Category: Class 11

Std 11 Economics Chapter 4 Question Answer The Economy of Maharashtra Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 11 Economics Solutions Chapter 4 The Economy of Maharashtra Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Class 11 Economics Chapter 4 The Economy of Maharashtra Question Answer Maharashtra Board

Economics Class 11 Chapter 4 Question Answer Maharashtra Board

1. Give economic terms:

Question 1.
Investments did by foreign companies in our country.
Answer:
Liberalisation

Question 2.
Programme for development of the small, medium, and micro industries.
Answer:
MSICDP

Question 3.
The basic requirement for facilitating the production and distribution of goods and services for economic development.
Answer:
Social infrastructure

Question 4.
A movement that promotes values of self-help democracy and equality.
Answer:
Co-operative movement

2. Find the odd word out:

Question 1.
Agricultural Indebtedness, dry farming, lack of capital, engineering
Answer:
Engineering

Question 2.
Tourism, Banking, Automobile Production, Insurance
Answer:
Automobile Production

Question 3.
Pune, Hyderabad, Nasik, Nagpur
Answer:
Hyderabad

Question 4.
MTDC, MAITRI, SEZ, MIDC
Answer:
MTDC

Question 5.
Primary education, Hospitality, Higher education, Skill-based education.
Answer:
Hospitality

3. Identify and explain the concepts from the given illustrations:

Question 1.
To facilitate research in robotic technology, Japan has invested ₹ 1000 crores in India.
Answer:
Liberalisation – Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).
Due to the Liberalisation Act of 1991, foreign direct investment became easy in the Indian Industrial Sector. This led Japan to invest ₹ 1000 crores in India.
The FDI inflow in Maharashtra till September 2017 was ₹ 6,11,760 crores.

Question 2.
Prajakta and her family visited the beaches during her eight-day Diwali vacation.
Answer:
Tourism.
It is a business of providing and arranging holidays and the tourism department focuses to attract more and more tourists to Maharashtra to earn revenue for the state. To promote tourism, the government formulated Maharashtra Tourism Policy, 2016.

Question 3.
Pravin from Latur works as a technician in the films division at Mumbai city.
Answer:
Entertainment Industry.
The Entertainment Sector of Maharashtra generates employment opportunities for a large number of people. Thus, Pravin came to Mumbai and worked as a technician in the film division.

Question 4.
Rani Gond from Chandrapur works as a hostess with the Mumbai-Goa cruise ship.
Answer:
Hospitality.
It means friendly and generous receptions and entertainment of guests, visitors, or strangers. Hospitality is a broader industry than other industries and has grown rapidly in Maharashtra due to the development of the tourism business in Maharashtra.

4. Distinguish between:

Question 1.
Economic Infrastructure and Social Infrastructure.
Answer:

Question 2.
The agriculture sector and Service sector.
Answer:

Question 3.
Tourism and Hospitality.
Answer:

Question 4.
Education and Health Services.
Answer:

5. Answer the following:

Question 1.
Explain the role of Co-operative movement in Maharashtra.
Answer:
Following is the role of the Co-operative movement in Maharashtra:

• Co-operative movements have been vastly successful in the overall improvement of the quality of life in rural areas.
• The co-operative movement has improved the lives of the people and has made a significant contribution to the economy of Maharashtra.
• Due to cooperative movement, Maharashtra is considered as the land of opportunities, as it is one of the most developed states, not only economical but also in terms of infrastructure.
• There are some other roles of co-operative movements such as agro-processing industry, agro-marketing, sugar co-operatives, fisheries Co-operative societies, Co-operative dairy societies, textiles, housing societies, etc.

Question 2.
Explain in detail the measures taken by the government for the agricultural development of Maharashtra.
Answer:
Following are the measures are taken by the government for the agriculture development of Maharashtra:

• Availability and distribution of quality seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, water sources by dams, well, turbines, etc.
• Establishment of Centre of Excellence to transfer technologies, creating awareness about agricultural information.
• Use of renewable energy in agriculture and allied activities.
• Creation of water resources for round the year cultivation.
• The Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana(PMKSY) is another scheme to expand the cultivated areas with assured irrigation and reduce wastage of water.
• National Agriculture Market (NAM) has been introduced to promote reform of the agricultural marketing sector.

Question 3.
Explain the major problems in the industrial sector of Maharashtra.
Answer:
Major problems in the industrial sector are as follows:

• On the government level, the decision-making system is so poor that it results in huge cost escalation, increasing interest burden, and higher burden on consumers.
• India’s population is very high but there is a shortage of trained, well-educated, energetic, and experienced people.
• The technology used in industries is outdated and it affects production.
• Lack of infrastructures like transportation, communication, sewage, water, and electric system available at a high cost, results in an increase in production cost.
• Due to a lack of motivation for new entrepreneurs, self-motivation will help to achieve the entrepreneurial goals.
• Regional imbalances exist in all sectors of the economy. Especially, it is found more in the industrial sector.

Question 4.
Explain the measures taken to develop social infrastructure in Maharashtra.
Answer:
Measures taken to develop social infrastructure in Maharashtra are as follows:

(i) Education:

• Right to Education (RTE) to children in the age group of 6-14 years.
• Free and compulsory education under the program Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA).
• Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) was launched in 2009 to improve access and quality secondary education.
• Efforts are taken to expand opportunities in higher education.
• Other measures like inclusive education, girl’s education, adult literacy, and tribal education were also taken by the government.

(ii) Health Services:
Various programmes like National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and National Urban Health Mission – (NUHM) were undertaken to strengthen the health system in rural and urban areas created 3 tier health infrastructure to provide comprehensive health services.

(iii) Tourism:

• Formulated Maharashtra Tourism Policy, 2016.
• Organises different events like the Ellora festival, Elephanta festival, etc.
• Launched the scheme of ‘Mahabhraman’.

(iv) Hospitality:
Provides services through, Airlines, Mumbai-Goa cruise ships, fancier trains (Deccan Odyssey), restaurants, etc.

(v) Entertainment:
Generated employment opportunities by producing a large number of films.

6. Read the following passage and answer the questions given below:

The government of India has launched an ambitious programme of ‘Bharatnet’ for rural India by keeping in mind today’s modern era. More than one lakh rural (Grampanchayat) areas have been connected under Bharatnet’s high-speed broadband scheme. Maharashtra has become the best-performing state. East Uttar Pradesh, Chattisgarh, Rajasthan, and Jharkhand have also been placed among the best performing states in the first phase of the Bharatnet broadband connection scheme.

Question 1.
Why did the Government of India launch the Bharatnet project?
Answer:
The Government of India launched the ambitious programme of Bharatnet especially for rural India to get connected under Bharatnet’s high-speed broadband scheme.

Question 2.
How many Gram panchayats have received Internet services?
Answer:
More than one lakh Gram panchayats have received internet services.

Question 3.
Which states have been placed as the best performing states in the first phase of Bharatnet?
Answer:
Maharashtra, East Uttar Pradesh, Chattisgarh, Rajasthan, and Jharkhand have been placed as the best-performing state in the first phase of Bharatnet.

Question 4.
‘Internet has brought the world closer’ – Express your views on it.
Answer:
Yes, Communication has become very simple through e-mails. People can get connected online through the internet which can see each other living in another corner of the world. Through the internet, we can get each and every piece of information required for studies, research, business, etc. Messaging apps are the fastest way of communication that can be connected through the internet which also saves cost.

11th Economics Digest Chapter 4 The Economy of Maharashtra Intext Questions and Answers

Find out: (Textbook Page No. 26)

Names of any five enterprises from each category producing the following goods in Maharashtra: chemicals, food processing, textiles, automobiles, I.T., and pharmaceuticals.
Answer:
Companies or Enterprises producing the following goods in Maharashtra:

[Source: Internet]

Try this: (Textbook Page No. 27)

Classify the services into services for business and services for final consumers.
[Fintech, IT/ITES, Startups, Cloud Computing, Electric Vehicles, Defence, Tourism and Private Universities]
Answer:

Think about it: (Textbook Page No. 25)

What will happen if the farmers sell their farm produce without the middlemen?
Answer:

• Middleman charge commission and make a profit by taking goods from farmers and selling them to the general public.
• If the middleman is removed then farmers will get more price for their produce as well as consumers will also get products at a lesser price.
• Sometimes middlemen create an artificial shortage of products which increases the price, thus this artificial shortage can be cut down by abolishing middlemen.
• Farmer can get right to fix price for their own product after adding sufficient profit margin which will help them to grow in future.

