Category: Class 10

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions Unit 3.1 Night of the Scorpion Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Kumarbharati Textbook Solutions Unit 3.1 Night of the Scorpion

Night Of The Scorpion Poem Questions And Answers

Maharashtra Board Class 10 English Solutions Unit 3.1 Warming Up Questions and Answers

Night Of The Scorpion Poem Questions And Answers Question 1.
Get into pairs and discuss the following with your partners and complete the table.
Many people are superstitious. This means that they have belief for which they have no logical reason.
An example of superstition is that – walking under a ladder brings bad luck.
In pairs, list any superstitions that you know of.

Superstition	What it implies
(1) Smashing a mirror (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)	Brings seven years of bad luck.

Answer:

Superstition	What it implies
(1) Walking under a ladder	Brings bad luck.
(2) Smashing a mirror	Brings seven years of bad luck.
(3) A black cat crossing your path	A bad omen.
(4) Twitching of the eye	Brings bad luck.
(5) Sweeping your house after sunset	Goddess Lakshmi will walk out.
(6) Going near a peepal tree at night	The ghosts will kill you.
(7) Putting a black dot on your child’s face	Will ward off the evil eye.

Night Of The Scorpion Questions And Answers Question 2.
Brainstorm what you know about Scorpions. Use the points given below.

Answer:

Night of the Scorpion Class 10 English Workshop Questions and Answers Maharashtra Board

Night Of The Scorpion Question 1.
After reading the poem, complete the following. What happens? There are three main parts of the poem. Do you know what they are about? The first one is done for you.

Lines	What is happening?
1-7	The scorpion comes into the home to escape the rain and stings the poet’s mother.
8-33
34-48

Answer:

Lines	What is happening
1-17	The scorpion comes into the house to escape the rain and stings the poet’s mother. It then braves the rain again. The peasants come when they hear the news and search for the scorpion. They click their tongues to show their disappointment. They say that with eveiy movement the scorpion makes, the poison moves in the victim’s blood.
18-33	The villagers sympathize with the mother and offer consolation in various ways. They sit round the floor with the mother in the centre. More neighbours came in to help, with more candles and more lanterns.
34-48	The father is desperate and though he is a rationalist, he tries all sorts of things to cure the mother. He calls a holy man to perform rites and even poured paraffin on the bitten toe and set fire to it. After twenty hours the scorpion loses Its sting. All that the mother says Is that she is thankful to God that the scorpion picked her and spared her children.

Night Of Scorpion Question Answers Question 2.
Complete the following tables.
(A)

Background/setting of the poem
Type	Evidence (Quote lines from the poem)
Rural/Urban	……………………………………….

Answer:

Background/setting of the poem
Type	Evidence (Quote lines from the poem)
Rural	(1) ‘The peasants came like swarms of flies’. (2) ‘and buzzed,the name of God a hundred times’. (3) To paralyse the evil one’. (4) ‘With candles and with lanterns’ (5) ‘on‘the mud-baked walls’ (6) ‘His poison moved in Mother’s blood, they said.’ (7) They sat around on the floor with my mother in the centre’ (8) More candles, more lanterns’. (9) groaning on a mat (10) trying every curse and blessing, powder, mixture, herb and hybrid (11) I watched the holy man perform his rites

(B)

Scorpion
Many images of the scorpion contrast in the opening lines of the poem. Find examples of each and add them to the columns below.
Timid	Dangerous
(1) hides …………………. (2) …………………. back	(i) Diabolic …………………. (ii) ………………….

Answer:

Scorpion
Timid	Dangerous
(1) Hides beneath a sack of rice	(1) Diabolic tail
(2) Is afraid of the people and goes back	(2) The Evil One
	(3) His poison moved in Mother’s blood

(C)

Imagery
Look at the description of the village peasants. What does the imagery suggest about them?
The Images	What images suggest
They came like swarms of flies.
They buzzed the name of God.
They threw giant scorpion shadows on the mud-baked walls.
They clicked their tongues.

Answer:

Imagery
The images	what the images suggest
1) They came swarms of flies.	(1) They came it very large numbers, a huge crowd of people moving towards the house, like a swarm of flies.
(2) They buzzed the name of God.	(2) They kept repeating the name of God softly and continuously, like the buzzing of bees.
(3) They threw giant scorpion shadows on the mud-baked walls.	(3) The lanterns they carried threw shadows on the walls, which looked like huge scorpion shadows to the frightened villagers.
(4) They clicked their tongues.	(4) They made sorrowful and frightening sounds with their tongues.

Night Of The Scorpion Question Answers Question 3.
Choose the correct alternative.

1. The child is afraid but admires …………………………
(a) the initiative of the peasants.
(b) his father trying every way to cure.
(c) the bravery of his mother.
Answer:
(c) the bravery of his mother

2. His father and the villagers panic and hastily suggest ………………………….
(a) to take her to the hospital.
(b) ayurvedic treatment.
(c) religious remedies to help.
Answer:
(c) religious remedies to help

3. The poet seems to see the villagers as impractical and almost irritating which suggests that …………………………
(a) the poet is critical of caste
(b) the poet is critical of religion
(c) the poet is critical of tradition.
Answer:
(c) the poet is critical of tradition

4. This is a ………………………… poem as it tells a story.
(a) reflective
(b) imaginative
(c) narrative
Answer:
(c) narrative

5. Using the first person gives the feeling that it is told from …………………………
(a) personal experience
(b) public experience
(c) private experience
Answer:
(a) personal experience

6. ‘The scorpion picked on me. And spared my children’ depicts …………………………
(a) mother’s bravery
(b) mother’s endurance
(c) selfless and unconditional love of mother.
Answer:
(c) selfless and unconditional love of a mother

7. The poem does not have a rhyme scheme, which means the poem is a perfect example of a …………………………
(a) Ballad
(b) Sonnet
(c) Free verse
Answer:
(c) free verse

8. The poem is titled ‘Night of the Scorpion’, for, the major part of the poem, …………………………
(a) the mother remains triumphant at the end.
(b) the scorpion is the victor.
(c) the father succeeds in curing the mother.
Answer:
(b) the scorpion is the victor

9. The peasants chant the name of God to …………………………
(a) nullify the stinging experience
(b) praise God.
(c) appease God.
Answer:
(a) nullify the stinging experience

10. The click of tongues reflects their ………………………… to the predicament.
(a) individual response
(b) collective response
(c) group response
Answer:
(b) collective response

Night Of The Scorpion Questions Question 4.
From the poem provide evidence for the following :

Stages	Evidence (lines from the poem)
(a) the attempts by the peasants to help alleviate the mother’s pain. (b) the action of these same peasants to kill the scorpion (c) the reaction of the rational father. (d) the various superstitions versus the ‘scientific’ (e) evil versus good.

Answer:

Stages	Evidence (lines from the extract)
(a) the attempts by the peasants to help alleviate the mother’s pain.	(1) The peasants came like swarms of flies’ (2) ‘and buzzed the name of God a hundred times to paralyse the Evil One.’ (3) ‘With candles and with lanterns’
(b) the action of these same peasants to kill the scorpion.	(1) ‘they searched for him’ (2) ‘they clicked their tongues’
(c) evil versus good	‘and buzzed the name of God a hundred times to paralyse the Evil One.’                                                ‘

Night Of Scorpion Question Answers Question 5.
Read the poem and complete the table showing the qualities of the father and mother giving sufficient evidences from the poem.

Qualities
Father	Mother

Answer:

Qualities
Father	Mother
sceptic, rationalist,  loving, desperate	patient, long-suffering, brave, self-sacrificing, selfless
Lines as evidence: My father, sceptic, rationalist, Trying every curse and blessing, Powder, mixture, herb and hybrid. He even poured a little paraffin Upon the bitten toe and put a match to it. I watched the holy man perform his rites to tame the poison with an incantation.	Lines as evidence : My mother twisted through and through, groaning on a mat. My mother only said Thank God the scorpion picked on me and spared my children.

Night Of The Scorpion Question Answers Question 6.
(A) Match the Figures of Speech with the correct definition.

Poetic Devices
Figure	Definition
(1) Metaphor (2) Alliteration (3) Onomatopoeia (4) Simile	(a) The use of the same sound at the beginning of words (b) An implied comparison. (c) A comparison between two different things, especially a phrase, containing the words ‘like’ or ‘as’ (d) A word which resembles the sound it represents.

Answer:

Poetic Devices
Figure	Definition
(1) Metaphor (2) Alliteration (3) Onomatopoeia (4) Simile	(b) An implied comparison. (a) The use of the same sound at the beginning of words (d) A word which resembles the sound it represents. (c) A comparison between two different things, especially a phrase, containing the words ‘like’ or ‘as’

(B) Find examples from the poem that contain :
Similie : …………………………
Metaphor : …………………………
Onomatopoeia : …………………………
Answer:
Similie: A comparison between two different things, especially a phrase, containing the words ‘like’ or ‘as’
Metaphor: An implied comparison.
Onomatopoeia: A word which resembles the sound it represents.

Question 7.
Expand the flow chart in writing a paragraph in your own words.

Answer:
The poet’s mother is bitten by a scorpion and is in great agony. She fights the venom of the scorpion with the help of her husband and the villagers. She is unable to say anything, but only groans in pain. Finally, the poison is tamed after twenty hours. In the end, the mother thanks God that she has survived the ordeal, and that the scorpion had picked on her and spared her children.

Question 8.
The poet has used various kinds of imagery to create an image which appeal to our senses. Pick out various kinds of imagery and complete the table.

