
Answer:

1. competition – compete
2. negligence – neglect
3. cooking – cook
4. preference – prefer

Question 5.
Pick out from the passage the noun forms of.
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
1. aware – awareness
2. require – requirement

Question 6.
Pick out from the passage the adjective forms of.
Answer:

1. nutrition – nutritional
2. female – feminine
3. tradition – traditional
4. saturate – saturated
5. addition – additional

Question 7.
Pick out from the passage the verb forms of. (Answers are directly given and underlined)
Answer:

1. competition – compete
2. negligence – neglect
3. cooking – cook
4. preference – prefer

Question 8.
Pick out from the passage the noun forms of.
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. aware – awareness
2. require – requirement

Activities based on Contextual Grammar:

Question 1.
Choose the tail tags given in the brackets and complete the following sentences:
(isn’t she?, hadn’t he?, wasn’t he?, weren’t they?) (Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. Her father was a keen wrestler in his younger age; wasn’t he?
2. Dingko Singh had inspired many youngsters in Manipur, hadn’t he?
3. Her parents were tenant farmers in jhum fields, weren’t they?
4. She is famed as a five times World Boxing Champion, isn’t she?

Question 2.
Underline the subordinate clause in the given sentence and state its kind.
Enough has been said about this great warrior, who conquered the world.
Answer:
Enough has been said about this great warrior who conquered the world – Adjective clause.

Question 3.
Identify the tense:

1. Sometimes it becomes really difficult to keep them under control.
2. They took care of everything.
3. In a few years boxing will be very popular among everyone in India.
4. You have broken several stereotypes about the women in India.

Answer:

1. Simple Present Tense
2. Simple Past Tense
3. Simple Future Tense
4. Present Perfect Tense.

Pick out the subordinate clause and state its kind:

Question 1.
Do you think nutrition is a neglected area in Indian sports?
Answer:
Subordinate clause – (that) nutrition is a neglected area in Indian sports?
Kind-Noun clause.

Question 2.
Identify the tense:

1. Sometimes it becomes really difficult to keep them under control.
2. They took care of everything.
3. In a few years boxing will be very popular among everyone in India.
4. You have several stereotypes about the women in India.

Answer:

1. Simple Present Tense
2. Simple Past Tense
3. Simple Future Tense
4. Present Perfect Tense.

Pick out the subordinate clause and state its kind:

Question 1.
Do you think nutrition is a neglected area in Indian sports?
Answer:
Subordinate clause – (that) nutrition is a neglected area in Indian sports?
Kind-Noun clause.

Question 2.
That’s the best thing, that has happened to me
Answer:
Subordinate clause – that has happened to me.
Kind-Adjective clause.

Do as directed:

Question 1.
She came from a poor family.
(Rewrite as a negative sentence without changing its meaning.)
Answer:
She didn’t come from a rich family.

Question 2.
Her father was a keen wrestler.
(Rewrite the sentence in simple present tense.)
Answer:
Her father is a keen wrestler.

Question 3.
Charles Atkinson was not allowed to accompany Mary to the Olympics.
Answer:
Charles Atkinson was prevented from accompanying Mary to the Olympics.

Question 4.
Mary was the only female representative from India in boxing. (Make it negative.)
Answer:
No other female representative except Mary represented India in boxing.

Question 5.
Some of the decisions were unfortunate. (Make it negative.)
Answer:
Some of the decisions were not fortunate.

Question 6.
Some of the decisions did not work to my benefit. (Make it Affirmative.)
Answer:
Some of the decisions hardly worked to my benefit.

Underline the subordinate clause and state its kind: (Subordinate clauses are directly underlined.)

Question 1.
Underline the subordinate clause and state its kind:
(Subordinate clauses are directly underlined.)
Answer:
1. The male boxers were kind enough to practise with me, whenever I required them.
Kind: Adverb clause of time
2. I think more and more people should take up sports as a full-time career.
Kind: Noun clause.
3. India managed just 6 medals in the 2012 Olympics, even though we are a nation of 1.3 billion people.
Kind: Adverb clause of contrast/condition.

Question 2.
Complete the words by using correct letters:
Answer:

1. b o _ e r – boxer
2. t r _ i n – train
3. sp_rts – sports
4. f i _ h t – fight

Question 3.
Put the words in alphabetical order:
1. boxing, elation, success, change
2. awareness, award, already, achievement
Answer:
1. boxing, change, elation, success
2. achievement, already, award, awareness

Question 4.
Punctuate the following sentences:
1. mary said trained hard in pune and the male boxers were kind enough to practise with me whenever required them
2. interviewer asked mary kom what do you prefer being called super mom or super boxer
Answer:
1. Mary said, “I trained hard in Pune and the male boxers were kind enough to practise with me whenever I required them.”
2. Interviewer asked Mary Kom, “What do you prefer being called-Super Mom or Super Boxer?”

Question 5.
Make four words (minimum 3 letters each) using the letters in the word: ‘representative’
Answer:

1. present
2. native
3. rent
4. rate

Question 6.
Write related words as shown in the example: (Answer is directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 7.
Complete the word-chain of verbs. Add four words, each beginning with the last letter of the previous word.
start, → t…………., …………., …………., ………….
Answer:
start, → treat, take, enter, redress.

1. Attempt anyone:

Question (a)
Make a meaningful sentence by using the phrase ‘to be successful.’ :
Ans.
Hardwork and perseverance are the key ; components to be successful in life.

OR

Question (b)
Add a clause to the sentence to expand it meaningfully:
This is our world
Ans.
This is our world where we can get strange experiences.