Find out: (Textbook Page No. 28)

Symbols of the following:
(i) Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA)
(ii) Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA)
(iii) Adult Literacy Mission (ALM)
Answer:

Maharashtra State Board Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions

• Basic Concepts in Economics Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Money Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Partition Values Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• The Economy of Maharashtra Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Rural Development in India Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Population in India Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Unemployment in India Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Poverty in India Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Economic Policy of India Since 1991 Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Economic Planning in India Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions

Std 11 Economics Chapter 3 Question Answer Partition Values Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 11 Economics Solutions Chapter 3 Partition Values Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Class 11 Economics Chapter 3 Partition Values Question Answer Maharashtra Board

Economics Class 11 Chapter 3 Question Answer Maharashtra Board

1. Choose the correct option:

Question 1.
Statements that do not apply to Quartiles.
(a) First arrange the values in ascending or descending order.
(b) Observation can be divided into 4 parts.
(c) They are represented as Q₁, Q₂, and Q₃
(d) Q₂ is also known as the median.
Options:
(1) a
(2) b and c
(3) a, b and c
(4) None of these
Answer:
(4) None of these

Question 2.
D₇ from the given data.
Data – 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
Options:
(1) 7
(2) 9
(3) 10
(4) 12
Answer:
(1) 7

Question 3.
Statements related to partition values that are correct.
(a) Exact divisions of percentiles into 100 parts gives 99 points
(b) Deciles have total of 9 parts
(c) Quartiles are shown by Q₁, Q₂, and Q₃
(d) Symbolically, Percentiles and Deciles are shown by P and D
Options:
(1) a and c
(2) a and b
(3) a, b and c
(4) a, c and d
Answer:
(4) a, c and d

2. Identify the correct pairs from the given options:

Options:
(1) 1-b, 2-c, 3-a
(2) 1-c, 2-a, 3-b
(3) 1-c, 2-b, 3-a
(4) 1-a, 2-b, 3-c
Answer:
Correct Pair: (2) 1-c, 2-a, 3-b

3. Give economic terms:

Question 1.
Procedure for dividing the data into equal parts.
Answer:
Partitioning

Question 2.
The value that divides the series into ten equal parts.
Answer:
Deciles

Question 3.
The value that divides the whole set of observations into four equal parts.
Answer:
Quartiles

4. Solve the following:

Question 1.
Calculate Q₁, D₄, and P₂₆ for the following data.
18, 24, 45, 29, 4, 7, 28, 49, 16, 26, 25, 12, 10, 9, 8
Answer:
Q₁ = 9, D₄ = 13.6, P₂₆ = 9.16

Question 2.
Calculate Q₃, D₅, and P₃₅ for the given data.

Answer:
Q₃ = ₹ 5 Lakhs, D₅ = ₹ 4 Lakhs, P₃₅ = ₹ 4 Lakhs

Question 3.
Find out P₅₀ for the following data:

Answer:
P₅₀ = ₹ 68 Wages

Question 4.
Calculate Q₃ for the following data:

Answer:
Q₃ = ₹ 56.09 Lakhs

Question 5.
Calculate D₇ for the following data.

Answer:
D₇ = ₹ 52.1875

Question 6.
Calculate P₁₅ for the following data.

Answer:
P₁₅ = ₹ 20 lakhs

5. State with reasons whether you agree or disagree with the following statements:

Question 1.
Partition values have application only in theory but not in practice.
OR
Partition values are not useful in economics.
Answer:
No, I do not agree with the statement.

• Partition values like quartiles are useful to economists to know the final information related to income, sales, stock data, etc.
• Also, deciles and percentiles help economists to measure in the detail the poverty line, inequality of income, household, wealth, etc.
• Hence, partition values are useful in Economics.

Question 2.
Average can misinterpret the representative value.
Answer:
Yes, I agree with the statement.

• Average is not based on all observations because it is a positional average and their values are affected by sampling fluctuations.
• Averages give more importance to larger values and less to smaller values.
• Thus, such data can misinterpret the representative value.

Question 3.
Median is also known as the second quartile.
Answer:
Yes, I agree with the statement.

• Median is the middlemost value in the arranged data.
• It is the value that divides the series into two equal parts, so that the number of items above it, is equal to the number of items below it.
• It is not affected by extreme values.
• Median = n/2 and Q₂ = 2 (n/4) i.e n/2.
• Therefore, the Median is equal to the second quartile.

6. Answer the following questions on the basis of the given table:

Question 1.
Write the formula of Q₁ and Q₃.
Answer:
Q₁ = size of \(\left(\frac{n+1}{4}\right)^{\text {th }}\) Observation
Q₃ = size of 3 \(\left(\frac{n+1}{4}\right)^{\text {th }}\) Observation

Question 2.
Find out the cumulative frequency of the last value in the above data.
Answer:
Cumulative frequency = 38.

Question 3.
Find out the value of ‘n’ in the above data.
Answer:
n = 38

Question 4.
Find out the median of the above data?
Answer:
Median = 30.

11th Economics Digest Chapter 3 Partition Values Intext Questions and Answers

Do you know? (Text Book Page No. 14)

Statistics Day: Prof. Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis, an Indian Statistician was instrumental in formulating India’s strategy for industrialization in the Second Five Year Plan (1956-61) which later came to be known as Mahalanobis Model.

Mahalanobis devised a measure of comparison between two data sets that are known as the Mahalanobis distance. He also devised a statistical method called ‘fractile graphical analysis’ which could be used to compare the socio-economic conditions of different groups of people. In recognition of the notable contributions made by P. C. Mahalanobis in the field of economic planning and statistical development, the Government of India has designated the 29th of June every year, coinciding with his birth anniversary as ‘Statistics Day’, in the category of Special day to be celebrated at the national level.

Question 1.
Who formulated India’s strategy for industrialization?
Answer:
Prof. Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis, an Indian Statistician formulated India’s strategy for industrialization.

Question 2.
What is the Mahalanobis distance?
Answer:
A measure of comparison between two data sets is called Mahalanobis distance.

Question 3.
What is fractile graphical analysis?
Answer:
Fractile graphical analysis is a statistical method that can be used to compare the socio-economic; conditions of different groups of people. This method was devised by Prof. P.C. Mahalanobis.

Question 4.
When and why is ‘Statistics Day’ celebrate?
Answer:
Statistics Day is celebrated on 29th June every year in recognition of the notable contributions made by Prof. P.C. Mahalanobis in the field of economic planning and statistical development.

Question 5.
What is the Mahalanobis model?
Answer:
Mahalanobis model is India’s strategy for industrialization in the second five-year plan (1956-61), which was formulated by Prof. P.C. Mahalanobis.

Maharashtra State Board Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions

• Basic Concepts in Economics Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Money Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Partition Values Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• The Economy of Maharashtra Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Rural Development in India Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Population in India Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Unemployment in India Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Poverty in India Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Economic Policy of India Since 1991 Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Economic Planning in India Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions

Std 11 Economics Chapter 2 Question Answer Money Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 11 Economics Solutions Chapter 2 Money Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Class 11 Economics Chapter 2 Money Question Answer Maharashtra Board

Economics Class 11 Chapter 2 Question Answer Maharashtra Board

1. Complete the correlation:

Question 1.
Primary function of money : Medium of exchange : : ___________ : Transfer of value
Answer:
Secondary function of money

Question 2.
___________ : Basis of credit : : Secondary functions of money : Standard of deferred payments.
Answer:
Contingent function of money

Question 3.
Commodity money : Shells : : ___________ : Credit card
Answer:
Plastic money

Question 4.
Divisibility : Smaller denomination : : ___________ : Easy to carry from one place to another.
Answer:
Portability

Question 5.
Barter system : Goods : : Modern economy : ___________
Answer:
Money

2. Give economic terms:

Question 1.
The act of exchanging goods for goods – ___________
Answer:
Barter System

Question 2.
Provision for making payments in future – ___________
Answer:
Deferred payment

Question 3.
System that makes use of currency for facilitating payments – ___________
Answer:
Digital system

Question 4.
Credit instrument through which bank deposits are transferable – ___________
Answer:
Cheque/Demand Draft

Question 5.
Monetary value stored and transferred electronically by means of computer hard drive or servers – ___________
Answer:
E-money

Question 6.
Money not accounted for in the bank and not disclosed to the government – ___________
Answer:
Black money

3. Choose the correct option:

Question 1.
Arrange in order of evolution of money.
(a) Metallic money
(b) Animal money
(c) Metallic coins
(d) Commodity money
Options:
1) a, b, c, d
2) b, d, a, c
3) d, c, a, b
4) c, a, b, d
Answer:
2) b, d, a, c

Question 2.
Arrange in order of Evolution of money.
(a) Plastic money
(b) Electronic money
(c) Paper money
(d) Credit money
Options:
1) b, d, a, c
2) a, b, c, d
3) d, c, b, a
4) c, d, a, b
Answer:
4) c, d, a, b

4. Identify and explain the concepts from the given illustrations:

Question 1.
Vasantsheth provides coal from his shop to farmers in exchange for foodgrains.
Answer:
Barter System.
The barter system refers to the exchange of goods against goods. In the above case, it is a barter exchange as Vasantsheth exchanges coal against food grains.

Question 2.
Babanrao deposits his money in a nationalized bank.
Answer:
Bank Money.
Bank money or credit money refers to cash deposits saved by people. It can be withdrawn or transferred or demanded by means of cheque, draft, etc. In the above case, it is bank money, because Mr. Babanrao deposits his cash into the bank as deposits.

Question 3.
Charu used her debit card to purchase a shirt for her younger brother.
Answer:
Plastic Money.
Plastic money is optional money in the form of Debit cards and Credit cards. In the above case, Charu purchases a shirt with a debit card. Hence, she is using a form of Plastic money.

Question 4.
Malathi purchased a house through an agent. The agent accepted the commission amount in cash but did not issue a receipt to her.
Answer:
Black money.
Money that is received in cash but not accounted for and on which tax is not paid to Government is called Black Money. In the above case, the agent did not issue a receipt to Malathi, hence it will be a case of Black money.

Question 5.
To prevent misuse/fraudulent use of the national currency, a note ban is imposed on its use at certain times.
Answer:
Demonetization.
Demonetization is a tool to control black money in a country. A note ban is a case of demonetization.

5. State with reasons whether you agree or disagree with the following statements:

Question 1.
There are no difficulties in the barter system.
Answer:
No, I do not agree with the statement.
A barter system is a process of exchange under which people exchange goods and services produced by them with goods and services produced by others. With the progress of civilization, human wants to be multiplied and the barter system of exchange became obsolete. This was because of various inherent limitations. They are as follows:

• Lack of double coincidence of wants: Barter exchange cannot take place unless there is a double coincidence of wants. Under Barter System wants may not always coincide.
• Lack of common measure of value: In the Barter System, there was no common measuring unit of account, so it was difficult to calculate the value of goods to be exchanged.
• The problem of storage: There was the problem of storage under Barter exchange because most of the commodities exchanged were agricultural in nature. Such as rice, wheat, etc. which were perishable.
• The problem of divisibility: There was the problem of divisibility when it was a bulky commodity. E.g. exchange of rice and wheat with the horse was difficult.
• The problem of making deferred payments: Future payment was not possible in the Barter exchange. Borrowing and lending were difficult.