Visual imagery appealing to eyes	Tactile imagery (sense of touch)	Sound imagery	Internal sensations, feelings and emotions
(1) Scropion crawling beneath a sack of rice	(1) …………………………… …………………………… ……………………………	(1) buzzed the name of God	(1) fear
(2)	(2) Father pouring paraffin on the toe	(2) …………………………… …………………………… ……………………………	(2) ……………………………

Answer:

Visual imagery appealing to eyas	Tactile imagery (Sense of touch)	Sound imagery	Internal sensations, feelings and emotions
(1) Scorpion crawling beneath a sack of rice	(1) I watched the flame feeding on my mother	(1) buzzed the name of God	(1) fear
(2) With Candles and lanterns throwing giant scorpion shadows on the mud-baked walls.	(2) Father pouring paraffin on the toe	(2) They clicked their tongues	(2) pain

Question 9.
Write an appreciation of the poem in a paragraph format.
Answer:
Point Format
(for understanding)
The title of the poem : Night of the Scorpion’
The poet: Nissirn Ezekiel
Rhyme scheme : written In frcc verse without any rhyme scheme or mctrc
Figures of speech : Onomatopoeia, Metaphor, Alliteraüon, Sim Ile, Antithesis, etc.
Theme/Central idea : The poet depicts the selflessness and unconditional love of a mother who stung by a scorpion.

Paragraph Format
Thc poem ‘Night of the Scorpion’ is written by Nissim Ezekiel. The poem is written in free verse without any rhyme scheme or metre. There are many figures of speech e.g. Onomatopoeia like ‘and buzzed the name of God a hundred times’. Here, we feel we can actually hear the buzzing of the prayers of the many peasants. The other figures of speech are Metaphor. Alliteration. Simile. Antithesis, etc.

The theme of the poem is the sense of sacrifice shown by a devoted mother. Even as she suffers the pangs of a scorpion-bite, she thanks God for sparing her children from such an ordeal.

Question 10
Project
Prepare a Presentation (on paper or on a PC) as a piece of reference to other students. Make use of the following points.
(1) Title page
(2) Introduction of the poet
(3) The Complete poem (All 48 lines)
(4) Learning objectives

(5) Style of writing
(6) Scorpion lines (1-7)
(7) The peasants
(8) The poet’s father
(10) The poet’s mother
(11) Vocabulary
(12) Credits (positive aspects)

Question 11.
Complete the following: (The answers are given directly and underlined.)
(1) The scorpion was forced to take shelter in the poet’s house to …………………
(2) In line no. 3, the word ‘him’ refers to …………………
(3) To ‘paralyse the Evil One’ in stanza 3 means ………………….
(4) ‘They’ in stanza 4 refers to ………………….
Answer:
(1) escape the heavy rain.
(2) the scorpion.
(3) to stop the activity of the devil, the scorpion.
(4) the peasants M10 had come to help.

Question 12.
Explain why the poem begins with the poet \ remembering the night.
Answer:
The poem begins with the poet remembering | the night because the whole incident that is narrated in the poem was very memorable and took place in the night. It created a strong impression on the poet.

Question 13.
Write the reactions of the people when they knew that the mother was stung by a scorpion.
Answer:
When the people knew that the poet’s mother was stung by a scorpion:
(i) The peasants came in swarms to help.
(ii) They buzzed the name of God a hundred times.
(iii) They searched for the scorpion with candles and lanterns.
(iv) They clicked their tongues because he was not found.

Question 14.
Pick out an example of Simile from the extract.
Answer:
The peasants came like swarms of flies. The peasants are compared directly to swarms of flies, with the use of the word like’.

Question 15.
Pick out an example of Metaphor from the extract.
Answer:
to paralyse the Evil One’. The scorpion is Implicitly compared to the devil.

Question 16.
Pick out examples of Onomatopoeia from the extract.
Answer:
(1) ‘and buzzed the name of God’
The word ‘buzzed’ indicates sound.

(2) ‘They clicked their tongues.’
The word ‘clicked’ indicates sound.

Question 17.
Pick out examples of Alliteration from the extract.
Answer:
(1) Parting with his poison-flash
Repetition of the sound of the letter ‘p’.

(2) of diabolic tail in the dark room
Repetition of the sound of the letter ‘d’.

(3) throwing giant scorpion shadows.
Repetition of the sound of the letter ‘s’.

Question 18.
Pick out an example of Antithesis from the extract:
Answer:
‘they searched for him: he was not found’ Words having opposite or contradictory meanings are used in the same line.

Question 19.
Write down the rhyming words from the stanzas for the following:
(i) fight
(ii) clash
Answer:
(i) fight-night
(ii) clash-flash.

Question 20.
Complete the following: The peasants consoled the mother, saying:
(1) the poison will burn away ………………………
(2) her suffering will decrease …………………….
(3) the evil in this world will be …………………………
(4) the poison will purify her …………………………..
Answer:
(1) the sins of her previous birth
(2) the misfortunes of her next birth
(3) diminished by her pain.
(4) flesh of desire and her spirit of ambition.

Question 21.
(a) Pick out examples of Alliteration from the extract:
Answer:
(1) ‘May he sit still, they said’.
Repetition of the sound of the letter ‘s’.

(2) ‘May the poison purify your flesh’
Repetition of the sound of the letter ‘p’.

(b) Pick out an example of Antithesis from the extract:
Answer:
‘May the sum of all evil balanced in this unreal world against the sum of good’ Words having opposite meanings are placed close for contrast.

(c) Pick out an example of Repetition from the extract:
Answer:
‘More candles, more lanterns, more. neighbours’ Repetition of the word ‘more’ for emphasis.

Question 22.
Complete the following: (The answers are given directly and underlined.)
(1) The mother found relief …………………….
(2) All through the ordeal, the poet’s mother ………………..
Answer:
(1) after twenty hours.
(2) twisted and groaned in pain.

Question 23.
(1) Pick out an example of Onomatopoeia from the extract.
Answer:
‘groaning on a mat’ The word ‘groaning’ indicates sound.

Question 24.
Pick out examples of Alliteration from the extract.
Answer:
(1) ‘powder, mixture, herb and hybrid’
Repetition of the sound of the letter ‘h’.

(2) ‘He even poured a little paraffin’
Repetition of the sound of the letter ‘p’.

(3) ‘I watched the flame feeding on my mother’
Repetition of the sound of the letter ‘f.

Question 25.
Pick out an example of Antithesis from the extract:
Answer:
‘trying every curse and blessing’ Words having opposite meanings are placed close for contrast.

Question 26.
Pick out an example of Personification from the extract:
Answer:
‘I watched the flame feeding on my mother’ The flame is given the human quality of feeding.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions Unit 4.6 The Gift of the Magi Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Kumarbharati Textbook Solutions Unit 4.6 The Gift of the Magi

The Gift Of The Magi Questions and Answers

Maharashtra Board Class 10 English Solutions Unit 4.6 Warming Up Questions and Answers

The Gift Of The Magi Questions And Answers Question 1.
The moment you hear the word ‘Gift’, what feelings do you experience? Complete the web with those feelings.

Answer:

Gift Of Magi Questions And Answers Question 2.
‘Gifts’ need not be material gifts. They can be abstract and yet priceless. For example, favours, kindness, help in times of need etc.
Think of and enlist such unforgettable gifts given to you by :
(1) Parents/ Grand parents : ………………………………………..
(2) Siblings/ relatives : ………………………………………..
(3) Friends : ………………………………………..
(4) Strangers : ………………………………………..
Answer:
(1) love, kindness, etc.
(2) support, empathy, etc.
(3) loyalty, sympathy, etc.
(4) courtesy, help, etc.

Gift Of The Magi Questions And Answers Question 3.
Say whether the words underlined are infinitives/ participles or gerunds.
(1) The athletes wanted to take part in the running race.
(a) ………………………………………..
(b) ………………………………………..
Answer:
(a) to take – infinitive:
(b) running – participle

(2) Would you like to eat at the dinning table?
(a) ………………………………………..
(b) ………………………………………..
Answer:
(a) to eat – infinitive;
(b) dining – participle

(3) Reading is good for the mind and soul. So take up reading books.
(a) ………………………………………..
(b) ………………………………………..
Answer:
(a) Reading – gerund;
(b) reading – gerund

(4) I like to eat fruits rather than eating sweets.
(a) ………………………………………..
(b) ………………………………………..
Answer:
(a) to eat – infinitive;
(b) eating – gerund

(5) Listening and speaking sharpen your language skills.
(a) ………………………………………..
(b) ………………………………………..
Answer:
(a) Listening – gerund;
(b) speaking-gerund

The Gift of the Magi Class 10 English Workshop Questions and Answers Maharashtra Board

The Gift Of The Magi Answers Question 1.
Complete the following.
(a) Della had saved ………………………………………..
(b) Della wanted to buy ………………………………………..
(c) Della’s beautiful hair tell about ………………………………………..
Answer:
(a) one dollar and eighty-seven cents.
(b) a Christmas present for Jim
(c) her rippling and shining like a cascade of brown waters.

The Gift Of The Magi Questions Question 2.
Answer the following questions:
(a) How much did Della save for Christmas ? What does it show ?
(b) Why did Della take pride in the beauty of her hair?
(c) Why and how did Della sell her hair? Do you think she did well ?
(d) Why did Jim sell his gold watch? Do you think he did well ?
(e) Why did Jim and Della want to present the gifts?
(f) Why did Della feel sad on losing her hair?
(g) What did Jim bring out from his coat? Describe the scene.
(h) How beautiful was the gold watch chain? Would you have liked to own it?
(i) How did the Magi want to celebrate their Christmas (OR) Who were the first people to give Christmas gifts ?
(j) What is the moral of the story?
Answer:
(a) Della saved one dollar and eighty-seven cents for Christmas. It shows that she was very poor.
(b) because Jim thought that she was pretty because of her hair.
(c) Della sold her lovely long hair to get money to buy a Christmas present for Jim.
(d) She sold it to a woman who dealt in hair goods of all kinds. Yes, she did it willingly even though it was her prized possession.
(e) it was Christmas Eve, a time for giving gifts.
(f) it was very beautiful and her prized possession.
(g) Jim brought out a package from his coat.
(h) The watch chain was very beautiful. It was made of platinum, and simple and chaste in design. No, I would not have liked to own it, because I do not carry a watch that needs a chain. It is old-fashioned.
(i) The Magi wanted to celebrate their Christmas by exchanging gifts. They werejhe first people to give Christmas gifts.
(j) The moral of the story is that unselfish love is the greatest of all gifts, and those who realize this fact are the wisest.