2. Attempt anyone:

Question (a)
Add prefix or suffix to make new words:
1. amaze
2. educate
Answer:
1. amaze – amazing
2. educate – educated, education

OR

Question (b)
Make a meaningful sentence using any one of the following words:
1. amaze
2. educate
Answer:
1. I was amazed at her general knowledge.
2. It is the duty of our government to educate every child of our country.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Describe your favourite sportswoman.
Answer:
Saina Nehwal is my favorite sports woman. She is the ace badminton player representing India. She started playing badminton at a tender age of eight. She was trained by Nani Prasad and was under strict fitness regime prepared by her trainer. She proved her mettle in 2006 when she became under-19 National Champion in badminton. She is one of the athletes supported by ‘Olympic Gold Quest’-a foundation that supports athletes, who have potential to win Olympic gold.

Question 2.
Do you like games? Why?
Answer:
Yes. I like games because it makes me active and energetic. It builds my mental and physical power. It develops my concentration. Overall, it develops my personality so I play different games.

Question 3.
Do you think financial support is very necessary for the sportsmen? Why?
Answer:
The sportsmen whose financial condition is not good cannot afford proper diet due to lack of money. They can neither buy sports material necessary for them nor participate in some important events due to shortage of money. If they get good financial support, they can get training from a good coach to improve their game. So it is very necessary for them to get financial support.

Question 4.
Name some sportswomen you know:
Answer:

1. Saina Nehwal
2. P.V. Sindhu
3. Mithali Raj
4. Geeta Phogat
5. Sania Mirza
6. Anjali Bhagwat

Question 5.
What is Mary Kom more proud of being a boxer or a mother?
Answer:
It is well said, ‘The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.’ She is more proud of being a mother because she knows with her hands she can make lives of her kids. Mother is next to God-in fact a visible God, so even on the ground she thinks about her children. Children are the first priority in her life, because she has to nurture her children and bring them up with love and care.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 4.6 A Brave Heart Dedicated to Science and Humanity Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 4.6 A Brave Heart Dedicated to Science and Humanity

My English Coursebook Standard Ten Guide Chapter 4.6 A Brave Heart Dedicated to Science and Humanity Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up:
Chit-chat

Question 1.
Have you ever participated in or visited a science exhibition?
Answer:
Yes, last year I along with my friends participated in ward level science exhibition and selected for district level exhibition.

Question 2.
Did you observe/learn any new things there ? What are those ?
Answer:
Yes, we observed and learnt a lot there.

1. Everyone was busy in his/her experiment.
2. Everyone was trying to prove something. We learnt that if we work consistently we can achieve anything in our life.
3. The pairs or groups of students were working hard together to make the exhibit successful.

Question 3.
“Scientists have to work very hard and make many sacrifices for years to achieve success in their experiments”. Why?
Answer:
Hard work is the key to success. While working on any project they forget everything around them and concentrate on the experiment while doing so they sacrifice their health, hunger, family, likes, hobbies and then only they are able to carry out the undertaken experiment and get the results of it.

Question 4.
What is the difference between a discovery and an invention?
Answer:
Discovery is the process of finding information, a place or an object, especially for the first time. It is an act of finding something which is in existence but not known before. Invention is something that has never been made or processed before. It is something newly designed or created.

1. Discuss in pairs/groups about the precautions one has to take while working in a science laboratory. Write them in the form of Dos and Dont’s:

Question 1.
Discuss in pairs/groups about the precautions one has to take while working in a science laboratory. Write them in the form of Dos and Dont’s:

Answer:

Dos	Don’ts
1. Handle test tubes and glass apparatus with care.	1. Don’t touch chemicals with bare hands.
2. Inform the lab attendant if there is a problem.	2. Don’t eat, drink, chew gum or apply cosmetics in the lab.
3. Wash your hands before you leave the lab for the day.	3. Do not work with chemical until you are sure of their safe handling.
4. Wear appropriate safety attire when in the laboratory-safety goggles, lab aprons, etc.	4. Do not use the phone or computer with gloves on your hands.

2. Study the underlined Predicate in each of the sentences below and note the difference:

Question 1.
Study the underlined Predicate in each of the sentences below and note the difference:
Answer:
1. I met Debbie, [(verb (met) + noun (Debbie)]
We study Grammar, [verb (study) + noun (Grammar)]
(The object answers WHAT? or WHO? when asked to the verb.)

2. He become tired, [(verb (become) + complement (tired)]
They are hungry, [(verb (are) + complement (hungry)]
The verbs (became/are) incomplete without the words that follow (tired/hungry.) So ‘tired’ and ‘hungry’ are Complements of the verbs ‘became’ and ‘are’.)

3. She spoke softly.
They live here.
He turned early.
(The verbs in the Predicates are followed by Adverbials since they indicate
How?/Where/When the action in the verb takes place.)
Now Say whether the Predicate in the following sentence contain Object or Complement or Adverbial after the verb:
Answer:
(a) He looked upwards. Complement
(b) My brother is injured. Complement
(c) We scored a goal. Object
(d) We beat the opponents. Object
(e) She answered perfectly. Adverbial
(f) The guests arrived early. Adverbial
(g) I shall be happy. Complement
(h) You wrote the address. Object

English Workshop:

1. Write one sentence each, why the following years were landmarks in the lives of Pierre and Marie Curie:

Question 1.
Write one sentence each, why the following years were landmarks in the lives of Pierre and Marie Curie: (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. 1895 – Marie and Pierre got married.
2. 1902 – Radium was discovered.
3. 1903 – The Curies along with Henry Becquerel were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery of Radium and Polonium.
4. 1906 – Pierre was knocked down and killed by a horse-drawn wagon.
5. 1911 – Marie was awarded the Nobel Prize for the second time for Chemistry.

2. Complete the web diagram with the qualities of Madame Curie:

Question 1.
Complete the web diagram with the qualities of Madame Curie:

Answer:

3. Name the following:

Question (a)
Two discoverers of New lands.
1. ……………………..
2. …………………….
Answer:
1. Columbus
2. Vasco da Gama

Question (b)
Two conquerers of the peak of Mt. Everest.
1. …………………..
2. ………………….
Answer:
1. Hillary
2. Tenzing

Question (c)
Original name of Madame Curie.
…………………………………………….
Answer:
Marja Sklowdaska

Question (d)
Her place of birth.
………………………………………………
Answer:
Warsaw, in Poland

Question (e)
Subjects Marie majored in, at the University of Paris.
………………………………………………
Answer:
Physics and Mathematics.