Question 2.
There are many good qualities found in modern currency.
Answer:
Yes, I agree with the statement.
There are many good qualities found in a modern currency like:

• General Acceptability: It must be generally accepted as a medium of exchange.
• Stability: The purchasing power of money should be stable because money serves as a store of value.
• Cognizability: It must be easily recognizable or identifiable. For E.g. Notes of different denominations must be of different sizes, colours, etc. so that they can be easily identified.
• Durability: Money should be durable also i.e. its value should not fluctuate too much.
• Divisibility: Money should be divisible into units of smaller denominations.
• Portability: It should be easy to handle and carry from one place to another.
• Homogeneity: Money of the same denomination should be identical in shape, size, colour, etc.

Question 3.
Many tasks are accomplished with money.
Answer:
Yes, I do agree with the statement.
Money performs a number of functions in today’s economy. They are as follows:

• Medium of Exchange: It serves as a medium of exchange, i.e. any commodity can be purchased or sold for money.
• The measure of Value: Money helps to compare the price of commodities in the modern economy, which was not possible during the Barter period. Value of commodity can be expressed in different currencies like Rupee in India, Dollar in the U.S.A., etc.
• Standard of deferred payment: Deferred payment means making payment at a future date. This was not possible in a barter economy, because taking loans was easy, but its repayment was difficult as the loan was in form of grains, cattle, etc.
• Store of value: Money made possible the habit of saving for the future. Saving was not possible during the barter economy as commodities started deteriorating after a certain period of time. But with the invention of money, now it can be saved for a longer period.
• Transfer of value: Transfer of money from one person to another and from one place to another place, became possible due to the invention of money.
• Contingent Functions: Besides the above functions of money, there are other functions of money, like
  • it helps to measure National Income.
  • it forms the basis of credit.
  • it imparts liquidity to wealth.
  • it helps to estimate macroeconomic variables.

Question 4.
Money can be sent anywhere through electronic means.
Answer:
Yes, I do agree with the statement.

• With the invention of new technologies, like mobile phones, tablets, smart cards, computers, etc, money can be sent anywhere nationally or globally.
• E-money is a monetary value that is stored and transferred as and when desired through various means.
• It is the safest mode of transfer as it is backed and monitored by the Central Bank.
• It is also called a digital wallet.
• Hence, money can be sent anywhere through electronic means.

6. Answer the following questions on the basis of the following information:

Ganesh travelled to the mall by bus. He gave the conductor ₹ 10 coins for the ticket. He purchased many commodities from the mall. At the billing counter, he gave his credit card for payment but the billing clerk informed him that only debit cards were accepted. Since Ganesh had forgotten his debit card at home, he offered to make payment by cash.

Question 1.
Identify the types of money used in the information.
Answer:
Types of money used in the above information are:

• Plastic money – Credit card and Debit card
• Paper money
• Token coin.

Question 2.
Explain any two of them.
Answer:
(a) Paper money: It is a substitute for metallic money. It consists of paper currency which is issued by the Central Bank of the country. Currency notes of higher denominations are issued by the Central Bank i.e. Reserve Bank of India.

(b) Bank money: It is also called Credit money. It refers to deposits that are in the form of cash saved by the people. Such money can be withdrawn or transferred with the help of instruments like cheques, drafts, etc.

Class 11 Economics Chapter 2 Money Intext Questions and Answers

Find out: [Textbook Page No. 11]

Recent changes introduced by the banks for the safe use of plastic money.
Answer:
Various changes and instructions are given by the banks for the safe use of plastic money:

• Do not save the 16 digit card number using multiple payment gateways.
• On the backside of the card, there is 3 digit number which is an added security feature that protects our card from making fraudulent transactions.
• For safe usage, a One Time Password (OTP) is provided by the bank on a client’s personal registered number (mobile number) to use for each transaction.
• Banks are instructed by RBI to move to chip and pin-based cards and avoid the use of magnetic stripe cards. The chip and pin-based cards create a unique token, every time the card is used. This provides a higher level of security than the magnetic strip.

You Should Know: [Textbook Page No. 11]

Explain the terms legal tender money and non-legal tender money.
Answer:
(i) Legal Tender Money: It is the money that is backed by law and refusal to accept this is punishable by law. It is issued by the Central Bank of the country.
E.g.: Currency note of any denominations like ₹ 5, ₹ 10, ₹ 50, ₹ 100, ₹ 200, ₹ 500, and ₹ 2000.

(ii) Non-Legal Tender Money: It is the money that is generally used by people in final payment but there is no legal compulsion to accept (i.e. no one can force to accept it). It is issued by commercial banks.
E.g. cheques, drafts, bill of exchange, etc.

Find out: [Textbook Page No. 11]

List the various modes of digital transactions.
Answer:
Various modes of digital transactions are Debit cards, Credit cards, Mobile wallets, Internet banking, Digital Payment App (Google pay, Paytm, etc), UPI (United Payments Interface), Mobile Banking, Bank prepaid card, etc.

Maharashtra State Board Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions

• Basic Concepts in Economics Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Money Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Partition Values Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• The Economy of Maharashtra Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Rural Development in India Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Population in India Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Unemployment in India Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Poverty in India Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Economic Policy of India Since 1991 Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions
• Economic Planning in India Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions

Std 11 Economics Chapter 1 Question Answer Basic Concept in Economics Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 11 Economics Solutions Chapter 1 Basic Concept in Economics Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Class 11 Economics Chapter 1 Basic Concept in Economics Question Answer Maharashtra Board

Economics Class 11 Chapter 1 Question Answer Maharashtra Board

1. Choose the correct option:

Question 1.
Statements related to Economics:
(a) Economics is a social science.
(b) Concept of economics is derived from the Greek word ‘Oikonomia’.
(c) Economics is related to the study of human economic behaviour.
(d) Economics is related to the management of the household.
Options:
(1) a, b and c
(2) a and b
(3) b and c
(4) a, b, c, and d
Answer:
(1) a, b and c

Question 2.
Statements incorrect with reference to Adam Smith’s definition:
(a) Adam Smith is a classical economist.
(b) Wealth of Nations is authored by Adam Smith.
(c) Economics is the science of wealth.
(d) Economics studies common man.
Options:
(1) d
(2) a, b and c
(3) a and d
(4) c and d
Answer:
(1) d

Question 3.
Key points in Lionel Robbins’ definition:
(a) Wants are unlimited
(b) Means are limited
(c) Wants are not gradable
(d) Means have alternative uses.
Options:
(1) a and b
(2) b and c
(3) a, b and d
(4) a, b, c, and d
Answer:
(4) a, b, c, and d

Question 4.
Statements related to wealth:
(a) Wealth means anything which has market value and can be exchanged for money.
(b) It is external to a human beings.
(c) Wealth has no utility.
(d) Wealth is scarce and exchangeable.
Options:
(1) a, b and d
(2) a, c and d
(3) b, c, and d
(4) None of the above
Answer:
(1) a, b and d

Question 5.
Aspects considered in National Income:
(a) Final goods and services are included in national income.
(b) Produced goods in a financial year are included in national income.
(c) Double counting is avoided.
(d) Value is considered as per market price.
Options:
(1) a and c
(2) b and c
(3) a, c and d
(4) a, b, c, and d
Answer:
(3) a, c and d

2. Complete the correlation:

Question 1.
Natural sciences : Exact sciences : : Social sciences : ___________
Answer:
Abstract/Inexact Sciences

Question 2.
Physics : ___________ : : Psychology : Social Science
Answer:
Natural Science

Question 3.
Arthashastra : Kautilya : : Wealth of Nations : ___________
Answer:
Adam Smith

Question 4.
Necessity : ___________ : : Comforts : Washing machine
Answer:
Food

Question 5.
Free goods : Value-in-use : : Economic goods : ___________
Answer:
Value-in-exchange

3. Identify and explain the concepts from the given illustrations:

Question 1.
My father purchased a two-wheeler vehicle. This helps to fulfill my travel needs.
Answer:
Comfort Want.
Comforts are those wants that make our life comfortable. In the above illustration, the purchase of a two-wheeler vehicle will make my travel easier. It is not a necessity, it is for my comfort.

Question 2.
A study of the annual income of the family of Ramesh.
Answer:
Micro Economic – Personal Income
Microeconomics is the study of particular firms, particular households’ individual prices, wages, incomes, individual industries, particulars commodities. In the above illustration, since it is a study of individual families, it will rightly be said as microeconomic and form the part of Personal Income.

Question 3.
As per the data for the financial year 2018-19, the country’s production of goods and services increased by 20%.
Answer;
Economic Growth.
Economic growth means an increase in the real national income of the country. In the above illustration, since the country’s production of goods and services has increased, it is rightly said to be economic growth.

Question 4.
Karuna’s mother saves ₹ 1000/- every month out of her given salary.
Answer:
Savings.
Saving is a part of income, which is kept aside to meet future needs. In the above illustration, since Karuna’s mother is foregoing her current consumption, it forms part of her savings.

Question 5.
Ram’s father utilized his provident fund amount to set up the grocery store.
Answer:
Investment.
Investment refers to the creation of capital assets through mobilisation of savings. In the above case, Mr. Ram’s father mobilises his savings of provident fund into a business of grocery store, which is called as Investment.

4. Answer the following:

Question 1.
Explain the features of wealth.
Answer:
In economics, wealth is anything that has market value and which commands a price.
Wealth is a commodity that can be exchanged for money.
A commodity must possess the following features to be considered wealth.