The Gift Of The Magi Question Answers Question 3.
Complete the following activity :
Map the problems and solutions in “The Gift of the Magi” on the diagram below. Two problems have already been filled in.

Answer:

The Gift Of Magi Solutions Question 4.
Read the following and answer.
(A) Say WHAT
(a) ……………………………….. troubled Della on Christmas Eve?
(b) ……………………………….. was the current family income?
(c) ……………………………….. could have outshone Queen of Sheba’s jewels?
(d) ……………………………….. was the cost of the fob chain?
(e) ……………………………….. sent Jim into a trance, on his return?
Answer:
(a) The next day was Christmas Day and Della had only one dollar and eighty-seven cents with which to buy Jim a present. She had spent a lot of time thinking about a good present for him. but with the money she had saved she would not get anything worthy of him. Hence, she was feeling disturbed.
(b) $20 per week.
(c) Della’s beautiful hair
(d) twenty-one dollars.
(e) Jim saw that Della had cut off her beautiful hair. It was seeing this that sent him into a trance.

(B) Say WHY
(a) ……………………………….. did Della sell her lovely long hair ?
(b) ……………………………….. was Della a bit apprehensive after she had sold her hair ?
(c) ……………………………….. did Jim avoid checking the time in his gold watch, in a public place?
(d) ……………………………….. did Della’s scream of joy change to loud wails ?
(e) ……………………………….. in the end, did Jim ask Della to put the chops on?
Answer:
(a) to get money to buy a Christmas present for Jim.
(b) she was afraid of Jim’s reaction.
(c) the leather strap he used in place of a chain was old.
(d) Jim’s gift to Della was the set of tortoise shell combs that she had adored. She had craved and yearned for them, so that they could adorn her beautiful hair. When she opened the package and saw them, she was first ecstatic with joy that she had got what she had coveted; but her scream of joy turned to wails when she remembered that the beautiful hair they would have adorned was now cut off. The gift was hence useless.
(e) Jim knew that neither of them could use their Christmas gifts for the time being. Hence, he wanted to put them away and keep them for some time. He wanted to get back to daily life. Hence, he asked Della to put the chops on.

(C) Say WHEN
(a) ……………………………….. had Jim added ‘Dillingham’ as his middle name ?
(b) ……………………………….. did a tear or two drop on the old red carpet ?
(c) ……………………………….. did Della go through goods in the stores ?
(d) ……………………………….. did Della say a silent prayer to God ?
(e) ……………………………….. did Jim try to divert their attention for ten seconds, at least?
Answer:
(a) a former period of prosperity, when he was earning $30 per week.
(b) Della made up her mind to cut off her beautiful hair.
(c) she was searching for a suitable present for Jim.
(d) she heard Jim’s step on the stairway down on the first flight.
(e) Jim realized that Della was afraid of his reaction to her short hair. In order to console her, he probably hugged her and the narrator tries to divert our attention to something else, to give them privacy. It could also mean that the narrator is asking us to think about the importance of riches-how important is it to happiness.

The Gift Of The Magi Question Answer Question 5.
Complete Use the chart below to explain situational irony in ‘The Gift of the Magi’. For each character, identify what is expected to happen and what actually happens.

SITUATIONAL IRONY
What Della plans :	What actually happens
What Jim plans :	What actually happens :

Answer:

SITUATIONAL IRONY
What Della plans : To give Jim a wonderful Christmas gift in the form of a fob chain.	What actually happens : Jim cannot use Della’s gift of a fob chain for his watch because he has sold his watch to get her gift.
What Jim plans : To give Della a wonderful Christmas gift in the form of a set of tortoise shell combs.	What actually happens : Della cannot use Jim’s gift of combs because she has cut and sold her hair to get him his gift.

The Gift Of Magi Question Answer Question 6.
Complete the following activity.
Word List :
agile, cascade, coveted, instigate, prudence, assertion, chronicle, inconsequential, predominating, subside, gobbling.

Fill in each set of blanks with the correct word from the word list. The boxed letters will spell out something that Della receives.

1. A small waterfall
2. You wished greedily for something.
3. This describes something important.
4. You hope a loud siren will do this.
5. Troublemakers do this.

Answer:

(1) A small waterfall	CAS[C]ADE
(2) You wished greedily for something	C[O]VETED
(3) This describes something important	PREDO[M]INATING
(4) You hope a loud siren, will do this	SU[B]SIDE
(5) Troublemakers do this	IN[S]TIGATE

COMBS

The Gift Of The Magi Questions And Answers For Class 6 Question 7.
Complete the following basic plot diagram :

Answer:

A Gift For Christmas 10th Class Question Answer Question 8.
Pick out from the story words that mean the following.
Against each consumer write (N) if it is a Noun (V) for Verb and (Adj) for Adjective.
(1) reluctance to spend money …………………………….. (  )
(2) relating to …………………………….. (  )
(3) urge …………………………….. (  )
(4) reduce in value …………………………….. (  )
(5) wisdom …………………………….. (  )
(6) very huge …………………………….. (  )
(7) foolishness …………………………….. (  )
Answer:
(1) reluctance to spend money …………………………….. (  )
(2) relating to …………………………….. (  )
(3) urge …………………………….. (  )
(4) reduce in value – depreciate ( Verb )
(5) wisdom – prudence ( Noun )
(6) very huge – mammoth ( Adjective )
(7) foolishness – idiocy (Noun)

The Gift Of Magi Question And Answers Question 9.
Think and answer on your own in a few sentences, in your notebook.
(a) What would you do if you ran short of money, to buy a birthday gift for one of your parents/siblings?
Answer:
If I ran short of money to buy a gift for one of my parents/siblings, I would borrow from someone else close to me. For example, if I wanted to buy a bag for my sister and fell short of money, I would ask my mother to lend it to me. If I wanted to buy something for Mom and did not have the money for it, I would borrow from dad.

(b) Think of two alternatives that could have prevented Della as well as Jim from selling their most precious possessions.
Answer:
Both knew that they were poor and couldn’t afford expensive gifts. So they could have just given each other small token gifts of flowers or cards. This would have prevented them from selling their most precious possessions.

(c) Justify the title of the story, ‘The Gift of the Magi’.
Answer:
The Magi were three wise men who brought gifts for baby Jesus during Christmas. They knew how to give and gave unique gifts with special emphasis. In the same way, Della and Jim gave each other unique gifts. The author compares their giving to the gifts the Magi gave to baby Jesus, ffe calls them tire ‘Magi’ because of their wisdom in realizing that unselfish love is the greatest of all gifts.

(d) Gifts that you buy have fixed prices/ rates. How can the buyer increase the value of a gift bought for someone very dear in the family?
Answer:
The buyer can increase the value of a gift bought for someone very dear in the family by giving it with words of love and gratitude. He /She can also write something loving on a card and attach it to the gift.

(e) What situation is the climax of the story ? How does it end up as an Anticlimax?
Answer:
The climax should have been the happiness and joy on the faces of Jim and Della when they see their gifts. It ends up as an anti-climax because though they had got what they coveted, neither of them could now use the gifts.

(f) If you share this story with some friends in a junior class, how would they react in the end?
Answer:
They would probably just feel that all the sacrifice was wasted. They would not have realized the deeper meaning of the story.

(g) Who were the very first people to give Christmas gifts? What had inspired them to do so?
Answer:
The Magi visited Jesus after his birth to give gifts to honour him. The Magi wanted to celebrate their Christmas by exchanging gifts. They werejhe first people to give Christmas gifts.

(h) At the end of the story, O Henry remarks that of all who give gifts, Della and Jim were the wisest. Think and explain this paradoxial remark.
Answer:
Jim and Della were initially foolish enough to believe that they needed to give material gifts in order to show their love for one another and that they had to sacrifice their most precious possessions to do so. However, they were also wise enough to know later that unselfish love is the greatest of all gifts.

The Gift Of Magi Question And Answer Question 10.
Pick out and rewrite the exact sentence which indirectly imply the following :
(a) Della was not too happy about bargaining for grocery etc.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Answer:
Pennies saved one and two at a time by bulldozing the grocer and the vegetable man and the butcher until one’s cheeks burned.

(b) The flat was in a dilapidated condition.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Answer:
It did not actually beggar description, but certainly had that word on the look out for the mendicancy squad.

(c) King Soloman would express his jealousy of Jim.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Answer:
Had King Solomon been the janitor, with all his treasures piled up in the basement, Jim would have pulled out his watch every time he passed, just to see him pluck at his beard with envy.

(d) Della spent a joyful time, for two hours.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Answer:
The next two hours tripped by on rosy wings.

(e) Della’s elated mood underwent a change as she opened her gift.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Answer:
An ecstatic scream of joy; and then alas! A quick feminine change to hysterical tears and wails.

(f) The weekly income amount does not matter.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Answer:
Whenever Mr. James Dillingham Young came home and reached his flat above he was called ‘Jim’ and greatly hugged by Mrs. James Dillingham Young.