Question (f)
Nationality of her husband Pierre:
………………………………………………
Answer:
French.

Question (g)
Scientist who discovered the properties of uranium-
Answer:
Henri Becquerel

Question (h)
Two radioactive elements discovered by Curies-
Answer:
Polonium and Radium.

4. Read the text carefully and match the incidents occured in Madam Curie’s life given in table A with the years in table B.

5. Think and answer in your own words.

Question (a)
What common characteristics did Marie and Pierre share, as a student?
Answer:
When Marie went to Sorbonne the University of Paris she spent her days in poverty. Her friend Pierre was brilliant but a poor scientist. Due to lack of money they began to work in a shabby laboratory. Being students they were brilliant scholars but poverty was an obstacle in their way.

Question (b)
Which of the two scientists was greater than the other? Say why.
Answer:
I think Madame Curie was greater than Pierre Curie because she wanted to study in Paris but the poverty at home did not allow her to continue. But with her own efforts and confidence she could fulfil her childhood dream. Even in that condition she got married to a person who was poor. And even after his death, she did not deter and continued her work and was awarded the Nobel Prize. It shows that she was really a great human being and a scientist.

Question (c)
Why was the gift of a ton of pitchblende, a great stroke of luck to the Curies?
Answer:
Being very expensive the Curies couldn’t buy pitchblende on a large scale but when their admirer, the emperor of Austria gifted them the most precious gift of a ton of pitchblende they could do their experiment on a large scale and find out what they wanted to achieve. So it was a great stroke of luck to the Curies.

Question (d)
Besides the uses of Radium and Polonium mentioned in the text, in what other way do you think, it is used in the field of medicine?
Answer:
Radium is used to produce radon gas which in turn, is used to treat cancer. Radiation given off by radium is sometimes used also to study the composition of metals, plastics and other material.

The alpha rays emitted by Polonium can be used to eliminate static electricity. Polonium is also used in anti-static brushes to eliminate dust on photographic film.

Question (e)
What proves that Marie Curie was a true lover of humanity and not of wealth?
Answer:
Marie Curie could have patented her discovery and earned a lot of money. But she believed in working for Science and whatever she discovered belonged to the people and not to her so in real sense she thought about humanity not money. She was a true lover of humanity and not of wealth.

6. Find words/phrases from the text that are synonyms of the word ‘brave’:

Question 1.
Find words/phrases from the text that are synonyms of the word ‘brave’:
Answer:
courageous indomitable powerful

7. Read and understand the following words. Find out/search for proverbs/thoughts/quotes/ slogans that are related to each of them:

Question 1.
Read and understand the following words. Find out/search for proverbs/thoughts/quotes/ slogans that are related to each of them:
Answer:
(a) Courage: Courage is the complement of fear. One with courage to laugh is master of the world. Courage is a kingdom without a crown.
(b) Strength of character: Knowledge will give you power, but weakness of attitude becomes weakness of character.
(c) Determination: A dream doesn’t become reality through magic, it takes sweat, determination and hardwork. The difference between the impossible and the possible lies in a man’s determination.
(d) Hard-work: Success is the result of perfection, hardwork, learning from failure, loyalty and persistence. There is simply no substitute for hardwork when it comes to achieving success.

8. Match the branches of Science with what fields they study:

Question 1.
Match the branches of Science with what fields they study:

’A’	B’
(a) Ecology	(i) Study of Atmosphere
(b) Geology	(ii) Study of Plant-life
(c) Meteorology	(iii) Study of the Universe
(d) Anatomy	(iv) Study of living organisms and environment
(e) Botany	(v) Study of human mind and emotions
(f) Psychology	(vi) Study of structure and functions of the body
(g) Cosmology	(vii) Study of solid earth and rocks

Answer:
(a) Ecology – Study of living organisms and environment
(b) Geology – Study of solid earth and rocks
(c) Meteorology – Study of Atmosphere
(d) Anatomy – Study of structure and functions of the body
(e) Botany – Study of Plant-life
(f) Psychology – Study of human mind and emotions
(g) Cosmology – Study of the Universe

9. Imagine that your school needs some Scientific equipment, apparatus and formulae charts for the laboratory. Being the in-charge of Science Committee, write a letter to the Headmaster of your school suggesting him some Scientific equipment and apparatus required for Standard X Science practicals. Take help of the information given below to complete your letter.

Question 1.
Imagine that your school needs some Scientific equipment, apparatus and formulae charts for the laboratory. Being the in-charge of Science Committee, write a letter to the Headmaster of your school suggesting him some Scientific equipment and apparatus required for Standard X Science practicals. Take help of the information given below to complete your letter.

Answer:
Sanjay Sharma,
In-charge of Science Committee,
New English High School,
Akola-444 001.
1 January, 2020.

To,
The Headmaster,
New English High School,
Akola.
Subject: Requirement of scientific equipment, apparatus and formulae charts for the laboratory.

Respected sir,

With regard to learning Science content, processes and views of the nature of Science experiments play significant role in Science. As per the new syllabus, new subjects and some experiments are included in revised Science coursebooks. Experiments give immense pleasure of self-learning and observations.

The equipment and apparatus that we have been using in our Science laboratory are outdated and rarely of any use. If we bring some new, definitely it will arose interest in learning Science and doing some experiments on our own. Being in-charge of Science Committee, I request you on behalf of all students and teachers to bring following equipment and apparatus in our Science laboratory.