• Utility
• Scarcity
• Transferability
• Externality

(i) Utility: Utility means the capacity of a commodity to satisfy a human want. A commodity must have to want satisfying power. E.g. books, calculators, etc. have utility. So they are regarded as wealthy.

(ii) Scarcity: A commodity is called wealth, if it is scarce in supply then its demand. All economic goods are considered as wealth because the price is paid for them due to scarcity.

(iii) Transferability: A commodity is called wealth if it can be transferred from one person to another. It includes material or tangible goods. E.g. furniture, car, etc.

(iv) Externality: A commodity is regarded as wealth only if it has externality i.e. it must be external to the human body. E.g. computer.
(In the case of transferability, Physical transferability means the actual transfer of goods from one person to another. Whereas, notional transferability refers to the transfer of ownership rights. E.g. land, building, etc.) Internal qualities of human beings like voice, beauty, etc. are neither external nor transferable. So they are not wealthy in an economic sense.

Question 2.
Explain the characteristics of human wants.
Answer:
In the ordinary sense, the word, ‘want,’ and ‘need’ are considered as same. But, in economics, a need is something that is necessary for survival whereas, want is the expression of lack of satisfaction. It enables the person to satisfy his want.

Characteristics of wants are as follows:

• Wants are unlimited: Wants are multiple. They are never-ending. They arise again and again. When one want is satisfied another arises. Wants go on increasing.
• Wants are recurring in nature: Some of the humans want to occur again and again. They arise even if it is satisfied once. E.g. We take food after a certain time interval to satisfy hunger.
• Wants are complementary: Some wants are complementary to each other. Sometimes, two or more goods are required to satisfy single want. E.g. the want for mobile can be satisfied only when we fulfill the want of a sim card.
• Wants to differ with gender: Wants of men and women are different, as per their needs. E.g. a lady may take Saree while a gentleman wants a Shirt and Tie.
• Wants to differ with age: Human wants to go on changing as age differs. E.g. a baby wants a doll whereas a student wants a book, etc.
• Wants are competitive: We cannot satisfy all our wants at a time because means are limited. So there is competition among wants. That want is preferred first which is most urgent.
• Wants are alternative: Some wants are alternative. E.g. having tea or coffee, using an umbrella or raincoat, etc.
• Wants to differ with culture: Human wants to vary with culture. E.g. an American wants a coat and hat while an Indian wants a kurta.
• Wants to differ with climate: Wants to go on changing with the season. E.g. a person who wants woolen clothes in winter and Ice-cream in summer.
• Wants to differ with preferences: Human wants to differ according to tastes and preferences. Wants are also influenced by the habits of the people. E.g. Person ‘A’ has a preference for books, while Person ‘B’ has a preference for clothes.

5. State with reasons whether you agree or disagree with the following statements:

Question 1.
All wants can be satisfied at a time.
Answer:
No, I do not agree with the statement.

• Human wants are unlimited.
• They are unending. If one want is satisfied, another want arises and this goes on to increase.
• Some wants occur again and again even if satisfied once.

Question 2.
Human wants change as per the seasons and preferences.
Answer:
Yes, I agree with the statement.

• In the economic sense want means a feeling of ‘lack of satisfaction,
• This feeling enables the person to satisfy his want.
• Human wants to differ with seasons.
• E.g. a person requires woolen clothes in winter and an umbrella in the rainy season.
• Wants also differ from preferences, i.e. they are influenced by individual habits and tastes.

Question 3.
Value-in-use and Value-in-exchange are the same.
Answer:
No, I do not agree with the statement.

• Value-in-use refers to the usefulness of a commodity. Air, Water, Sunshine, etc. have high value in use.
• They are basically free goods.
• Value in exchange means the value of a commodity expressed in terms of money that is the price of a commodity.
• E.g. Car, T.V., computers, etc., have value-in-exchange as they command a price. They are called economic goods. Thus, value in use and value in exchange is not the same.

6. Answer in detail:

Question 1.
Explain the basic concepts of macroeconomics.
Answer:
Macroeconomics is the study of aggregates covering the entire economy like total employment, national income, national output, total investment, total savings, total consumption, aggregate supply, aggregate demand, general price level, etc.

Concepts of Macro Economics.

• National Income: It is the aggregate monetary value of all final goods and services produced in a country during a year.
• Saving: It is that part of income that is not spent currently as consumption in order to satisfy future needs.
• Investment: It means the creation of capital assets through mobilisation of savings, e.g. investment in machinery, equipment, etc.
• Trade Cycles: Fluctuations in business due to inflation and deflation in the economy are called trade cycles.
• Economic Growth: It means an increase in the real income of the country, over a larger period of time It
  is a quantitative concept.
• Economic Development: It means economic growth along with progressive changes in the well-being of the people of the country. It is a qualitative concept.

11th Economics Digest Chapter 1 Basic Concept in Economics Intext Questions and Answers

Do you know? [Textbook Page. No. 1]

Who was Kautilya?
Answer:
Kautilya was a great statesman, philosopher, economist, and royal advisor during the Mourya period. He is also known as ‘Chanakya’ or ‘Vishnugupta’. He wrote a book called ‘Arthashastra’.

Do you know? [Textbook Page. No. 2]

(a) Who contributed to the field of Environmental Economics?
Answer:
Mr. Nordhaus contributed to the field of Environmental Economics.

(b) Who won Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics for 2018?
Answer:
Paul Romer and William Nordhaus won Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics for 2018.

Find out: [Textbook Page No. 2]

Other Nobel Prize winners in Economics.
Answer:
Nobel Prize Winners (2010 – 2017)

Do you know? [Textbook Pg. No. 2]

Name the economist belonging to:

Answer:

Find out. [Textbook Page No. 4]

Which of the following is ‘free good’ or ‘economic good’?

• Water in river
• Oxygen in cylinder
• Sunshine
• Water processed for drinking
• Air

Answer:

Do you know? [Textbook Page No. 5]

What do you mean by Physical transferability and Notional transferability?
Answer:
Physical transferability: When goods can be actually transferred from one person to another and from one place to another place it has physical transferability. E.g. Motor Car, Furniture, Machinery, etc. Notional transferability: When goods cannot be actually transferred physically it has notional transferability. E.g. Land, Building, etc.

Try this: [Textbook Page No. 5]

Prepare a list of commodities that satisfy the condition of physical transferability and notional transferability.
Answer:

Do you know? [Textbook Page No. 5]

Why are inborn qualities not considered wealth?
Answer:
Inborn qualities like beauty, melodious voice, etc. are not considered as wealth because they do not possess all the features of wealth like – externality and transferability.

You Should Know? [Textbook Page No. 5]

Explain various types of income?
Answer:

• Fixed income: Income that remains stable over a period of time is called fixed income. It is always positive. E.g. rent, wages, etc.
• Fluctuating income: Income that is not fixed but keeps on changing is called Fluctuating income. E.g. profit. It can be positive, negative, or zero.
• Money income: Income received in the actual currency of the country is called Money income. It is the income in cash, E.g. ₹ 70,000.
• Real income: The purchasing power of money income is called Real income. E.g. Commodities purchased out of money income.
• Contractual income: Income paid as per the terms and conditions of the contract is called Contractual income. E.g. rent, wages, etc.
• Residual income: Income that is left over after making payments to all factors of production is called residual income, E.g. profit.
• Earned income: Income obtained after participating in the productive activity is called Earned income. E.g. rent, wages, interest, profit.
• Unearned income: Income received from all sources without indulging in any productive activity is called Unearned income. E.g. windfall gains, lottery prizes.

Always remember [Textbook Page No. 6]

What activities are considered ‘unproductive’?
Answer:
Activities that are carried out just for sake of charity or hobby or where no monetary exchange takes place are considered as ‘unproductive’ activities.

Do you know? [Textbook Page No. 7]

What is ‘Cyclical Unemployment’?
Answer:
Unemployment created due to the impact of cyclical fluctuations is called ‘Cyclical Unemployment. It occurs due to inflation and depression in the economy.

Find out: [Textbook Page No. 7]

Which of the following terms is a part of microeconomics or macroeconomics?

• Global poverty
• Price of a commodity
• Balance of payments
• Profits of a firm
• National income

Answer:

Maharashtra State Board Class 11 Economics Textbook Solutions

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Std 11 History Chapter 16 Question Answer Swarajya to Empire (Maratha Period) Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 11 History Solutions Chapter 16 Swarajya to Empire (Maratha Period) Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Class 11 History Chapter 16 Swarajya to Empire (Maratha Period) Question Answer Maharashtra Board

History Class 11 Chapter 16 Question Answer Maharashtra Board

1A. Choose the correct alternative and complete sentences.

Question 1.
___________ is known as the Father of Indian Navy.
(a) Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj
(b) Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj
(c) Chhatrapati Rajaram Maharaj
(d) Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj
Answer:
(a) Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj

Question 2.
The Pathans from Afghanistan had settled in ___________ the province at the foothills of the Himalayas.
(a) Varanasi
(b) Mathura
(c) Ayodhya
(d) Delhi
Answer:
(c) Ayodhya

Question 3.
Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj wrote the Sanskrit text ___________
(a) Nayikabhed
(b) Budhabhushan
(c) Nakhshikh
(d) Satasattka
Answer:
(b) Budhabhushan

1B. Find the incorrect pair from set B and write the correct ones.

Question 1.

Answer:
(c) Kalaram Temple – Nashik

1C. Write the names.

Question 1.
He was the Chief of the intelligence network of Chh. Shivaji Maharaj
Answer:
Bahirji Naik

Question 2.
He assisted in the provincial affairs
Answer:
Subhedars/Deshadhikari

Question 3.
Leader of the Rohillas
Answer:
Najib Khan

2. Complete the concept map.

Question 1.