The Gift Of The Magi Class 10 Question 11.
Frame wh-questions to get the underlined answers.
(1) Life is made up of sobs, sniffles and smiles.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Answer:
What is life made up of?

(2) Many a happy hour she had spent planning for something nice for him.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Answer:
Who had spent many a happy hour planning something nice for him?

(3) Her hair reached below her knee.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Answer:
Where did her hair reach?

(4) She was ransacking the stores for Jim’s present.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Answer:
She has been ransacking the stores for Jim’s present.

(5) At 7 o’clock the coffee was made.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Answer:
When was the coffee made?

(6) The magi were wise men.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Answer:
Who were the magi?

The Gift Of The Magi Questions And Answers Pdf Question 12.
(A) Add appropriate question tags.
(1) Della leaped up, …………………….?
(2) You’ll have to look at the time, ………………….?
(3) They were expensive combs, ………………..?
(4) I just had to do it, ……………………..?
(5) I am still pretty, ………………………..?
(6) Give it to me quick, …………………?
(7) There was clearly nothing to do,…………..?
(8) My hair grows so fast, …………………?
(9) Let’s put our Christmas presents away, ………………….?
(10) She had a habit for saying a silent prayer, ………………….. ?
Answer:
(1) Della leaped up, didn’t she?
(2) You’ll have to look at the time, won’t you?
(3) They were expensive combs, weren’t they?
(4) I just had to do it, didn’t I?
(5) I am still pretty, aren’t I?
(6) Give it to me quick, won’t you?
(7) There was clearly nothing to do, was there?
(8) My hair grows so fast, doesn’t it?
(9) Let’s put our Christmas presents away, shall we?
(10) of saying a little silent prayer about the simplest everyday things.

(B) Supply short answers (Pronoun + Auxiliary Verb)
Questions – Answers
(1) Don’t you like me ? Yes, ………………..
(2) Have you cut off your hair ? Yes, ………………..
(3) Shall I put the chops on ? Yes, ………………..
(4) Isn’t it a dandy ? Yes, ………………..
(5) Does it make difference ? No, ………………..
(6) Will you buy my hair ? No, ………………..
(7) Can you afford it ? No, ………………..
(8) Are you fooling me ? No, ………………..
Answer:
(1) Yes, I do.
(2) Yes, I have.
(3) Yes, you shall/can.
(4) Yes, it is.
(5) No, It doesn’t.
(6) No, I won’t.
(7) No, I can’t.
(8) No, I’m not.

The Gift Of The Magi Story Questions And Answers Question 13.
Pick out the infinitives/ gerunds/ participles from the following sentences and state what each one is.
(1) I want to see how it looks.
………………………………………………………….

(2) I don’t like frightening stories.
………………………………………………………….

(3) We decided to settle in Pune.
………………………………………………………….

(4) Playing sitar is Arjun’s hobby.
………………………………………………………….

(5) It was a horrifying experience for all of us.
………………………………………………………….
Answer:
(1) to see – infinitive
(2) frightening – participle
(3) to settle – infinitive
(4) playing – gerund
(5) horrifying – participle

The Gift Of The Magi Solution Question 14.
List the signs that indicate that Della was very poor.
Answer:
The following things show us that Della was very poor:
(i) The house was a poorly furnished flat at $8 per week.
(ii) The couch was small and shabby.
(iii) In the vestibule below was a letter-box and an electric bell, both of which were not functioning.
(iv) The current family income was $20 per week.
(v) After a lot of bargaining and penny-pinching, Della had saved only one dollar and eighty-seven cents for Christmas.

The Gift Of Magi Questions And Answers Question 15.
Pick out from the passage words that mean the following, and state if it is a Noun, Verb or Adjective: (The answers are given directly and underline.)
Answer:

Phrase	Word From the passage	Part of Speech
(1) Reluctance to spend money	parsimony	Noun
(2) Relating to	appertaining	Verb
(3) Urge	coax	Verb
(4) provokes	instigates	Verb

The Gift Of The Magi Question And Answer Question 16.
Rearrange the letters given below to form sensible words:
(i) stedoih
(ii) eilpmid
(iii) teccirle
(iv) ectubrh.
Answer:
(i) stedom – modest
(ii) teccirle – electric
(iii) eilpmid – implied
(iv) ectubrh – butcher

Question 17.
Della counted the money thrice. Explain what you think the reason for this may be.
Answer:
Della had struggled and bargained a lot to save money. She had hoped that she had saved enough money to buy Jim a proper Christmas present. She could not believe that it was only 1 dollar and 87 cents. She probably counted the money thrice in the hope that it was actually more than that.

Question 18.
Write whether the following statements are True or False:
(1) Della wanted to buy a Christmas present for Jim.
(2) There was a pier glass between the windows of the room.
(3) Jim now earned $30 per week.
(4) It was Christmas Eve.
Answer:
(1) True
(2) True
(3) False
(4) True

Question 19.
(1) Write the part of speech of each of the words given below:
(1) fairly accurate conception.
(ii) very agile person.
Answer:
(i) fairly-adverb
accurate – adj ective
conception – noun

(ii) very-adverb
agile-adjective
person-noun

Question 20.
Find from the passage the antonyms of the following words:
(1) common
(2) slow
(3) spending
(4) dully
Answer:
(1) common x rare
(2) slow x agile
(3) spending X saving
(4) dully x brilliantly

Question 21.
Rewrite the following sentence as an interrogative sentence: Twenty dollars a week doesn’t go far.
Answer:
Does twenty dollars a week go far?

Question 22.
Rewrite the following sentence beginning ‘Though ’: Her eyes were shining brilliantly, but her face had lost its colour.
Answer:
Though her eyes were shining brilliantly, her face had lost its colour.

Question 23.
Complete the following:
(1) The couple’s prized possessions were …………………………
(2) Della’s beautiful hair fell about ………………….
(3) Della felt sad on losing her hair because …………………….
Answer:
(1) Jim’s gold watch and Della’s beautiful hair.
(2) her rippling and shining like a cascade of brown waters.
(3) it was very beautiful and her prized possession.

Question 24.
Write the adjective forms of the following words and pick out those that are participles:
(1) possessions
(2) treasures
(3) envy
(4) sparkle
Answer:
(1) possessions – possessive
(2) treasures – treasured (past participle)
(3) envy – envious
(4) sparkle – sparkling (present participle)

Question 25.
Complete the following:
(a) The gift Della bought for Jim was ………………………
Answer:
(a) a platinum fob chain.

Question 26.
Explain why Della looked at her reflection critically.
Answer:
Della had cut off her beautiful hair, which Jim had loved. She was worried about his reaction to her short hair, and to make it look better she had curled her newly-cut hair. She looked at her reflection critically hoping that Jim would like it.

Question 27.
Pick out 4 adverbs of manner from the passage.
Answer:
properly, wonderfully, carefully, critically.

Question 28.
Frame a Wh-question to get the underlined part as the answer: She was ransacking the store for Jim’s present.
Answer:
Why was she ransacking the store?

Question 29.
Rewrite the following sentence using ‘No sooner., than..’: As soon as she saw it she knew that it must be Jim’s.
Answer:
No sooner did she see it, than she knew that it must be Jim’s.

Question 30.
Complete the following: (The answers are given directly and underlined.)
(a) Jim stared at Della ………………….
(b) Della took pride in the beauty of her hair ………………….
Answer:
(a) because she had cut off her hair.
(b) because Jim thought that she was pretty because of her hair.

Question 31.
Complete the web with words to describe Jim.
Answer:

Question 32.
Pick out two words from the passage formed by using prefixes:
Answer:
immovable, disapproval.

Question 33.
Match the adjectives in column ‘A’ with the nouns in column ‘B’:

‘A’	‘B’
(1) new	(a) prayer
(2) silent	(b) overcoat
(3) first	(c) expression
(4) peculiar	(d) flight

Answer:

‘A’	‘B’
(1) new	(b) overcoat
(2) silent	(a) prayer
(3) first	(d) flight
(4) peculiar	(c) expression

Question 34.
Give your opinion: ‘It is important to give gifts.’
Answer:
Yes, it is. When you give gifts, you show your love and affection for the person. You also show that you have remembered the occasion-maybe a birthday or an anniversary. However, the gift should be thoughtfully chosen, keeping the likes and dislikes of the receiver in mind.

Question 35.
Put the following statements in the correct order of occurrence:
(1) “If you’ll unwrap that package you may see why you had me going a while at first.”
(2) “It’s Christmas Eve, boy.”
(3) “Don’t you like me just as well, anyhow?”
(4) “It’s sold, I tell you.”
Answer:
(3) “Don’t you like me just as well, anyhow?”
(4) “It’s sold, I tell you.”
(2) “It’s Christmas Eve, boy.”
(1) “If you’ll unwrap that package you may see why you had me going a while at first.”

Question 36.
Give reason: Della asked Jim to be good to her.
Answer:
Della asked Jim to be good to her for she had cut off her hair for his sake.

Question 37.
Complete the following:
This conversation took place on ………………….
Answer:
Christmas Eve.

Question 38.
Complete the following table:
Answer:

Noun	Adjective	Adverb
(1) labour	laborious	laboriously
(2) idiocy	idiotic	idiotically
(3) discretion	discreet	discreetly
(4) curiosity	curious	curiously

Question 39.
(1) Jim drew a package from his overcoat pocket and threw it upon the table. (Rewrite beginning ‘Drawing….’.)
(2) The magi brought valuable gifts, but that was not among them. (Rewrite beginning ‘Though ’.)
Answer:
(1) Drawing a package from his overcoat pocket, Jim threw it upon the table.
(2) Though the magi brought valuable gifts, that was not among them.