1. 2 compound microscope
2. 2 Hand lens
3. 6 Beakers
4. 3 Beakers Tongs
5. 3 Test Tube holder
6. Thermometer
7. Safety goggles-6
8. 6 funnels
9. 1 microwave oven
10. 2 pipette
11. Graduated Cylinder
12. Vernier Calliper
13. Meters
14. Compass
15. Stop clock

You are well aware that due to lack of equipment our Science teachers can’t conduct some experiments in the lab.

Hope you will understand our difficulty and buy the listed equipment and apparatus as early as possible so that the subject of Science can be well understood by doing various experiments in the laboratory.
Anticipating your valuable help in this respect.

Thanking you,

Yours obediently,
Sanjay Sharma
In-charge of Science Committee.

10. ‘There is no short-cut to success’. Expand this maxim with a suitable introduction, body, examples and conclusion. Write it in your notebook in about 20 lines.

Question 1.
‘There is no short-cut to success’. Expand this maxim with a suitable introduction, body, examples and conclusion. Write it in your notebook in about 20 lines.
Answer:
‘There is no Short-cut to Success.’
It is often said that success requires hardwork and great diligence as well as commitment. This makes success a long-term achievement. Everybody thinks that there are some easier ways to live life, no need to work hard for livelihood but the truth is that easier ways are always the toughest ways. Most of us forget that for reaching success, the road is not strewn with roses. Success is an achievement by constant diligence and most of us lack the essential quality, diligence. The magic of hardwork and perseverance cannot be underestimated.

Most of the time it happens that we start our efforts but soon lose heart half-way and give up our efforts and thus fail to reach the pinnacle of success. If we have the confidence in our efforts, there is nothing that can deter us from achieving. Sitting in front of Television and watching the shopping network channel, fascinating over the new-miracle making abs machine which promises you the six- pack abs only in 5 minutes of daily exercises, you think that product is heaven sent, so you grab your phone book the order and start dreaming about your perfect body. Two months later, that wonder abs machine is at the back of your master closet gathering dust. As you can see, you will have to do the work when reaching a goal and the success that comes with it.

You have to understand that you might have to make sacrifices during your journey and you need to put in the hours required in order to get where you want to reach. Those who sit pretty and just complain about the success of others are the ones who do not do much in life. Those who make continuous efforts for a long time in the right direction rarely lose in the struggle of life. So one important password for all of us to follow is that there is no short cut to success.

Project:

The life and work and inventions of Marie Curie are given in detail in the text. Go to your library or search on internet at least five famous scientists who have given great inventions to the world and write about them or prepare a chart showing the information about them.

Language Study:

1. Pick out the Prefixes and Suffixes from the following words and find the root word:

Question 1.
Pick out the Prefixes and Suffixes from the following words and find the root word:

Answer:

Word	Prefix	Suffix	Root Word
1. unattainable	un	able	attain
2. indomitable	in	able	–
3. disheartening	dis	ing	hearten
4. incalculable	in	able	calculate
5. disconsolate	dis	ate	console
6. ensuring	en	ing	sure

2. Say whether the Predicates in the sentences below contain Objects/Complements/Adverbials:

Question (A)
Say whether the Predicates in the sentences below contain Objects/Complements/Adverbials: (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:
(a) Madame Curie discovered radium. – Object
(b) Pierre was knocked down. – Complement
(c) Pitchblende was expensive. – Complement
(d) The couple took a flat. – Object
(e) They moved cautiously, success came finally. – Adverbial

Question (B)
Pick out the Conjunctions in the following sentences and say whether they are Subordinators or Coordinators.
Answer:
(a) There are women who show extreme courage. – who – subordinator
(b) Pitchblende was an extremely expensive substance, so they could not afford to buy. – so-subordinator
(c) After her daily household work, Marie settled down to studv. – After-subordinator
(d) Marie wanted to study in Paris but her father could not afford it. – but-coordinator
(e) History is full of chapters that tell of extraordinary people! – that-subordinator

Live English!

Question (a)
What is Blogging?
Answer:
The term blog is short for web log. It is an online public diary which lists each diary entry in reverse order so that new diary entries are placed on the top of the page, and older entries are placed below. Each entry is called a post.

Question (b)
Who Blogs?
Answer:
Anyone can create a blog, if they have a basic understanding of the way the software works. There are privately owned blogs on individual webpages, which require a little knowledge about creating webpages, but there are also blog creation services which allow you to quickly and easily set up your own blog. You can add posts as often as you like, and can say almost anything that you want. Blogs are created for a lot of different reasons, and by many different people.

Question (c)
What Are Blogs About?
Answer:
There are many topics that a blog may contain, depending on who is updating it and why. Many blogs provide news or comment in response to a particular subject, like local news, politics or even hobbies. Food blogs are popular for people who want to share recipes, and many political activists and writers have blogs which are used to respond to current political topics. Many blogs also function as personal online diaries.

Question (d)
Blog Classification
Answer:
A blog is usually textual, based on news and commentary, although there are other types of blogs which are gaining popularity. Artlogs are blogs which focus on art, Photoblogs focus on photography, Sketch- blogs focus on sketching, and so on. There are also a few specialised types of blogs, including Vblogging or video blogging, and Podcasting or audio blogging.

Question (e)
Creating a Blog on the Internet
Answer:
If you have a good understanding of webpage design and development, you may be able to create your own blog on a personal website. Otherwise, your best option is to choose a website that does the setting up for you, so that all you have to do is join, customise a little and begin to write. There are many blog websites like www.livejournal.com, www.wordpress.com, www.blogger.com or www.blogs.myspace.com which will allow you to quickly and easily create your own blog. They also give you the option to set controls so that you can choose to allow only friends or only yourself to read them.