Answer:

3. Explain the statement with reasons.

Question 1.
Shahajiraje is known as the visionary of Swarajya.
Answer:

• Shahajiraje Bhosale was a prominent Sardar in the Nizamshahi kingdom. After the end of Nizamshahi’s rule, he accepted the rank of a Mansabdar in the Adilshahi court.
• Shahajiraje was valiant, courageous, wise, and well-versed in the science of statehood.
• He had successfully handled many Adilshahi expeditions in Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu.
• The provinces of Pune, Supe, Shirwal, Indapur, and Chakan were given to Shahajiraje as Jahangir.
• He personally aspired to establish Swarajya. He is regarded as the visionary of Swarajya.
• The concept of Swarajya was visualized by Shahajiraje and it was turned into reality by Chh. Shivaji Maharaj.
• Chh. Shivaji Maharaj laid the foundation of Swarajya from the Mawal region. Several factors like the topography of Maharashtra, valour of the local Mawalas, the administrative and military experience gained by the Maratha sardars while working with Nizamshahi, and Adilshahi and above all these the able leadership of Chh. Shivaji Maharaj could make it possible.

Question 2.
Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj built the naval force.
Answer:

• In the year 1657 C.E., after conquering Kalyan and Bhiwandi, the boundaries of Swarajya extended up to the coastline.
• The British and the French were involved in the Salt trade. Chh. Shivaji Maharaj wanted to establish control over the sea waters.
• Chh. Shivaji Maharaj was the only king in medieval India who attempted to build a navy.
• He realized to check the activities of foreign traders so having a Navy was important.
• It was necessary for his military strategy also. During the second sack of Surat, Chh. Shivaji Maharaj brought those ships to the coast of Surat and loaded the huge booty on them acquired from Surat.
• It is apparent that Chh. Shivaji Maharaj wanted to establish complete control over the land as well as on the sea.

Question 3.
Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj charged heavy duty on the salt imported from the Portuguese territory.
Answer:

• Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj was keen on protecting the local industries.
• He protected the salt industry in Konkan. At that time, traders imported salt from the Portuguese territory and sold it in Swarajya.
• That affected the local trade in the Konkan areas.
• Chh. Shivaji Maharaj charged heavy duty on the salt imported into Swarajya from the Portuguese territory.
• The intention was that the salt imported from the Portuguese territory would then cost more and as a result, its import would be discouraged and the sale of the local salt would increase.

4. Write short notes.

Question 1.
Maratha Art:
Answer:

• Developments of Maratha miniature paintings can be seen through illustrations on the manuscripts such as pothis, pattachitra, and patrikas. For example, the wooden stands of pothis have pictures of Ganapati, Riddhi-Siddhi, Gopalkrishna in dark red, green, and yellow colours.
• Miniature paintings include human portraits and themes like ragamalas, talamala, processions, etc.
• Murals are found on the fagade of the Wadas, as well on the walls of reception areas (Diwankhana) and bedrooms.
• The 18th-century murals have survived till today at places like Naik-Nimbalkar Wada at Vathar, Rangamahal at Chandwad, Mayureshwar Mandir at Morgaon, Shiva Temple of Pandeshwar, and Matha at Benawadi.
• The main theme of murals is mythological stories. They include scenes from Ramayana, Mahabharata, and Puranas.
• The subjects of contemporary social life were also reflected in the paintings. The royal court, royal meetings, processions were also included in them.

Question 2.
Maratha Architecture:
Answer:

• Chh. Shivaji Maharaj built forts, the tradition of which was prevalent in the Deccan for three centuries.
• The Kasaba temple in Pune and Vitthal temple in Vitthalwadi were reconstructed by Veermata Jijabai.
• During the Peshwa period, the Maratha kingdom regained its prosperity and all forms of art and architecture received patronage.
• The construction of temples began on a large scale during the later Peshwa.
• Period. These temples are of three types. Examples of temple architecture of this period are found at Saswad, Mahuli, Jejuri, etc.
• These are huge in size. The plan of these temples is in star design, the foundation of the temple was multi-layered and was named accordingly.
• The shikhara is made in bricks and stucco method.
• The Kalaram, Goraram, and Sundarnarayan temples at Nasik and Mahadev temple at Trimbakeshwar, Mohiniraj temple at Nevasa is similar to the temples in Malwa and Rajasthan.
• These temples are constructed in stone. These temples are embellished extensively with sculptures.
• The third type of temple can be found at Pune, Satara, Wai, etc.
• It included arches, a wooden hall, and a sanctum sanctorum(gabhara). The Shikhara slopes inwards at the top.
• The stone ‘Deepamala’ is a remarkable feature of these temples. The stone deepamalas at Jejuri were built by Shahajiraje.
• The Chhatris (Samadhis) at various places are noteworthy.

Activity

Collect information about capable women in the medieval period and present it in class. Arrange a discussion on it.
Answer:

• In Indian history, we find only a few women actively participating in public affairs.
• In the Muslim period, Razia Sultan was the only woman who conducted the affairs of the government for a short time.
• And in later times, Rani of Jhansi rose into prominence during the revolt of 1857.
• During the Maratha period, there were women like Jijabai and Maharani Tarabai who performed public duties in the absence of their husbands.

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Std 11 History Chapter 15 Question Answer India During Mughal Period Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 11 History Solutions Chapter 15 India During Mughal Period Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Class 11 History Chapter 15 India During Mughal Period Question Answer Maharashtra Board

History Class 11 Chapter 15 Question Answer Maharashtra Board

1A. Choose the correct alternative and write the complete sentences.

Question 1.
Mughal Emperor Babur was born in ___________
(a) Baluchistan
(b) Kazakhstan
(c) Uzbekistan
(d) Afghanistan
Answer:
(c) Uzbekistan

Question 2.
Mughal Emperor Humayun was defeated by ___________
(a) Ibrahim Lodi
(b) Shershah Sur
(c) Babur
(d) Akbar
Answer:
(b) Shershah Sur

Question 3.
Akbarnama was written by ___________
(a) Mohammad Qasim
(b) Abul Fazl
(c) Mirza Hyder
(d) Badauni
Answer:
(b) Abul Fazl

1B. Find the incorrect pair from set B and write the correct ones.

Question 1.

Answer:
(1) Khafi Khan – Tarikh-i-Khafikhan

1C. Write the names.

Question 1.
He defeated Ibrahim Lodi.
Answer:
Babur

Question 2.
She successfully resisted the attack of Akbar and saved the Nizamshahi kingdom.
Answer:
Chand bibi

2. Explain the statements with reasons.

Question 1.
The Rajput rulers united against Babur.
Answer:

• The grand army of Ibrahim Lodi could not survive in front of Babur in the battle of Panipat.
• Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi on the strength of configuration skills, strong artillery, a system of secret intelligence, and strong leadership. This was a direct threat to the Rajputs in Rajasthan.
• Rajputs were brave warriors and proud advocates of their religion.
• Babur established his rule in Delhi.
• The Rajput kings came together under the leadership of Mewar King Rana Sangha to counter him.
• Babur defeated the Rajputs in the Battle of Khanwa.

Question 2.
Shershah Sur was well-known for his ideal administration.
Answer:

• Humayun was deprived of the kingdom due to the defeat at the hands of Shershah Sur of Bihar.
• Shershah Sur made some reforms in the administrative setup. He also made changes in the land revenue system.
• He erected the hierarchical setup of administrative units and officers.
• He brought together the Afghan sardars scattered in North India and established Afghan rule.
• The descendants of Shershah were not efficient. Thus, his power declined.

Question 3.
Emperor Akbar strengthened the foundation of his rule in India.
Answer:

• After Humayun, his son Akbar ascended the throne.
• He proved to be the greatest Mughal Emperor because of his qualities such as high intelligence, tolerance, firmness, and courage.
• The kingdom established by Babur was transformed into a great empire by Akbar.
• He established his rule from Kabul to Bengal and Kashmir to Varhad-Khandesh.
• He entered into political matrimonial relations with the Rajputs in order to strengthen his kingdom.
• He erected an efficient administrative setup.

Question 4.
Mughal art declined during the period of Aurangzeb.
Answer:

• During the period of Aurangzeb, the royal patronage of the art of painting was withdrawn.
• Aurangzeb was a fanatic ruler. Under Aurangzeb’s rule, art declined, since he had banned all art forms.
• The artists were forced to seek patronage elsewhere under various rulers in Rajasthan, Bundelkhand, Gujarat, and the provinces of the Himalayan ranges.
• New local styles of paintings emerged there.

3. Write short notes.

Question 1.
Mughal Art
Answer:

• The reign of the three emperors, Akbar, Jahangir, and Shahjahan was a period of peace, order, and prosperity. Arts flourish when there is stability.
• A new era began in the field of art and architecture.
• The etched designs on the marble walls of mosques, tombs, and palaces are evidence of the highly advanced styles of art and architecture.
• The influence of the Persian style of architecture was more prominent till Akbar’s period.
• In the later period, it evolved by absorbing Indian elements, which came to be known as the Indo-Islamic style of architecture.
• During the period of Akbar and Jahangir, the art of ivory carving received royal patronage.
• The Mughal paintings originated from the Persian styles of painting.
• There are miniature paintings of Persian style in the manuscript of ‘Baburnama’. The art of painting received encouragement during the period of Akbar. He appointed skilled painters in his court.
• During the period of Jahangir, paintings were done based on the court and hunting scenes. The paintings of this period were done in a more realistic style, which is vibrant and attractive. These paintings, portray birds and animals, cloud formations, human figures, and natural scenery.
• During the Mughal period, the art of music seems to have received royal patronage.