Question 40.
(1) The gift Jim had brought for Della was ………………………
(2) The beautiful present flashed with ……………………
(3) Jim and Della wanted to present the gifts because ………………….
Answer:
(1) a set of beautiful, pure tortoise shell combs, with jewelled rims.
(2) a reflection of Della’s bright and ardent spirit.
(3) it was Christmas Eve, a time for giving gifts.

Question 41.
Jim wanted to put the Christmas presents away and get back to daily life.
Answer:
And now, suppose you put the chops on.

Question 42.
Describe the scene when Della opened the package that Jim gave her.
Answer:
Della opened the package that Jim had given her with nimble fingers. She first gave an ecstatic scream of joy, which soon changed to hysterical tears and wails. Jim had to immediately comfort and soothe her. However, she hugged the gift lovingly to her bosom.

Question 43.
why Jim sold his gold watch. Do you think he did it willingly?
Answer:
Jim sold his gold watch to buy a Christmas gift for Della. Yes, he did it willingly, even though it was his prized possession.

Question 44.
why Jim and Della are referred to as the Magi.
Answer:
Jim and Della are referred to as the Magi because first each willingly sacrificed his/her prized possession for the sake of the loved one. Then they wisely realized that unselfish love is the greatest of all gifts.

Question 45.
Pick out from the story the word that means the following, and state if it is a Noun, Verb or Adjective: sought after
Answer:
sought after – coveted (Adjective)

Question 46.
Fill in the blanks with words from the passage that are the opposites of the underlined words: (The answers are given directly and underlined.)
(1) Something that is not ……………………..
(2) Something that is not ………………
(3) Men who are not ……………….. are ………………..
(4) Something that is not ………………… is ………………
Answer:
(1) cheap is expensive.
(2) bright is dull.
(3) foolish, wise.
(4) hated, worshipped.

Question 47.
(1) Pick out two compound words from the lesson.
(2) Pick out a gerund from the lesson and use it in your own sentence.
(3) Punctuate: youve cut off your hair asked jim laboriously
(4) Find out five hidden words from the given word: ornamentation
(5) Use the following phrase in your own sentence: on the corner of the table
(6) Spot the error and rewrite the correct sentence: Jim be never late.
(7) Identify the type of sentence: Isn’t it a dandy. Jim?
(8) Arrange the following in alphabetical order: Christmas, cheeks, chaste, chain, chops, coveted
(9) Complete the word chain of animal names: duck, k……., o……., h……., e……. .
Answer:
(1) backyard, letter-box
(2) saying: He had the habit of saying cruel things with a smile on his face.
(3) “You’ve cut off your hair?” asked Jim, laboriously.
(4) ornamentation: ornament, remain, mentor, meant, rotate
(5) The little boy sat on the corner of the table.
(6) Jim was never late.
(7) Interrogative and negative.
(8) chain, chaste, cheeks, chops, Christmas, coveted
(9) duck, kangaroo, ostrich, hare, elephant.

Question 48.
“You say your hair is gone?” he said, with an air almost of idiocy. (Rewrite in reported speech.)
Answer:
He asked her, with an air of almost idiocy, whether she said that her hair was gone.

Question 49.
(1) Use the following word as a verb and a noun in two separate sentences: look
(2) Use the given two words in a single sentence of your own: reflection, terrified
Answer:
(1) (i) “Look to your left and right before crossing the road,” said the policeman, (verb)
(ii) The woman gave the shopkeeper an angry look, (noun)
(2) The lion was terrified when it saw its reflection in the water.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 2.2 The Boy who Broke The Bank Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 2.2 The Boy who Broke The Bank

My English Coursebook Standard Ten Guide Chapter 2.2 The Boy who Broke The Bank Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up!

Chit-chat:

Question 1.
‘A lie can run round the world before truth has got its boots on.’ The above quotation expresses how fast rumours spread:
Talk with your group about some recent rumour, when people believed at first and suffered for it, later.
Answer:
There was a rumour recently in my locality, about a travel company that it was promising people a world tour at just ₹ 50,000. It had begun from a man’s misinterpretation of a newspaper advertisement, which stated that the company was offering a discount of ₹ 50,000. In no time, people were ready to book the tour for themselves.

They started contacting the company, in a rush, so that they didn’t miss the wonderful offer. On hearing the rumour, a conman thought of playing a trick. He claimed to be an employee of the company and started collecting money from people as advance. He even presented a fake Identity Card of himself, made fake bookings for the people and even gave them fake receipts for the payment they had made.

He took as many bookings as he could in a week and asked people to visit the company’s office in a week’s time to discuss further details. After a week, when people started showing up at the company’s office, they found out that the man never worked there and that the whole thing was a scam. More than 15 families fell victims to this scam and vowed never to believe in any such rumours again.

Question 2.
Discuss, how one can decide whether some news is a fact or fake.
Answer:
Points :
Find if it is reliable – believable – if it has any rational explanation – if it stands to your reason – or consider it fake and untrue – common sense can lead us to facts.

Question 3.
Who, do you think, are responsible for spreading fake news ?
Points :
Fake news are spread by some loafers or idle people or some mischief-makers – some spread false newsfor passing time – some justfor enjoying fun – some for taking revenge and harassing some targeted persons.

Question 4.
Do you believe in all the news you come across?
Points :
No – can use common sense – reasoning and its reliability.

Question 5.
Give one example of a rumour which seemed to be a fact in the beginning later it was proved false,
Answer:
SSC exams have been postponed for uncertain period. This news was not published by SSC Board.

2. Read the following statements. Describe whether they are facts or rumours. Justify your decision.

Question 1.
Read the following statements. Describe whether they are facts or rumours. Justify your decision.

Answer:

English Workshop:

1. Who am I? (Identify the character from the extract.)

Question 1.
Who am I? (Identify the character from the extract.)
(a) I am the washerman’s son. Who am I? Sitaram
(b) I am the owner of the bank, who am I? ……………..
(c) I am the sweeper, who am I? ………………
(d) I am the friend of Mrs. Srivastava, who am I? ……………..
(e) I am the hair dresser. Who am I?
(f) I have a crooked leg, who am I?
Answer:
(a) I am the washerman’s son. Who am I? – Sitaram
(b) I am the owner of the bank, who am I? – Seth Govind Ram
(c) I am the sweeper, who am I? – Nathu
(d) I am the friend of Mrs. Srivastava, who am I? – Mrs. Bhushan
(e) I am the hair dresser. Who am I? – Deep Chand
(f) I have a crooked leg, who am I? – The beggar Ganpat.

2. Make a list of customers of Pipalnagar Bank, from the extract.

Question 1.
Make a list of customers of Pipalnagar Bank, from the extract.
Answer:

1. Betel-seller
2. Tailor
3. Free vendor
4. Jeweller
5. Beggar
6. Deep Chand, the barber
7. Elderly Gentleman
8. Ganpat, the beggar

3. Match the following and write the complete meaningful sentences.

Question 1.
Match the following and write the complete meaningful sentences.

Answer:

Group A	Group B
i. Sitaram was looking out for any job…	(a) that might suit Nathu.
ii. According to Mrs.Bhushan…	(b) it was the hottest summer in the history of Pipalnagar.
iii. Govind Ram was…	(c) holidaying in Kashmir
iv. The manager told the customers…	(d) to go home and come back the next day.

4. Write who said to whom.

Question a.
“Don’t raise such dust!”
Answer:
Sitaram, the washerman’s son said this to Nathu, the sweeper.

Question b.
“Who would have thought the bank would collapse !“
Answer:
Nathu said this to himself.

Question c.
“Where did you disappear?”
Answer:
Mrs. Bhushan said this to her husband.

Question d.
“The bird has flown!”
Answer:
The elderly gentleman said to Deep Chand, the barber.

5. Why was the Manager of the Bank in a dilemma? Write down in 5 to 6 lines in your notebook.

Question 1.
Why was the Manager of the Bank in a dilemma? Write down in 5 to 6 lines in your notebook.
Answer:

1. The news of the collapse of the bank spread through Pipalnagar like wildfire and people rushed to the bank to withdraw their money.
2. By noon, the bank had exhausted all its ready cash.
3. This put the manager of the bank in a dilemma because emergency funds could only be obtained from another bank that was thirty miles away and he wasn’t sure that he would be able to convince the crowd to wait that long.
4. He was also worried because he had no way of contacting the owner of the bank, Seth Govind Ram, on his houseboat in Kashmir.

6. Cross out the odd man.

Question 1.
(a) sweeper, hooligan, beggar, declare, locker
(b) hurriedly, carelessly, salary, definitely, suddenly
(c) imminent, latest, pavement, awful, shocking
(d) morning, scattering, raising, collecting, shouting
Answer:
(a) sweeper, hooligan, beggar, declare, locker – declare
(b) hurriedly, carelessly, salary, definitely, suddenly – salary
(c) imminent, latest, pavement, awful, shocking – pavement
(d) morning, scattering, raising, collecting, shouting – morning

7. Find the describing words for the following from the text.

Question 1.
Find the describing words for the following from the text.

• …….. tour
• …….. shop
• …….. window
• …….. leg

Answer:

• customary tour
• photography shop
• plate glass window
• crooked leg

8. Complete the following table.

Question 1.
Complete the following table.

Answer:

Verb	Noun	Adjectives	Adverb
pay	payment	payable	×
×	suddenness	sudden	suddenly
declare	declaration	declarable	×
cheer	cheer	cheerful	cheerfully

9. Write in your own words a few sentences about each of the following :
(a) Nathu
(b) Mrs. Shrivastava
(c) Seth Govind Ram
(d) Sitaram

Question a.
Nathu
Answer:
Nathu: Nathu was a sweeper working with the Pipalnagar Bank, owned by Seth Govind Ram. He was annoyed because the Bank had not paid his salary though they were the last days of the month. He was sweeping hurriedly and carelessly because he was not happy with the owner. He was thinking of leaving that job.