Question (f)
Blog Popularity
Answer:
Blogs are becoming more and more popular for many reasons. This is because they offer a wealth of information on a lot of different topics. They also drive traffic to websites by attracting new visitors with interesting blog column commentary. Blogs are a great tool because they allow anyone to express themselves on the Internet. If you are looking for a way to express yourself online, or to share information regarding a favourite subject of yours, beginning your own blog may be the best option for you because everyone has an opinion on the Internet, and soon everyone will have their own personal weblog too.

Now with the help of your teacher create your own Blog on one of the following given topics.

1. Your experiences and recently celebrated birthday party.
2. Your expectations from the school.
3. Describe the surroundings of your residence.
4. Describe a cultural programme/campaign/project conducted at your school.

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 4.6 A Brave Heart Dedicated to Science and Humanity Additional Important Questions and Answers

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Write the importance of the years. (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:
1. 1867-Marie Curie was born.
2. 1895-Marie and Pierre got married.

Question 2.
State whether the following statements are True or False:
Answer:

1. Pitchblende is a black, very hard and cheap substance – False
2. Men could see many substances through the powerful rays of Uranium. – True
3. The emperor of Austria gifted a ton of pitchblende to the Curies – True
4. The Curies sacrificed all their luxuries of life to save money to buy pitchblende. – True

Name the following:

Question 1.
An admirer of the Curies.
Answer:
The emperor of Austria.

Question 2.
A black, very hard and expensive substance-
Answer:
Pitchblende.

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
What qualities do great achievers possess?
Answer:
Great achievers possess qualities like commitment, courage, dedication and singleness of
purpose in their effort.

Question 2.
What information do you get about Marie’s early life?
Answer:
Marie was born in a poor family. Her childhood dream was to study Science in Paris but her father could not afford the expenses for this. So she worked as a governess and saved a little money and went to Sorbonne, the University of Paris to study science. Thus she worked hard in her childhood to fulfil her dream.

Question 3.
What are the signs of poverty suffered by the young couple? ( wt WT oTFlcft?)
Answer:
The young couple was very poor indeed. They started their journey from a shabby laboratory. They took a flat in Paris which contained hardly any furniture. Marie used to work and settle down to study in laboratory in a wooden shed near their flat. It had a leaky skylight and an earthen floor. All these things are the signs of poverty suffered by the young couple.

Question 4.
Complete the following sentences:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. Madame Curie dedicated her life to the cause of Science and to the welfare of humanity.
2. The qualities that great achievers possess are extraordinary courage, determination and singleness of purpose.
3. Marie Curie could not study Science in Paris and fulfil her childhood dream because her father could not afford the expenses of her studies.
4. Marie and Pierre set up a laboratory in a wooden shed near their flat.

Question 5.
What proves Marie’s strong will power?
Answer:
When the couple could not buy pitchblende which was an expensive substance they sacrificed all the luxuries of life to save money. They lived in extreme poverty. They could not buy costly food and warm clothes for extremely cold Parisian winter. They could not sleep due to lack of warmth. Marie refused to take rest whenever her husband begged her to give up the struggle. All the above incidents prove that Marie had a strong will power to achieve the aim of her life.

Question 6.
Why were the two new substances named Polonium and Radium?
Answer:
When Pierre and Marie found two new substances in their new discovery, she called one Polonium in honour of her country Poland and being the most powerful of the radioactive elements another was called “Radium”.

Question 7.
Which gift did she receive from the emperor of Austria? Why was it the most precious for them?
Answer:
Pitchblende is a very expensive substance which Pierre and Marie could not afford to buy in large quantity for their experiments. The emperor of Austria was an admirer of the Curies. So he gifted them a ton of pitchblende so that the Curies could carry out their experiments easily.

Question 8.
How is radium used in the medical field?
Answer:
The benefits of radium in the world of medicine are incalculable. It has been used with great effect in treatment of cancer. The bacteria of such diseases as typhus, cholera and anthrax can also be killed by radium so it was a great gift in the medical field.

Question 9.
How did Pierre meet with an early death?
Answer:
In 1906 Pierre was knocked down and killed by a horse – drawn wagon and thus met with an early death leaving Marie disconsolate.

Question 10.
What makes Marie Curie an exceptional scientist?
Answer:
When Marie and Perrie discovered Radium and Polonium they could have patented their discovery and become rich but Marie refused to do so and gave it free to the world and the world of medicine. She also believed that Radium belongs to the people not to her. She worked selflessly without expecting money. Her humanity and selflessness make Marie Curie an exceptional scientist.

Question 11.
Describe how Curies first sighted Radium. What was its colour?
Answer:
After continuing their work for more than four years on a September night, the Curies after a day’s tiresome work, went to the laboratory to have another look at the hundreds of small bowls into which they had poured filtered pitchblende. While moving forward in the dark laboratory they found rays of soft, bluish purple light coming from the small glass-covered bowls. Thus they sighted the Radium for the first time. Its colour was bluish purple.

Activity-based on Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Find out the words from the passage which mean:

1. unbeatable
2. discouraging
3. hardly
4. illiteracy

Answer:

1. indomitable
2. disheartening
3. scarcely
4. ignorance

Question 2.
Find out antonyms for the following from the passage: (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. economical × expensive
2. poverty × luxury
3. chill × warmth
4. worthless × precious

Question 3.
Write down the describing words used for the following nouns:

1. work
2. pitchblende
3. colour
4. desire.

Answer:

1. tiresome work
2. filtered pitchblende
3. beautiful colour
4. compulsive desire

Activities based on Contextual Grammar:

Question 1.
Her father could not afford the expenses of her education in Paris. (Make it affirmative.)
Answer:
Her father was unable to afford the expenses of her education in Paris.

Question 2.
Her life in the University was a disheartening experience in poverty and hunger. (Make it negative.)
Answer:
Her life in the University was not an encouraging/heartening experience in poverty and hunger.

Question 3.
Marie took a job as a governess and saved a little money. (Rewrite using ‘by’ + ing.)
Answer:
Marie saved a little money by taking a job as a governess.