Question 2.
Mughal Literature
Answer:

• During the Mughal period, excellent literature was created in the Persian language.
• Babur himself knew Persian and Turkish languages. His autobiography known as ‘Baburnama’ is well known.
• Another important text is ‘Tarikh-i-Rashidi’ by Mirza Hyder written during the period of Humayun.
• Akbar got many Sanskrit texts translated in Persian which includes ‘Rajatarangini’, ‘Lilavati’, ‘Ramayana’, ‘Mahabharata’, ‘Harivamsh’ and ‘Panchatantra’. Abul Fazal wrote the famous ‘Akbarnama’ and ‘Ain-i- Akbari’.
• Dara Shukoh, the son of Shahjahan, was a Sanskrit scholar. He translated the text of several Upanishads texts in the Persian language from Sanskrit.
• During the Mughal period, a number of biographical, historical texts were written. Among them Khafi Khan’s ‘Tarikhi- Khafikhan’ is well-known.
• During the Mughal period, a number of literary works of high quality were created in local north Indian dialects. To mention a few, ‘Ramacharitamanas’ written by Goswami Tulsidas, the compositions of Surdas and Meerabai, Padmavat composed by Malik Muhammad Jaysi, dohas of Saint Kabir.

4. Answer the following questions in detail.

Question 1.
During the Mughal period, what were the changes made in the revenue system?
Answer:

• Akbar made further reforms in the revenue system implemented by Shershah Sur.
• This bought a certain discipline in the Mughal revenue system.
• He graded the cultivable land based on the systematic land survey.
• The land was classified into four types on the basis of annual yield, i.e. fertile (supik), infertile (napik), irrigated (bagayat), and dry crop (jirayat) land.
• Individual land holdings of farmers were registered.
• An average of the annual yield in the last ten years was calculated and one-third of this average yield was fixed as the base for the tax to be paid.
• The tax, thus fixed, was applicable for the span of ten years. This offered considerable respite to farmers for a span of ten years.
• Documents are known as ‘Kabulayat’ and ‘Patta’ were prepared by the farmers after the fixing of the tax rate. The tax was collected in cash or in kind.

Question 2.
Elaborate on the features of Mughal architecture.
Answer:

• The architectural style during the Sultanate period had great implements on strength and simplicity.
• But during the Mughal period, the focus shifted to aesthetics.
• During the period of Babur, the Kabulbag mosque at Panipat and Jama Masjid at Sambhal in Uttar Pradesh were built in Persian style.
• The memorial built during the period of Shershah Sur at Sahastram (Bihar) is an excellent example of the Indo-Islamic style of architecture.
• The Purana Qila was built by Shershah in Delhi. The city of Fatehpur Sikri was set up during Akbar’s period.
• Later the buildings like Jama Masjid, Buland Darwaza were built in Fatehpur-Sikri.
• Akbar built important forts like Agra fort, Lahore fort, Allahabad fort, and Attock fort.
• The use of Red stone and marble, huge domes, arches were the salient features of the architecture of this period.
• The period of Shahjahan was the most glorious period of Mughal architecture.
• ‘Diwan-i-Aam’ and ‘Diwan-i-Khaas’ in Red fort, ‘Jama masjid’, ‘Moti Masjid’, were built during his period.
• The ‘Taj Mahal’ of Agra built by him is incomparable and immortal.
• Later, Mughal architecture began to decline.

Activity

Collect information about the expansion of Mughal rule by Emperor Akbar and the contemporary cities.
Answer:

• Akbar was an Imperialist.
• The first conquest of Akbar was that of Malwa.
• His empire extended from Kabul in the west to Bengal in the east and from Kashmir in the north to Vindhyas in the south.
• Had consolidated the whole of north India under his administration.
• The following is the link for additional information: https://www.historydiscussion.net

Maharashtra State Board Class 11 History Textbook Solutions

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• Kingdoms in South India Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• India, Nations in the Northwest of the Indian Subcontinent a Class 11 History Textbook Solutionsnd China
• India, Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Delhi Sultanate, Vijayanagar and Bahamani Kingdom Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• India During Mughal Period Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Swarajya to Empire (Maratha Period) Class 11 History Textbook Solutions

Std 11 History Chapter 14 Question Answer Delhi Sultanate, Vijayanagar and Bahamani Kingdom Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 11 History Solutions Chapter 14 Delhi Sultanate, Vijayanagar and Bahamani Kingdom Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Class 11 History Chapter 14 Delhi Sultanate, Vijayanagar and Bahamani Kingdom Question Answer Maharashtra Board

History Class 11 Chapter 14 Question Answer Maharashtra Board

1A. Choose the correct alternative and write the complete sentences.

Question 1.
The royal poet in the court of Balban was _________________
(a) Al-Beruni
(b) Tuli
(c) Amir Khusrow
(d) Husen Shah Sharukhi.
Answer:
(c) Amir Khusrow

Question 2.
The first ruler who built the buildings in Indo-Islamic style of architecture was _________________
(a) Ferozshah Tughluq
(b) Qutubuddin Aibak
(c) Alauddin Khalji
(d) Akbar
Answer:
(b) Qutubuddin Aibak

1B. Find the incorrect pair from set B and write the correct ones.

Question 1.

Answer:
(d) Tripuri – Kalachuris

2. Complete the concept Maps.

Question 1.

Answer:

3. Explain the statements with reasons.

Question 1.
The Arab rule did not expand in India.
Answer:

• There was political instability in India in the 13th century and the Turkish invaders took advantage of this instability.
• Muhammad bin Qasim of the Ummayad dynasty attacked Sindh in the year 712 C.E.
• He conquered the entire region from Sindh to Multan. After Muhammad bin Qasim, the Arabs rule in India grew unstable.

Question 2.
The Rajput rulers had to accept defeat in front of the Turkish invaders.
Answer:

• In the 13th century, many petty rulers existed such as Chauhans of Rajasthan, Pratiharas, and Gadhwals (Rathod) of Kanauj, Chandellas of Bundelkhand, Parmars of Malwa, Kalachuris of Gorakhpur, Kalachuris of Tripuri (Madhya Pradesh), Chalukyas (Solanki) of Gujarat, Palas of Bengal, etc.
• They did resist the invasions of the Turks individually but they did not unite for it.

4. State your opinion.

Question 1.
The textile industry flourished during the Sultanate’s rule.
Answer:

• The textile industry flourished on large scale.
• Delhi, Agra, Lahore, Multan, Banaras, Patna, Khambayat, Burhanpur, Devgiri were the main centers of the textile industry during this period.
• The cotton cloth was exported on a large scale from Bengal to Gujarat.
• The textile exports included muslin, linen cloth, satin, and jari cloth.
• The textile dyeing industry gained importance. Golconda, Ahmedabad, Dhaka, etc. were the centers of this industry.

5. Write short notes.

Question 1.
Khyber Pass.
Answer:

• The Khyber Pass has proved to be very important in Indian history.
• During the ancient period, the trade between India and Central Asia was carried via. this pass.
• After the Persian Emperor Darius, Alexander came, to India, via. this pass and so did Mahmud Ghazni, Babur, Nadir Shah, and Ahmed Shah Abdali.
• The British built a railway line with its last destination at a place called ‘Jamrud’ near Peshawar in Pakistan, Jamrud in the doorway of Khyber Pass.

Question 2.
Coins during Sultanate period.
Answer:

• During the sultanate period, there were major changes in the coinage system.
• The names of the Khalifa and the Sultan were inscribed on the coins.
• Details regarding the year of issue, place of minting, etc. were inscribed on it in the Arabic script.
• ‘Tola’ came to be considered as a standard unit for the weight of the coin.

6. Answer the following questions with help of given points.

Question 1.
Write down the information about the invasion of Alauddin Khilji on Yadavas of Devgiri with the help of points given below.
(a) Reasons of invasion
(b) Invasion and events
(c) Effects of invasion
Answer:
(a) Reasons of invasion:

• Devgiri was a prosperous city in the South.
• King Ramadevarai Yadava was ruling over Devgiri.
• Alauddin attacked Devgiri in 1296 C.E.
• In face of the sudden attack, Ramadevarai took shelter in the fort of Devgiri (Daulatabad). Alauddin seized the fort and plundered the city.
• Alauddin conquered nearby provinces of Devgiri as well and collected a large booty as part of the treaty.

(b) Invasion and events:

• Ramadevarai, the ruler of Devgiri had stopped paying tribute to Alauddin for some time.
• So Alauddin sent his commander Malik Kafur to the South.
• There were political and economic reasons behind this campaign.
• The most important reason was to subdue the Yadavas and to collect tribute from them.

(c) Effects of invasion:

• Alauddin had increased his army in size.
• He was the first Sultan to set up a permanent standing army on a large scale.
• He devised new economic reforms for controlling market prices.
• These new measures created a heavy strain on the state treasury.
• It was also necessary to keep the newly increased army and its officers are busy by planning new campaigns.

Maharashtra State Board Class 11 History Textbook Solutions

• India During Mauryan Period Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Post Mauryan India Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Changing Times Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Kingdoms in South India Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• India, Nations in the Northwest of the Indian Subcontinent a Class 11 History Textbook Solutionsnd China
• India, Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Delhi Sultanate, Vijayanagar and Bahamani Kingdom Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• India During Mughal Period Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Swarajya to Empire (Maratha Period) Class 11 History Textbook Solutions

Std 11 History Chapter 13 Question Answer India, Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 11 History Solutions Chapter 13 India, Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Class 11 History Chapter 13 India, Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia Question Answer Maharashtra Board

History Class 11 Chapter 13 Question Answer Maharashtra Board

1A. Choose the correct alternative to write the complete sentences.