Question b.
Mrs. Shrivastava
Answer:
Mrs Srivastava was Sitaram’s customer and was the lady of the house he visited. She gave some instructions to the ayah and the cook and then went the Pipalnagar market place, to make her usual tour of the cloth market. At one end of the bazaar she met her friend Mrs Bhushan. They both complained of the hot summer and they talked about a sample of cloth. Then Mrs Srivastava told Mrs Bhushan that Seth Govind Ram’s bank could not pay their sweeper for over a month. She seems to be very talkative lady and was the root cause of the rumour about Pipalnagar Bank.

Question c.
Seth Govind Ram
Answer:
Seth Govind Ram was the owner of the Pipalnagar Bank. A rumour was spread that the bank was about to go bankrupt. There was chaos among the people of Pipalnagar. Seth was holidaying in Kashmir and the manager of the Bank was in dilemma as he was unable to contact Seth Govind Ram who was on his houseboat in Kashmir. There were rumours about Seth’s absence in Pipalnagar.

Question d.
Sitaram
Answer:
Sitaram: Sitaram was a washerman’s son. He used to deliver freshly pressed clothes to every home. He plodded barefoot along the road to deliver a big bundle of clothes on his head. He was a helpful person. He was glad that he would be of service to both, a customer and his friend, Nathu.

10. Expand the theme in a write-up of about 20 lines.

Question a.
‘Rumours are spread by fools and accepted by greater fools’.
Answer:
‘Rumours are spread by fools and accepted by greater fools’ It is a common tendency of idle people or mischief-makers to spread rumours. These rumour-mongers themselves are fools. They spread some nasty, false news. They themselves do not know the truth or fact in the news. Many a times they have not heard or seen anything but repeat some story/news to people without believing it themselves.

A rumour is any talk, report or hearsay of doubtful nature or unverified statement or assertion. If we track such a rumour, we will find that it either is a falsehood, gossip or an exaggeration of the truth. So we can say that those who start spreading such rumours are fools. Every rumour suggests something more than it conveys and gives people uncomfortable sense of suspicion, mystery and sometimes dreadful traumas.

Some rumours are harmless though, they are spread by fools who intend to get joy and fun in doing so. Any kind of rumour does not stop at one place it goes from one person to another and one place to another. But greater fools are those who satisfy their natural tendency to believe what they want to believe and that also without going to the root of the news. People accept these rumours, add something to each and tell others and they go on nastier and nastier.

So responsibility, who accept the rumours, is greater. Not only gullible, ignorant people fall prey to rumours but also some educated, knowledgeable persons believe them because at that moment they do not use their reason and common sense or rational explanation and then suffer themselves. These people are greater fools because they never care to examine if that particular rumour is reliable, true or if it can stand to their reason.

Before you accept any such rumour be sure it is a fact, nothing untrue and unreliable in it. Or you will have to face unpleasant memories and experiences. So keep away from rumours.

Question b.
‘Books are our real friends’
Answer:
Books are our real friends Books are our never-failing friends. They have their own value. As we need food for our body so we need books for our mind. They are our closest friends who give us precious wealth of knowledge and experience. They deal with various subjects in the world and on every aspect of our life. They are the world of treasures.

The books entertain us, advise us and give comfort and contentment to our soul and most importantly they impart wisdom that helps us throughout our life. They help you in your sufferings, depression and soothe your soul. They give you company when you are alone.

They are your real companions. Making friendship with books itself is a blessing. They take us to the journey into the beautiful world and help you to achieve your success like your true best friends. Good books also teach you the qualities that last long in your life. They give you confidence and courage to speak, to improve your language skills and develop your personality.

They accompany you in painful struggles, difficulties and bad days. They also help you to avoid your mistakes, flaws, teaching you wise conduct and wise tolerance towards others.

The books influence you forever and make you a gentle and knowledgeable person.
So, borrow books, buy books, preserve them and make friends with them as your true, real friends!

11. Project: Collect the names of books written by Ruskin Bond.

Question 1.
Collect the names of books written by Ruskin Bond.
Answer:
The names of books written by Ruskin Bond.
The Room of the Roof, Blue Umbrella, The Night Train at Deoli, Rusty, the Boy from the Hills, Road to Musoorie, Tales and Legends from India, Our Trees still Grow in Dehra, The India I love, Maharani, The Flight of Pigeons, Dust of the Mountain, The Book of Simple Living, The Kitemakers, All Roads Lead to Ganga, A Season of Ghosts, Vagrants in the Valley, etc.

Language Study:

1. I know of a sweeper boy who’s looking for work.
Observe the underlined part of the sentence. It tells us more about the sweeper boy. An adjective clause begins with words such as how, that, what, whatever, who, which, where, why etc.
Now, complete the sentences given below using your own adjective clauses.

• I know of a school boy …………………………….. .
• I know the joke …………………………….. .
• I know of a doctor ……………………………… .
• I know of a place ………………………………. .
• I know the reason …………………………….. .

Question 1.
Complete the sentences given below using your own adjective clauses :

• I know of a school boy …………………………….. .
• I know the joke …………………………….. .
• I know of a doctor ……………………………… .
• I know of a place ………………………………. .
• I know the reason …………………………….. .

Answer:

• I know of a school boy who is expert in horse riding.
• I know the joke that will split your sides with laughter.
• I know of a doctor who is hard of hearing.
• I know of a place where people crave for . bull-fights.
• I know the reason why the girl is always gloomy in the class.

2. Rewrite the following sentences joining them with ‘when’, where’, ‘which’, ‘why’.

Question a.
Sitaram had a bundle of freshly pressed clothes. He balanced it on his head.
Answer:
Sitaram had a bundle of freshly pressed clothes which he balanced on his head.

Question b.
A large shady tamarind tree grew at one end of the bazaar. Mrs. Srivastava found her friend Mrs. Bhushan there.
Answer:
Mrs Srivastava found her friend Mrs Bhushan where a large shady tamarind tree grew at one end of the bazaar.

Question c.
The Pipalnagar Bank has stopped paying employees. It is about to collapse.
Answer:
Pipalnagar bank which is about to collapse, has stopped paying his employees.

Question d.
He had finished his work. He sat down on the highest step.
Answer:
He sat down on the highest step when he had finished his work.

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 2.2 The Boy who Broke The Bank Additional Important Questions and Answers

Read the following passage and do the activities:

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Who am I? (Identify the character)
Answer:
I am the place where you can deposit and withdraw money. – Bank

Question 2.
Complete the sentences using the information from the passage:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. Sitaram was looking out for any job that might suit Nathu.
2. The lady of the house was in need of a sweeper.
3. Sitaram talked to Mrs Srivastava about Nathu.

Question 3.
Who said to whom:

Question a.
‘Well, I wish you luck.’
Answer:
Sitaram said to Nathu.

Question b.
“But you go from one shop to another.”
Answer:
Mr Bhushan said this to his wife.

Question c.
“We want it now!”
Answer:
Some of the crowd said to the manager.

Question 4.
Complete the sentences using the information from the passage:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. Mr Srivastava was talking to Kamal Kishore the owner of the photography shop.
2. Sitaram was glad that he had been of service to both a customer and his friend.
3. According to Mrs Bhushan, it was the hottest summer in the history of Pipalnagar.
4. Mr Bhushan said to his wife, “You go from one shop to another, like a bee in a flower garden.”

Question 5.
Who am I? (Identify the characters).
Answer:

1. I am the owner of the photography shop. – Kamal Kishore
2. I am the friend of Mrs Srivastava – Mrs Bhushan

Question 6.
Who am I? (Identify the characters)
Answer:
I sell betels. – betel seller

Question 7.
Who said to whom?

Question a.
‘The Pipalnagar Bank is about to collapse.’
Answer:
Kamal Kishore said this to Deep Chand.

Question 8.
Complete the following sentences using the information from the passage:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. Govind Ram was holidaying in Kashmir.
2. The rumour about collapse of the Pipalnagar Bank spread through the bazaar with the rapidity of forest fire.
3. The photography shop was just next to the barber shop.
4. The elderly gentleman ran out of the barber’s shop and made a beeline for his office and chequebook.
5. The elderly gentleman called a bird to Seth Govind Ram.

Question 9.
Complete the following sentences with the information given in the passage:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. The man with crooked leg was old Ganpat, the beggar.
2. Someone said that the Seth had hanged himself from the tamarind tree.
3. Ganpat ran to the Bank speedily to withdraw his one thousand rupees from the bank.
4. The crash of the Pipalnagar Bank set everyone talking and speculating and rushing about in a frenzy.

Question 10.
State whether the following statements are Rumours or Facts:
Answer:

1. The manager told the customers to go home and come back next day. – Fact
2. Nathu was disgusted to see the broken glass and stones cluttering the steps. – Fact
3. Seth Govind Ram was hiding in a safe deposit locker. – Rumour
4. The bank was going out of business. – Rumour

Question 11.
Who are the persons referred to in the following sentences:
1. He was the last person to know about the Pipalnagar Bank going bankrupt.
2. He was happy that he did not have a bank account in Pipalnagar Bank.
Answer:
1. Nathu, the sweeper
2. Sitaram, the washerman’s son.

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Arrange the following sentences as per their sequence occurred in the passage:
1. Nathu complained about his irregular pay.
2. Nathu used the small broom hurriedly.
3. Sitaram called out to Nathu.
4. Nathu grumbled as he swept the steps of the bank.
Answer:
4. Nathu grumbled as he swept the steps of the bank.
2. Nathu used the small broom hurriedly.
3. Sitaram called out to Nathu.
1. Nathu complained about his irregular pay.