Question 4.
Marie Curie’s childhood dream was to study science in Paris, but her father could not afford the j expense for this. (Rewrite using’Though’.)
Answer:
Though Marie Curie’s childhood dream was to study science in Paris, her father could not afford ; the expense for this.

Change the degree:

Question 1.
Pitchblende was the most precious gift the Curies had received.
Answer:
(a) Positive – No other gift the Curies had, received was as precious as pitchblende.
(b) Comparative – Pitchblende was more precious gift than any other gifts the Curies had received.

Question 2.
Pitchblende is one of the most expensive substances.
Answer:
(a) Positive – Very few substances are as expensive as pitchblende.
(b) Comparative – Pitchblende is more expensive substance than most other substances.

Change the voice:

Question 1.
In 1906, Pierre was knocked down by a horse – drawn wagon. (Begin the sentence with ‘A horse-drawn wagon’.)
Answer:
A horse-drawn wagon knocked down Pierre in 1906.

Question 2.
In 1911, Marie was awarded the Nobel Prize. (Begin the sentence with ‘They’)
Answer:
They awarded Marie the Nobel Prize in 1911.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Describe your favourite scientist.
Answer:
C.V. Raman who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1930 is my favourite scientist. He was the first Asian and first non-white to receive any Nobel Prize in Science. He was the first to investigate the harmonic nature of the sound of the Indian drums such as the tabla and the Mrudangam. He discovered that, when light traverses a transparent material, some of the deflected light changes in wavelength.

Question 2.
What qualities, do you think, are important to get success in our life?
Answer:
There are some key components of success without which we cannot succeed in our life. First our mindset-without a positive mindset the rest of these components won’t have as much power as they should. Staying focused on goal is also important. Besides it, dedication, discipline and determination are important factors to get success in our life.

Question 3.
Why are awards and prizes given to the people in different fields?
Answer:
An award or a prize is something given to a person, in recognition of his or her excellence in a certain field. It may also simply be a public acknowledgement of excellence. It boosts the j recipient’s confidence. It also encourages and inspires him/her to do better in his/her life. It also inspires other people in different fields to achieve something great.

Language Study:

1. Coordinators: Coordinators are words that join grammatically, equal units together. E.g., and, but, or, nor are the main Coordinators.

2. Subordinators: Words whose function is to establish an unequal grammatical relationship are called subordinators. that, for, who, whether, if, because, so. Dependent clauses Principal clause that, for, who, whether, if, because, so subordinate conjunctions (subordinators)

Do as directed:

Question 1.
Complete the words by using correct letters:
Answer:

1. bre _ d – bread
2. b i _ t h – birth
3. la _ ge – large
4. p r i _ e – prize

Question 2.
Put these words in alphabetical order:
1. lifeless, hostile, endurance, progress
2. commitment, characterise, courage, costly
Answer:
1. endurance, hostile, lifeless, progress
2. characterise, commitment, costly, courage

Question 3.
Punctuate the following sentences:
1. do you remember the day when you told me that you wanted radium to have a beautiful colour marie said to her husband
2. she replied i am working for science radium belongs to the people not to me
Answer:
1. “Do you remember the day when you told me that you wanted radium to have a beautiful colour?” Marie said to her husband.
2. She replied, “I am working for science. Radium belongs to the people, not to me.”

Question 4.
Make four words (minimum 3 letters each) using the letters in the given word: ‘ incalculable’
Answer:

1. ill
2. call
3. able
4. cube

Question 5.
Write related words as shown in the example:
(Answer is directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 6.
Complete the word-chain of verbs. Add four words, each beginning with the last letter of the previous word!
eat → t……….., ……………, ………….., …………….
Answer:
eat → take , extend , develop , paddle.

1. Attempt any one:

Question (a)
Make a meaningful sentence of your own using the phrase: ‘to fight against ’
Answer:
Kailash Satyarthi has been fighting against child labour for the last several years.

OR

Question (b)
Add a clause to the following sentence to expand it meaningfully:
The history is the subject ………………. .
Answer:
The history is the subject which gives the narration of episodes happened in the past.

2. Attempt any one:

Question (a)
Add prefix or suffix to make new words :
1. ignore
2. dedicate
Answer:
1. ignorance
2. dedication

OR

Question (b)
Make a meaningful sentence using any one of the following words :
1. ignore
2. dedicate
Answer:
1. Don’t ignore your parent’s advice.
2. Dedicate your life for poor; the father told his son.

Live English:

Blogging:

1. Terms – (Blogging)
2. Blog – Web log which is an online public diary.
3. Purpose – Anybody can create blog for any reason.
4. About – Function as personal online diaries
5. Types – Artlogs – Focus on art
6. Photologs – Focus on photography
7. Sketch – Focus on sketching
   blogging – Video blogging
8. Podcasting – Audio blogging
9. Creating – You can create your own blog on a personal website or any other websites like www.livejournal.com, www.wordpress.com, www.blogger. corn, www.blogs.rny-space.com
10. Popularity – Blogs allow anyone to express themselves on the Internet and it becomes popular if people like it.

Steps of creating blogs:

Starting a blog is the best way to share your Ideas and expertise online.
Follow the given steps to create your blog.

• Choose your blogging platform. (word press)
• Choose a Domain name. (www.yourblog.com)
• Sign up with Web Host and install Word Press (www.bluehost.com is good hosting provider)
• Sign up with a web hosting.
• Choose the hosting plan.
• Choose the domain name you want.
• Complete your registration.
• Install wordpress with one-click installation.
• Log into your new blog.
• Customizing and choosing a blog theme.
• Adding Post and Pages.
• Get Traffic and monetize your blog.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 2.3 The Twins Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 2.3 The Twins

My English Coursebook Standard Ten Guide Chapter 2.3 The Twins Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up!