Question 1.
Buddhaghosh was an Indian _____________ in Sri Lanka.
(a) Thinker
(b) Philosopher
(c) King
(d) Priest
Answer:
(b) Philosopher

Question 2.
The founder of Pagan empire was _____________
(a) Kyanzittha
(b) Anwrahta
(c) Ayuttha
(d) Jayavarman
Answer:
(b) Anwrahta

Question 3.
The ancient name of Cambodia was _____________
(a) Kambuja Desh
(b) Laos
(c) Angkorwat
(d) Sumatra
Answer:
(a) Kambuja Desh

1B. Find the incorrect pair from set B and write the correct ones.

Question 1.

Answer:
(4) The centre of Angkorthom – Bayon Temple

1C. Write the names.

Question 1.
Son of Emperor Ashoka –
Answer:
Thera Mahinda

Question 2.
Ancient kingdom in Laos –
Answer:
Lao Sang

Question 3.
Kingdom of ‘Cham’ people –
Answer:
Champa

Question 4.
Last king of Malayu –
Answer:
Eskandar Shah

2. Write short notes.

Question 1.
Chenla Kingdom
Answer:

• The first kingdom, established in Cambodia was known by the name of ‘Chenla’.
• The people who established Chenla were known as ‘Khmer’.
• The influence of Indian culture in Cambodia dates back to the Chenla period.
• The kingdom of Chenla was established by Jayavarman II. His capital’s name was ‘Hariharalaya’.
• The kings of Chenla expanded their empire from Vietnam to Myanmar and to China in the north.
• After King ‘Jayavarman VII’ the Khmer empire began to decline.

Question 2.
Vishnu temple at Angkorwat
Answer:

• (i) The world-famous temple of ‘Angkorwat’ was built in Yashodharpura, the capital city built by Suryavarman II.
• (ii) The temple area is about 500 acres, which is about 2 sq. km.
• (iii) The main entrance is at the west and the temple is surrounded by a moat, which is 200 meters in depth.
• (iv) Among the sculptural panels on the southeast walls of the temple the panel of ‘Samudramanthan’ is notable. Later, it was turned into a Buddhist temple.

Question 3.
Majapahit Kingdom
Answer:

• In the 13th century C.E., in Eastern Java arose a kingdom known as ‘Majapahita’.
• The name of the founder King of Majapahita was, Vijaya’.
• He established his supremacy in some of the islands like Java, Bali and also some other islands and extended the kingdom of Java into an empire.

Question 4.
Champa Kingdom
Answer:

• ‘Champa’ was an ancient kingdom in the coastal region of Vietnam.
• Champa was named after the ‘Cham’ tribe.
• The names of the cities in Champa were ‘Indrapur’, ‘Amaravati’, ‘Vijay’, ‘Kauthara’, and ‘Panduranga’.
• The city of Vijay was the capital of the Champa kingdom.
• The inscriptions of Champa mention the names of its kings and queens and the temples of Hindu deities especially Shiva temples.

3. Answer the following questions in detail.

Question 1.
Explain the spread of Indian culture in Thailand.
Answer:

• Thailand was referred to as ‘Mueng Thai’ by the ancient people. However, it was known as ‘ Siam’ in the world. In the 20th century, its name was changed to ‘Thailand’.
• Thailand was ruled from the 6th century to the 11th century by the ‘Mon’ people. Indian culture was spread at this time.
• The Indian traditions of sculpture, literature, ethics, judicial science, etc. had a great role in shaping up the Mon culture.
• Dvaravati although smaller and weaker contributed greatly to the development of writing, arts, administration, religion, science, etc. in others kingdoms.
• The remains of sculptures and architecture of the period have been found in Lop Buri (Lao Puri) and Ayuttha (Ayodhya).
• The sculptures include Buddha images a few Shivalingas and images of Vishnu.
• In the 14th century C.E, a new kingdom of Ayuttha was established in Thailand and the kings of Ayuttha bore names with the prefix ‘Ram’.
• Thai Ramayana developed into an independent tradition. It is known as ‘Ramakien’ (Ram Akhyana).
• The stories of ‘Ramakien’ have been preserved in all Thai art traditions including sculpture, folk music, dance, and theatre.

Question 2.
Write about the cultural interrelationship between India and Myanmar.
Answer:

• ‘Myanmar’ is a neighbouring country of India. It was earlier known as ‘Brahmdesh’. In the 2nd century B.C.E. there were city-states known as ‘Pyu’ in the north and central regions of Myanmar.
• Among the new ‘Pyu’ cities that came into existence at a later period were the cities of ‘Halin’ and ‘Shrikshetra’ were important.
• Shrikshetra was the largest among the ‘Pyu’ cities. The founders of Shrikshetra belonged to the Shakya clan of Gautam Buddha.
• The three Pyu cities of Halin, Beikthano, and Shrikshetra where archaeological excavations were conducted have brought into light many remains of buildings like stupas, cemeteries, and structures built for water management. The three sites have been declared as World Cultural Heritage sites.
• The ‘Shwedagon’ pagoda built between the 6th-10th century C.E. at Yongan (Rangoon) is one of the finest examples of stupa architecture in Myanmar.
• The ‘Shwedagon’ pagoda contains the hair of Gautama Buddha. This pagoda is covered with sheets of gold.
• The ‘Anand Temple’ is another important monument built during the reign of Kyanzittha, the emperor of Pagan in the 11th century C.E. It is the finest example of the combined architectural style of India and Pagan.

Activity

Find out the names of World Cultural Heritage in this lesson. Prepare a chart by using the following points: Name of the heritage, place, and country.
Answer:

Maharashtra State Board Class 11 History Textbook Solutions

• India During Mauryan Period Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Post Mauryan India Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Changing Times Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Kingdoms in South India Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• India, Nations in the Northwest of the Indian Subcontinent a Class 11 History Textbook Solutionsnd China
• India, Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Delhi Sultanate, Vijayanagar and Bahamani Kingdom Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• India During Mughal Period Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Swarajya to Empire (Maratha Period) Class 11 History Textbook Solutions

Std 11 History Chapter 12 Question Answer India, Nations in the Northwest of the Indian Subcontinent and China Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 11 History Solutions Chapter 12 India, Nations in the Northwest of the Indian Subcontinent and China Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Class 11 History Chapter 12 India, Nations in the Northwest of the Indian Subcontinent and China Question Answer Maharashtra Board

History Class 11 Chapter 12 Question Answer Maharashtra Board

1A. Choose the correct alternative and write the complete sentences.

Question 1.
The coin hoards found in ____________ had Roman gold coins in it.
(a) Tamil Nadu
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Karnataka
(d) Kerala
Answer:
(a) Tamil Nadu

Question 2.
The famous king Hammurabi had ruled the kingdom of ____________
(a) Syria
(b) Babylon
(c) China
(d) Greece
Answer:
(b) Babylon

Question 3.
The route that links Asia and ____________ is referred as the ‘Silk Route’.
(a) Europe
(b) Africa
(c) America
(d) Russia
Answer:
(a) Europe

Question 4.
‘White Horse Temple is the first Buddhist temple built in ____________
(a) India
(b) Japan
(c) China
(d) Egypt
Answer:
(c) China

1B. Find the incorrect pair from set B and write the correct ones.

Question 1.

Answer:
(3) Hippalus – Periplus of the Erythrean Sea

1C. Write the names.

Question 1.
A place in the Gandhara region enlisted as a World Cultural heritage.
Answer:
Takht-i-Bahi

Question 2.
Buddhist monks in the 4th century B.C.E. translated many Buddhist texts into the Chinese language.
Answer:
Kumarjeeva

2. Complete the concept maps.

Question 1.

Answer:

3. Explain the following statements with reasons.

Question 1.
Buddhism reached China during the Kushana period.
Answer:

• The Ancient Kapisha (Begram)was an additional capital of the Kushanas which was located on the silk route at a vantage point.
• The trade route from Afghanistan to China was under the rule of the Kushanas.
• This route starting from Taxila crossing through Khyber Pass to Bamiyan in Afghanistan and from there to China through the plateau of Pamir.
• In the Kushana period, Buddhism reached China by this trade route.

Question 2.
The merchants rarely used the shorter line of the Silk Route.
Answer:

• One of the major lines of the Silk Route linked China and India and then extended further to Central Asia linking one oasis to the other in the desert.
• It was easier for the merchants and travellers to find accommodation and food in the oasis cities. They also found a ready market for their merchandise.
• Another line crossed through the stepped to the north of the mainline. The journey on this line is relatively shorter.
• It was rarely used by merchants as it was infested by troublesome pastoral tribes and hardly have any accommodation and food facilities on route.

4. State your opinion.

Question 1.
There was a close cultural association between the Gandhara region and India before the advent of Islam.
Answer:

• Gandhara was favourably situated on the trade route that linked India and Central Asia.
• It had close cultural connections with India from the ancient period of Janapadas till the introduction of Islam.
• Whether it was the invaders from Central Asia, or the Buddhist monks sent out by Emperor Ashoka, or the Chinese monks traveling to India, all had to pass through Afghanistan.
• Thus, there were close cultural associations between the Gandhara region and India before the advent of Islam.

5. Write short notes.

Question 1.
Shahji-ki-Dheri
Answer:

• The Chinese monks like Fa-Hien, Yuan Chwang, who travelled through India have described the Buddhist viharas and stupas in India.
• There are numerous remains of viharas and stupas in Afghanistan. Among them, a place called ‘Shahji-ki-Dheri’ near Peshawar in Pakistan was excavated.
• This stupa was built during Kanishka’s period.
• It is also known as ‘Kanishaka’s Stupa’. According to prevailing tradition, the sacred remains in the box (karandaka) found there are of Gautama Buddha.
• The box has an inscription. It also mentions the name ‘Agnishala’, the main supervisor of the building work of ‘Kanishka Vihara’.
• This box is in the Peshawar museum at present.