Question 2.
Complete the web about Nathu’s annoyance.
(Answer is directly given.)
Answer:

Question 3.
Complete the following web:
(Answer is directly given.)
Answer:

Question 4.
Complete the flow chart:
(Answers are directly given)
Answer:

Question 5.
How did the news spread everywhere?
Answer:
The news of the Bank’s collapse spread through the bazaar with the rapidity of fire. From Mr. Bhushan to Mr Kishore, Mr Kishore to the barber Deep Chand and the elderly gentleman and from there to the general merchant’s it travelled to the shop, circulated amongst the customers, then spread in various directions, to the betel-seller, the tailor, the free vendor, the jeweller, the beggar sitting on the pavement. It played havoc everywhere in Pipalnagar.

Question 6.
Complete the following sentences that tell you about Ganpat, the beggar:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. Ganpat was an old beggar who had a crooked leg.
2. He had been squatting on the pavement for years.
3. He never used to walk.
4. When he learnt the collapse of the Bank, he leapt to his feet and ran at top speed in the direction of the Bank to withdraw his thousand rupees.

Question 7.
What was the effect of the rumour on the people of Pipalnagar?
Answer:
Men stood in groups at street corners and started discussing about the situation. Everyone was talking and speculating and rushing about in a frenzy. Some congratulated themselves for already taking out their money or never having put their money in the Bank. Some speculated that Seth Govind Ram’s excessive indulgence was the reason of crash.

Question 8.
What were the four rumours about Seth Govind Ram?
Answer:
The four rumours about Seth Govind Ram were as follows

1. The Seth had fled the State.
2. He had fled the country.
3. He was hiding in Pipalnagar.
4. He had hanged himself from the tamarind tree.

Question 9.
Complete the web: (Answer is directly given.)
Answer:

Activities based on Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Match the describing words with the nouns:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. small	(a) man
2. pressed	(b) pay
3. regular	(c) clothes
4. poor	(d) broom

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. small	(d) broom
2. pressed	(c) clothes
3. regular	(b) pay
4. poor	(a) man

Question 2.
Find the describing words for the following from the passage:

1. rupees
2. home
3. week

Answer:

1. extra two rupees
2. fourth home
3. another week.

Question 3.
Find describing words for the following from the passage:
meal
tamarind tree
Answer:
midday meal
large shady tamarind tree

Question 4.
Complete the following table.
(Answer is directly given.)
Answer:

Verb	Noun	Adjectives	Adverb
–	confidence	confident	confidently
affirm	affirmation	affirmative	affirmatively
grow	growth	growing	–
remark	remark	remarkable	remarkably

Question 5.
Find the words from the passage that mean the following:

1. usual
2. raised to higher position
3. stable
4. without enough money to pay what you owe

Answer:

1. customary
2. hoisted
3. stationary
4. bankrupt

Question 6.
Make a list of customers of the Bank.:
Answer:
List of the customers: general merchant, customers of shops, betel-seller, the tailor, the free vendor, the jeweller, the beggar and many others.

Question 7.
Match the words in column ‘A’ with their meanings in Column ‘B’:

Column ’A’	Column ‘B’
1. awful	(a) the direct route
2. nicked	(b) the act of happening quickly.
3. beeline	(c) cut slightly
4. rapidity of fire	(d) shocking

Answer:

Column ’A’	Column ‘B’
1. awful	(d) shocking
2. nicked	(c) cut slightly
3. beeline	(a) the direct route
4. rapidity of fire	(b) the act of happening quickly.

Question 8.
Match the words in Column ‘A’ with their meanings in Column ‘B’:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. squatting	(a) guessing
2. frenzy	(b) difficult situation
3. speculating	(c) wild excitement
4. dilemma	(d) sitting on one’s heels

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. squatting	(d) sitting on one’s heels
2. frenzy	(c) wild excitement
3. speculating	(a) guessing
4. dilemma	(b) difficult situation

Question 9.
Find the describing words for the following from the passage:

1. fund
2. manager
3. speed

Answer:

1. emergency fund
2. harassed manager
3. top speed

Question 10.
Write one word for the following:

1. a person who deliberately causes trouble to people.
2. a person who washes clothes for other people.
3. a person who behaves extremely noisy and violent way in public.
4. a person who is in charge of the business of an organisation.

Answer:

1. a mischief-maker
2. a washerman
3. a hooligan
4. a manager

Question 11.
Find and write the infinitives with ‘to’ from the passage:
Answer:

1. to return
2. to placate
3. to go
4. to sweep
5. to take up
6. to be paid
7. to claim
8. to await
9. to get.

Question 12.
Underline the odd man:
(Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

1. washerman, mischief-maker, sweeper, counter, hooligan
2. hurtled, cried, declared, gathered, joined
3. their, our, his, they, your
4. sound, locker, new, door, broom, bicycle

Activities based on Contextual Grammar:

Question 1.
He called out to Nathu.
(Rewrite the sentence in Past Continuous Tense.)
Answer:
He was calling out to Nathu.

Question 2.
Mrs Srivastava said, “Tell him to come and see me tomorrow.” (Change into indirect speech.)
Answer:
Mrs Srivastava told (asked) him to tell him: to come and see her the next day.

Question 3.
He swept the steps.
(Begin your sentence with ‘The steps …)
Answer:
The steps were swept by him.

Question 4.
Sitaram was on his delivery round.
(Choose the correct question tag)
(a) was he?
(b) didn’t he?
(c) wasn’t he?
Answer:
Sitaram was on his delivery round, wasn’t he?

Question 5.
Mrs Bhushan went in search of her husband. He was sitting in front of Kamal Kishore’s photography shop.
(Rewrite the sentence joining it with ‘who)
Answer:
Mrs Bhushan went in search of her husband who was sitting in front of Kamal Kishore’s photography shop.

Question 6.
That summer was the hottest in the history of Pipalnagar.
(Change the sentence into Positive Degree.)
Answer:
No other summer in the history of Pipalnagar was so hot as that.

Question 7.
‘Shocking!’ (Rewrite it as an assertive sentence.)
Answer:
It was really very shocking.

Question 8.
Rewrite the following sentences joining with when/where/which/why:

Question a.
He sped across the road to the general:
merchant’s store. There was a telephone there.
Answer:
He sped across the road to the general merchant’s store where there was a telephone.

Question 9.
Mr Kishore said, “Deep Chand, have you heard the latest?” (Change into indirect speech.)
Answer:
Mr Kishore asked Deep Chand if he had heard the latest.

Question 10.
The Seth was holidaying in Kashmir. (Frame a wh-question to get the underlined word as answer.)
Answer:
Where was the Seth holidaying?

Question 11.
I must know the reason. You are late.
(Join the sentence with the word ‘why’.)
Answer:
I must know why you are late.

Question 12.
He was hiding in Pipalnagar.
(Rewrite the sentence using Simple Present Tense.)
Answer:
He hides in Pipalnagar.

Question 13.
He wasn’t sure he could persuade the crowd.
(Add a question tag.)
Answer:
He wasn’t sure he could persuade the crowd, was he?

Personal Response:

Question 1.
What qualities do you find in Sitaram?
Answer:
Sitaram was a hardworking young boy. He ‘ was always ready to help others and sympathetic towards suffering people. He felt happy to serve his customer and his friend.

Question 2.
What makes you angry? What do you do then?
OR
How do you show your annoyance?
Answer:
Somebody’s bad behaviour or arrogance makes me angry. When I get annoyed I do not react with harsh words or any violent action. I try to keep myself cool and try to bring to his/her notice, the wrong he/she is doing with me. I shall take time: and prove him/her wrong.

Question 3.
Do you think, Mr Bhushan was right to compare his wife with a bee in a flower garden? Give your reason.
Answer:
Yes, I think Mr Bhushan was absolutely right to compare his wife with a bee in flower garden. We know that bees buzz from flower to flower in gardens for collecting honey. He knew that his wife similarly used to visit many shops for selecting her clothes or only to have a look at them.

Question 4.
Why, do you think, did the elderly gentleman rush to his office for a chequebook?
Answer:
The elderly gentleman had heard the rumour about Seth Govind Ram’s Bank. He thought that the Seth had gone broke and so he must have fled to another town. I think the gentleman ran for his chequebook because he wanted to withdraw all his money from the bank before it was declared bankrupt.

Question 5.
Have you ever heard a rumour that harmed people? Elaborate it.
Answer:
Yes, I have not only heard but also have experienced such a rumour that has harmed people. We had been to a theatre to watch a movie. It was the first show of the movie. In the middle of the show a person shouted ‘Fire! Fire!’. People in the theatre left their seats in fright and ran helter- skelter to the exits for safety. Many fell and were trampled underfoot in the rush. It was an awful scene. Truth came to light that the miscreant was an agent of a producer who wanted the movie to fail.

Question 6.
How are rumours spread? Are the rumours harmful? Why?/Why not?
Answer:
The rumour-mongers talk to some people about a news, which is not true. They talk to others and it goes from one person to another and spreads like forest fire. They generally don’t think if the news is reliable or rational or false. Some rumours are harmful and some are harmless. The rumours that are spread intentionally to harm the sentiments of people are harmful. These rumours depress, disturb and cause harassment to people. The rumours that are spread just for fun are harmless but they fool people.

Do as directed:

Question 1.
Nathu raised his hands in a gesture of horror. He cried. (Join the sentences beginning with the word ‘Raising’.)
Answer:
Raising his hand in a gesture of horror Nathu cried.