Chit-chat:

1. Two babies born at the same time are called twins. Guess and share who are :

• triplets
• quadraplets
• quintiplets

Question 1.
Two babies born at the same time are called twins. Guess and share who are :
Answer:

1. Three babies born at the same time to the same mother are called triplets.
2. Four babies born at the same time to the same mother are called quadruplets.
3. Five babies born at the same time to the same mother are called quintuplets.

2. Imagine you liad an identical twin (brother or sisiter). Imagine and share with your classmates what pranks you two would play on your friends, elders in the family and even in school.

Question 1.
Imagine you liad an identical twin (brother or sisiter). Imagine and share with your classmates what pranks you two would play on your friends, elders in the family and even in school.
Answer:
Points: At home : Blame your twin brother for the wrongs/breakage/damage done by you – eat his sweets/sweetmeats and demand it again as the other one – if one did some thing special good, the other pretends as it is done by him – In school: One makes mischief in the class and points his finger at the other, he is guilty of doing something wrong throws blame on the other.

1. Study the following pairs or groups of words. Cup and saucer/needle and thread/birds and beasts/take a risk/sip tea or coffee/hide and seek etc.
These are sets of words that more than often go together and occur together. We call such sets Collocation.
Insert the proper words from the bracket to form collocations.
(a) afford (b) time (c) defeat (d) clothes (e) owners (f) necessary (g) role (h) interview (i) morning (j) cold
(a) absolutely ……………
(b) cannot ………………
(c) formal ……………..
(d) job ……………….
(e) pass ………………
(f) accept …………….
(g) early ………………
(h) catch a …………….
(i) leading ……………..
(j) joint ………………..

Question 1.
Insert the proper words from the bracket to form collocations.
[(a) afford, (b) time, (c) defeat, (d) clothes, (e) owners, (f) necessary, (g) role, (h) interview, (i) morning, (j) cold.]
Answer:
(a) absolutely necessary
(b) cannot afford
(c) formal clothes
(d) job interview
(e) pass time
(f) accept defeat
(g) early morning
(h) catch a cold
(î) leading role
(j) joint owners

2. Exaggeration or overstatement often causes humour. For example, She is thin as a pin.

• He has a pea-sized brain
• My shoes are killthg me.

When such exaggerated lines occur in poetry, they are examples of the Figure of Speech: Hyperbole.
Complete the following examples of Hyperbole using words from the bracket below.
(a) She wept …………………… of tears.
(b) The hungry man ate a …………………… of food.
(c) He runs faster than a ……………………
(d) Brrrr..! I am freezing to ……………………
(e) I shall come over in just a ……………………
(horse/lion/death/an ocean/ton/second/help)

Question 1.
Complete the following examples of Hyperbole using words from the bracket below.
(a) She wept …………………… of tears.
(b) The hungry man ate a …………………… of food.
(c) He runs faster than a ……………………
(d) Brrrr..! I am freezing to ……………………
(e) I shall come over in just a ……………………
(horse/lion/death/an ocean/ton/second/help)
Answer:
(a) She wept an ocean of tears.
(b) The hungry man ate a ton of food.
(c) He runs faster than a horse.
(d) Brrrr..! I am freezing to death.
(e) I shall come over in just a second.

English Workshop:

1. Rewrite putting the mistakes in the speaker’s life, in their proper order.
(a) The speaker got beaten-up, often, at school.
(b) The speaker’s bride became his brother’s wife.
(c) The speaker desparately asked for guidance.
(d) No one in the family could distinguish between the twin – babies.
(e) At the naming ceremony wrong names were given to the two twin brothers.
(f) Even in death, the twins were not spared during burial.

Question 1.
Rewrite putting the mistakes in the speaker’s life, in their proper order.
(a) The speaker got beaten-up, often, at school.
(b) The speaker’s bride became his brother’s wife.
(c) The speaker desparately asked for guidance.
(d) No one in the family could distinguish between the twin – babies.
(e) At the naming ceremony wrong names were given to the two twin brothers.
(f) Even in death, the twins were not spared during burial.
Answer:
(a) No one in the family could distinguish between the twin-babies.
(b) At the naming ceremony wrong names were given to the twin brothers.
(c) He (the narrator) got beaten-up, often, at school.
(d) The speaker desperately asked for guidance.
(e) The speaker’s bride became his brother’s wife.
(f) Even in death, the twins were not spared during burial.

2. Pick out four situations in the lives of the twins, which are too absurd and senseless to believe.
1. ………………..
2. ………………..
3. ………………..
4. ………………..

Question 1.
Pick out four situations in the lives of the twins, which are too absurd and senseless to believe.
Answer:

1. The people began mistaking one for the other.
2. The speaker’s brother got the name John, intended for the speaker.
3. The speaker’s intended bride became his brother’s wife.
4. When the speaker died, the neighbours came and buried his brother John.

3. (A) Complete the web diagram.

(B) Write any two lines from the poem, that you find most humorous.

Question a.
Complete the web diagram.

Answer:

Question b.
Write any two lines from the poem, that you find most humorous.
Answer:
1. For somehow, my intended bride Became my brother’s wife.
2. When I died, the neighbours came And buried brother John.

4. Pick out lines that contain :
Alliteration
(a) ………………………………
(b) ………………………………
(c) ………………………………

Pun
(a) ………………………………
(b) ………………………………

Hyperbole
(a) ………………………………
(b) ………………………………

Question 1.
Pick out lines that contain
Answer:
Alliteration:
(a) In form and feature, face and limb.
(b) It puzzled all our kith and kin.
(c) One day, to make the matter worse.

Pun:
(a) I grew so like my brother.
(b) That folks got taking me for him.

Hyperbole:
(a) It reached a fearful pitch.
(b) We got completely mixed.