Question 2.
The Bamiyan Buddhas.
Answer:

• The Bamiyan Buddhas are in Bamiyan, 250 km away from Kabul.
• About 750 caves have been hewn out in one of the cliffs of the mountain ranges known as ‘Kuh- e-Baba’.
• Beautiful murals have been painted inside these caves.
• The same cliff has niches of two standing Buddha statues in stucco. One of them was 53 meters tall the other was 38 meters.
• The core was plastered with several layers of mud mixed with straw. The folds of Gautama Buddha’s robes were modeled in this clay plaster.
• Buddha’s forearms were supported with the help of wooden armatures and fixed with wooden pegs.
• According to Yuan Chwang, the statues were surrounded by colourful murals and even the statues were painted with gold coating and precious stones.
• The ‘Bamiyan Statues of Buddha’ are declared as the World Cultural Heritage.

6. Answers the following questions with the help of given points.

Question 1.
Write about the ties between ancient India and China.
(a) Trade relations
(b) The spread of Buddhism in China
(c) Serendian art style
Answer:
(a) Trade relations:

• The Silk Route links Asia and Europe. It runs more than 6000 km.
• It was easier for Merchants and travellers to find facilities of accommodation and food in the oasis cities.
• They also found a ready market for their merchandise.
• Another line crossed through the steppes to the north of this mainline. The journey on this line was relatively shorter.
• However, it was rarely used by merchants as it was infested by troublesome pastoral tribes and it hardly had any accommodation and food facilities en route.

(b) The spread of Buddhism in China:

• Buddhism spread in the 1st century C.E. This also introduced a new trend in Chinese art.
• Many of the Mahayana Buddhist monks who arrived in China hailed from Central Asia.
• Their presence in China inspired the making of images of Gautama Buddha and Bodhisattva.

(c) Serendian art style:

• Serendian art style that originated in the Xinjiang province is known as ‘Serendian Art Style’ (Seres meaning China + India).
• This art was influenced by Gandhara art. It presents a combination of Greek, Persian, and Chinese art forms.
• Many styles were brought to light during excavations by Sir Aurel Stein.

Activity

Collect more information about the ‘Silk Route’ with the help of the internet.
Answer:

• The Silk Road was a network of trade routes that went along the northern borders of China, India, and Persia and ended up in Eastern Europe near today’s Turkey and the Mediterranean Sea.
• The Silk Road was important because it helped to generate trade and commerce between a number of different kingdoms and empires.
• The route included a group of trading posts and markets that were used to help in the storage, transport, and exchange of goods.

Maharashtra State Board Class 11 History Textbook Solutions

• India During Mauryan Period Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Post Mauryan India Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Changing Times Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Kingdoms in South India Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• India, Nations in the Northwest of the Indian Subcontinent a Class 11 History Textbook Solutionsnd China
• India, Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Delhi Sultanate, Vijayanagar and Bahamani Kingdom Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• India During Mughal Period Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Swarajya to Empire (Maratha Period) Class 11 History Textbook Solutions

Std 11 History Chapter 11 Question Answer Kingdoms in South India Maharashtra Board

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 11 History Solutions Chapter 11 Kingdoms in South India Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Class 11 History Chapter 11 Kingdoms in South India Question Answer Maharashtra Board

History Class 11 Chapter 11 Question Answer Maharashtra Board

1A. Choose the correct alternative and write complete sentences.

Question 1.
The name of the well-known king of Vakatak dynasty was ______________
(a) Sarvasena
(b) Pravarasena
(c) Jaising
(d) Chandragupta
Answer:
(b) Pravarasena

Question 2.
After the conquest in South, Pulakeshin II took up the title of ______________
(a) Parameshwara
(b) Vishayapati
(c) Deshadhipati
(d) Satyajay
Answer:
(a) Parameshwara

Question 3.
Kalidasa composed ______________ at Ramtek in Vidarbha.
(a) Shakuntal
(b) Meghdoot
(c) Malavikagnimitra
(d) Harivijay
Answer:
(b) Meghdoot

Question 4.
The world famous Kailasa temple was built during the ______________ period.
(a) Chalukya
(b) Pallava
(c) Cher
(d) Rashtrakuta
Answer:
(d) Rashtrakuta

1B. Find the incorrect pair from set B and write the correct ones.

Question 1.

Answer:
(a) Ashtadhyayi – Panini

2. Explain the following statement with reasons.

Question 1.
A strong rule of the Chalukyas was created in south India.
Answer:

• The Chalukya dynasty ruled in the south for approximately 200 years.
• Jaising the founder of this dynasty established his capital at Vatapi (Badami) Pulakeshin I was an important king of this dynasty who performed the Ashwamedha sacrifice.
• After him, his son Kirtivarman I came to power. During his reign, he conquered the Kadambas of Vanvasi (Karwar) and Mauryas of Aparanta (North Konkan) and expanded his rule.
• The greatest king of the Chalukyas was Pulakeshin II.
• He performed the Digvijaya and strengthened the power of the Chalukyas.
• His achievements are described by Ravikirti, a poet. He defeated Harshavardhan thus, acquiring great fame.

Question 2.
Yadava period has special importance in the history of Maharashtra.
Answer:

• Yadava dynasty is one of the important dynasties of Medieval Maharashtra.
• During this period there was a notable development in the cultural sphere of Maharashtra.
• The Mahanubhav and Warkari sects had a beginning in the Yadava period.
• During this period, Patan in Khandesh, Solotagi in Karnataka, and Paithan in Maharashtra became important centers of learning.
• Sanskrit texts were written on subjects like Dharmashastra, ‘Purva Mimansa’ (philosophical text), Nyaya, and Vedanta.
• Many important texts were composed at this time for eg. the composition of saint poets like Namadeva, Janabai, etc.
• Many temples were built of the Hemadipanti style at this time.
• An important feature of the Hemadipanti temples is that no mortar was used.

3. Write short notes.

Question 1.
The administrative system in South India
Answer:

• There were officials like ‘Mahadandanayaka’, ‘Rashtrika’, ‘Deshadhikruta’, ‘Amatya’, ‘Ayukta’, etc.
• The council of officers in the Chola kingdom was called ‘Udankuttam’.
• The kingdom was divided into many provinces. These provinces were known as ‘Mandalam’.
• A member of the royal family was the chief of the Mandalam.
• There were many officers under him such as ‘Vishayapati’, ‘Deshadhipati’, ‘Deshadhikrut’, ‘Rashtrika’, etc.
• The administration of the Southern kingdoms was very efficient. Village autonomy was an important feature.
• The ‘Gramasabha’ (village council) looked after the village administration.
• The head of the Gramasabha was known by different names such as ‘Gramabhojaka’, ‘Gramakuta’ etc.
• Land revenue was the main source of income for the state.
• Apart from it the excise tax, professional tax, pilgrimage tax were the sources of income.

Question 2.
Coins in South Indian dynasties.
Answer:

• The Maurya coins were in circulation in South India.
• After the decline of Mauryas, the Pandyas issued their own punch-marked coins.
• The images like sun, horse, stupa, tree, fish were carved on it.
• On the Chera coins, there used to be a bow and arrow on one side and an image of an elephant on the other.
• On the Chola coins, the symbol of the tiger as the royal emblem of Cholas is depicted.
• The Chola coins were made of gold, silver and the legends were inscribed in the Devnagari script.
• The coins belonging to Chalukya king Rajaraja are issued in three metals gold, silver, and copper, with the image of Rajaraja and a tiger.
• Due to the trade with Rome, many Roman coins are found.

4. Answer the following questions in brief with the help of the points given below.

Question 1.
Describe the rule of the Shilahara dynasty
(a) Founder
(b) Shilahara of South Konkan
(c) Shilaharas of North Konkan
(d) Shilaharas of Kolhapur
Answer:
(a) Founder: Jimutvahan is considered to be the founder of all three branches. They ruled for almost three hundred years as the feudatories of Rashtrakutas and later the Chalukyas.

(b) Shilahara of South Konkan: Sanafulla established the South Konkan branch of Shilaharas. His son, Dhammiyar set up the village of Vallipattana and built a fort there. Later King Adityavarma expanded his kingdom from Thane to Goa. Rattaraj was the last ruler of this dynasty. One of the copper plates found at Kharepatan gives an account of the history of this dynasty.

(c) Shilaharas of North Konkan: Kapardi established the North Konkan branch of Shilaharas. Their capital was at Sthanak (Thane). Aparajita was an important king of this branch. He ruled for around thirty-five years. He was followed by Chittaraj.

(d) Shilaharas of Kolhapur: The modern districts of Satara, Sangli, Ratnagiri, and Belgaum were included in this kingdom. Jatiga established the Kolhapur branch of Shilaharas. Bhoj II was an important king of this dynasty. Kolhapur, Valivade, and Panhala were the capitals of this kingdom. ‘Koppeshwar Mahadev’ temple at Khidrapur was the creation of Shilaharas.

Activity

Visit the Kailasa temple at Ellora and prepare a detailed note.
Answer:

• The Kailasa temple is one of the 100 odd rock-cut cave temples and monasteries at Ellora.
• It is carved from a single, gigantic rock.
• Lies around 30 km northwest of Aurangabad in Maharashtra.
• Only 34 are accessible to the public.
• Ellora or Verul to the locals was located on an ancient South Asian trade.

Maharashtra State Board Class 11 History Textbook Solutions

• India During Mauryan Period Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Post Mauryan India Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Changing Times Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Kingdoms in South India Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• India, Nations in the Northwest of the Indian Subcontinent a Class 11 History Textbook Solutionsnd China
• India, Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Delhi Sultanate, Vijayanagar and Bahamani Kingdom Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• India During Mughal Period Class 11 History Textbook Solutions
• Swarajya to Empire (Maratha Period) Class 11 History Textbook Solutions