5. Pick out from the poem sets of words that generally go together.

Question 1.
Pick out from the poem sets of words that generally go together.
For example, kith and kin.
(a) ………………………………
(b) ……………………………….
(c) ……………………………….
(d) ……………………………….
Answer:
(a) form and feature
(b) face and limb
(c) turned the tide
(d) fearful pitch
(e) domestic life
(f) fate’s decree

6. Write in your notebook, the summary of this poem in about 15 to 20 lines in your own words. You can suggest another humourous title.

Question 1.
Write in your notebook, the summary of this poem in about 15 to 20 lines in your own words. You can suggest another humourous title.
Answer:
(Student should write the summary with the help of the paraphrase of the poem given in this book.)
Another humorous title: Twists in the lives of Twins.

7. Write an Appreciation of the poem with reference to all the points mentioned on Page 5.

Question 1.
Write an Appreciation of the poem with reference to all the points mentioned on Page 5.
Answer:
Appreciation of the Poem

1. Title: The title of the poem is ‘The Twins’.
2. Name of the poet: The name of the poet is Henry S. Leigh.
3. Rhyme scheme: The rhyme scheme of the poem is “abab”.
4. Figure of speech (Any one): Alliteration, hyperbole.
5. Theme / Central Idea: The central idea of the poem is the problems faced by one of the identical twins.
6. All the problems are so exaggerated that they create humorous effect. Still, the poet achieves a balance by making the reader believe, at least for a short time, the way of thinking of his argument.

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 2.3 The Twins Additional Important Questions and Answers

Read the extract and do the activities:

Simple Factual Activity:

Question 1.
Complete the following with the information given in the extract:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. The twins were similar to each other in form and feature and face and limb.
2. The people mistook the twins, one for the another.
3. No one knew who was a twin.
4. Kith and Kin were puzzled by the brother’s similarity.

Question 2.
Complete the following sentences using the information from the extract:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. The narrator should have been christened John.
2. The narrator’s brother was named as John.
3. The twins got mixed up when they were being washed by nurse.
4. The twins were mixed up before their names were fixed.

Question 3.
Complete the following sentences using the information from the extract:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. The narrator got flogged when John turned out a fool.
2. The narrator got punishment with a flogging.
3. His likeness with his brother dogged poet’s footsteps at school.
4. The narrator asked the question fruitlessly.

Question 4.
Who became the wife of narrator’s brother ?
Answer:
The narrator’s intended wife became his brother’s wife.

Question 5.
What turned the tide of the narrator’s domestic life?
Answer:
The close resemblance between the twins turned the tide of the narrator’s domestic life.

Question 6.
What continued year after year?
Answer:
The same absurd mistakes continued year after year.

Question 7.
Who according to the poet died?
Answer:
According to the poet (narrator) he himself died.

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
What was the puzzling thing about the twins?
Answer:
Both twins were so much alike in every way that no one could distinguish one from the other.

Question 2.
Pick out from the extract words/phrases that tell that the narrator was like his brother John.
Answer:
‘In form and feature, face and limb, I grew so like my brother,’ ‘That folks got taking me for him and each for one another’, and ‘not a soul knew which’

Question 3.
What is the mix-up mentioned in this extract?
Answer:
The narrator got christened his brother and the brother got christened John. The name, John, was actually intended for the narrator.

Question 4.
Write any two lines from the extract that you find humorous.
Answer:
1. As we were being washed by nurse, we got completely mixed.
2. My brother John got christened me, And I get christened him.

Question 5.
Pick out from the extract the question that narrator asks everyone. Can you answer the question?
Answer:
The narrator asked everyone what he would do if he were he (the narrator) to prove that he was actually himself. The only advice that can be given in such a case is to keep some different outward signs like mode of dress, hairstyle, mannerisms, etc. to identify oneself.

Question 6.
How did the narrator suffer at school?
OR
Who was put to disadvantage at school due to the similarity? How?
Answer:
As a result of the similarity between the narrator and his brother, he (the narrator) was always getting beaten for the mistakes committed at school by his brother.

Question 7.
Complete the web:
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

Activities based on Poetic Device:

Question 1.
Write the rhyming pairs from the extract:
Answer:

1. limb – him
2. brother – another
3. kin – twin
4. pitch – which.

Question 2.
Name the figures of speech:

Question a.
In form and feature, face and limb.
Answer:
Alliteration.

Question b.
For one of us was born a twin, Yet not a soul knew which.
Answer:
Hyperbole.

Question 3.
List the rhyming pairs from the extract:
Answer:

1. worse – nurse
2. fixed – mixed
3. decree – me
4. whim – him.

Question 4.
Name and explain the figure of speech:

Question a.
As we were being washed by nurse.
Answer:
Alliteration: The letter ‘w’ is pleasingly repeated.

Question b.
My brother John got christened me, And I got christened him.
Answer:
Hyperbole: The statement is exaggerated for humour.

Question 5.
Write the rhyming words for the following from the extract:

1. dogged
2. school
3. knew
4. fruitlessly

Answer:

1. dogged – flogged
2. school – fool
3. knew – you
4. fruitlessly – me.

Question 6.
Write lines from the extract that show the figure of speech:
– hyperbole
Answer:
And I was always getting flogged, For John turned out a fool.
The lines are exaggerated for creating humour.

Question 7.
Write the rhyming pairs from the extract:
Answer:

1. tide – bride
2. life – wife
3. same – came
4. on – John.

Question 8.
Write an example of the figure of speech – Hyperbole:
Answer:
And when I died, the neighbours came And buried brother John.
The statement or fact has been exaggerated to create humour.

Vocabulary Focus:

Question 1.
Find from the poem the words that generally go together:
Answer:

1. orm and features
2. face and limb
3. kith and kin
4. fearful pitch
5. fate’s decree
6. got christened
7. close resemblance
8. turn the tide
9. domestic life
10. intended bride
11. absurd mistake
12. put (this) question
13. get flogged

Question 2.
Write as many words as you can using-ful as suffix.
Answer:
basketful-bucketful-handful-spoonful- colourful-sackful-bagful-potful