Question 2.
He was determined to get his pay.
(Change the sentence into exclamatory sentence.)
Answer:
How determined he was to get his pay!

Question 3.
Give us our money.
(Change the sentence in Passive Voice.)
Answer:
Let our money be given to us.

Question 4.
So, they gathered outside.
(Write the sentence in Present Continuous Tense.)
Answer:
So, they are gathering outside.

Question 5.
Complete the words by using the correct letters:

1. r o _ n d
2. t h i _ k
3. p l _ t e
4. s t _ r e

Answer:

1. r o u n d
2. t h i n k
3. p l a t e
4. s t o r e

Question 6.
Put the words in alphabetical order:

1. shook, beggar, thousand, jeweller.
2. soon, street, seldom, speculate.

Answer:

1. beggar, jeweller, shook, thousand.
2. seldom, soon, speculate, street.

Question 7.
Punctuate the following sentences:
1. fetch the Seth, we know hes hiding in a safe deposit locker
2. Do you know my dear that Seth govind Rams bank cant even pay its employees
Answer:
1. “Fetch the Seth, we know he’s hiding in a safe deposit locker!”
2. “Do you know, my dear, that Seth Govind Ram’s bank cant even pay its employees?”

Question 8.
Write related words as shown in the example:
(Answer is directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 9.
Complete these word-chain of verbs:
tell → ………. → …………. → ………. → …………..
Answer:
tell → learn → need → dare → eat.

Do as directed:

1. Attempt any one:

Question a.
Make a meaningful sentence of your own using the phrase: to take up
Answer:
Recently he has taken up a new project in hand.
OR
Question b.
Add a clause to the following sentence to expand it meaningfully:
This is the answer – ………………..
Answer:
This is the answer that I was longing for.

2. Attempt anyone:

Question a.
Add a prefix or suffix to make new words:
1. possible
2. certain
Answer:
1. impossible
2. uncertain
OR
Question b.
Make a meaningful sentence using any one of the following words:
1. possible
2. certain
Answer:
1. It is not possible to do this work in such a short time.
2. The young boy was certain about his future career.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions Unit 1.2 The Thief’s Story Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Kumarbharati Textbook Solutions Unit 1.2 The Thief’s Story

Maharashtra Board Class 10 English Solutions Unit 1.2 Warming Up Questions and Answers

The Thief’s Story Class 10 Questions and Answers Maharashtra Board Question 1.
Read the following incident.
Lokesh had always been a class-topper in tests and examinations. However, invariably, he used foul means during exams to gain those high marks.

Once, on the day of History examination, Lokesh realized that his classmate and friend Farhan came all prepared for Maths instead of History. Farhan had become desperate. So Lokesh offered to let him copy from his answer-sheet, since Farhan sat just behind him.

Farhan refused. He said, ‘‘It’s all right even if I get a zero, but I can call it my own zero. I do not want to score a single mark, unearned. Cheating in exams is for cowards. Not me!’’

These words were a turning point in Lokesh’s life. He gave up cheating for ever. He worked hard for what he desired and never, ever used false measures to acquire anything.

(a) In the given story, which words/phrases can be replaced by the following ones?
(i) became aware …………………………
(ii) always …………………………
(iii) very upset and helpless …………………………
(iv) cheating …………………………
(v) without working for it …………………………
(vi) a sudden change …………………………
(vii) gain/achieve …………………………
Answer:
(i) became aware – realized
(ii) always – invariably
(iii) very upset and helpless – desperate
(iv) cheating – foul means
(v) without working for it – unearned
(vi) a sudden change – a turning point
(vii) gain/achieve – acquire

(b) Summarize the incident in 6 to 8 lines making Lokesh, the narrator :
Begin with : ‘I was always a class topper.
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
Answer:
I was always a class topper in tests and examinations. However, I have to accept that I invariably used false means to gain those high marks. Once, on the day of the History examination, Farhan became desperate as he had come prepared for Maths instead of History. I offered to let him copy from my answer sheet, but Farhan refused, saying that he did not want to score a single unearned mark, and that cheating was for cowards. This was the turning point in my life, and from that day I gave up cheating and learnt to work hard for whatever I wanted.

The Thief’s Story Class 10 English Workshop Questions and Answers Maharashtra Board

Question 1.
Complete the web diagram.

Answer:

The Thief’s Story English Workshop Question 2.
Insert the appropriate word/phrase given below, in the sentences that follow. ( flattery, appealing, by fits and starts, dashed to, undetected, spirits rose )

(a) I …………………………… the school gate when I heard the school-bell ring.
Answer:
I dashed to the school gate when I heard the school-bell ring.

(b) After the death of my pet dog, my …………………………… when dad got me a new pup.
Answer:
After the death of my pet dog, my spirits rose when dad got me a new pup.

(c) Do not stoop to …………………………… just to gain something from someone.
Answer:
Do not stoop to flattery just to gain: something from someone.

(d) The artist completes his paintings …………………………… .
Answer:
The artist completes his paintings by fits and starts.

(e) The crime went …………………………… for 11 years.
Answer:
The crime went undetected for 11 years.

(f) When the baby saw its mother it gave an …………………………… smile.
Answer:
When the baby saw its mother, it gave an appealing smile.

The Thief’s Story Question And Answers Pdf SSC Question 3.
(a) Find from the text the collocation for the following.
(i) ……………………… dog
(ii) ……………………… man
(iii) ticket ………………………
(iv) ……………………… slowly
(v) ……………………… drizzle
(vi) ……………………… sentences
(vii) ……………………… spirits.
Answer:
(i) stray dog
(ii) greedy man
(iii) ticket office
(iv) walked slowly
(v) light drizzle
(vi) whole sentences
(vii) spirits rose

(b) Complete the compound words from the story.
(i) oil ………………………
(ii) fifty ………………………
(iii) easy ………………………
(iv) tower ………………………
(v) moon ………………………
Answer:
(i) oil rich
(ii) fifty rupee
(iii) easy going
(iv) clock tower
(v) moon light.

(c) Pick out from the story 3 or 4 examples of Code-mixing (Indian words used in English).
Answer:
Examples of code-mixing are:

• bazaar,
• maidan,
• pajamas.

The Thief Story Class 10 Question 4.
Read the story carefully and complete the table.

Total no. of characters	Names	Age	Physical appearance	Earned money by	Qualities

Answer:

Total no. of characters	Names	Ages	Physical appearance	Earned money by	Qualities
2	Anil	25	tall, lean, with a clear, unlined face	writing for magazines; writing books	kind, simple, easy-going, pleasant, forgiving, tactful
	Hari	15	thin, with many scars on the face	stealing and cheating people	cunning, shrewd, insincere, untruthful, ambitious, grateful

The Thief Story Class 10 Solutions Question 5.
Complete the given sentences.

(a) Anil kept Hari as a cook because ………………………..
(b) Hari was grateful ………………………..
(c) Hari continued making money ………………………..
(d) Anil didn’t hand Hari over to the police ………………………..
(e) The moral of the story is ………………………..
Answer:
(a) Anil kept Hari as a cook because he wanted someone to cook for him. He perhaps also felt sorry for Hari.
(b) Hari was grateful because Anil was teaching him to read, write and add numbers, and all this would be useful to him in his life.
(c) Hari continued making money by cheating Anil while buying the day’s supplies.
(d) Anil was probably too kind-hearted to hand Hari over to the police. He might also have thought that he could try to make an honest man of Hari. If he had handed Hari over to the police, Hari would’ probably have been very bitter and angry, and would have continued in his dishonest ways.
(e) The moral of the story is that if we are good, people are good to us in return. Even thieves respect goodness and kindness.

Question 6.
Think and write in your own words, in your notebook.

(a) Why did Anil employ Hari as a cook, although he could not afford to pay him?
Answer:
Anil wanted someone to cook for him. He felt that perhaps Hari could cook for him, and in i return he could feed him, as he could not afford to pay him. Anil was also kind-hearted and probably felt / sorry for Hari.

(b) What did Hari learn from Anil in the beginning?
Answer:
In the beginning, Anil taught Hari to cook and write his name.

(c) Why didn’t Anil hand over Hari to the police? What effect would it have had on Hari?
Answer:
Anil was probably too kind-hearted to hand Hari over to the police. He might also have thought that he could try to make an honest man of Hari. If he had handed Hari over to the police, Hari would’ probably have been very bitter and angry, and would have continued in his dishonest ways. Not handing him over to the police had a positive effect on Hari, and may have changed the way he lived his life.

(d) Do you feel Anil’s way of handling a thief like Hari was effective? Justify your answer.
Answer:
Yes, Anil’s way of handling a thief like Hari was effective. Anil knew that Hari was not a hardened seasoned thief. He had realized that Hari really wished to learn to write whole sentences, get an education and become a big man. So by forgiving him and giving him the motivation to learn, he changed Hari. Handing him over to the police would have branded Hari a thief for life and the sudden reform might never have been possible.

(e) What tact had Anil used to change Hari’s dishonest ways?
Answer:
Anil had ignored Hari’s attempts at robbing him. He had then encouraged Hari by saying that they would start writing sentences, for he knew that I this was what Hari wished for wholeheartedly. Anilprovided motivation for Hari to change his ways.

(f) ‘And the smile came by itself without any effort.’ Say why. When do people give fake smiles?
Answer:
People give fake smiles when they are not happy with the situation they are in, or they realize that the other person is trying to cheat them or they want to get something.

Question 7.
Write a character sketch of ‘Hari Singh’ with the help of the following points, using the paragraph format.
Hari Singh’ s background ……………………….
His dishonesty ……………………….
His aspirations ……………………….
His courage to change himself. ……………………….
Answer:
Hari Singh was fifteen years old, but already an experienced and fairly successful thief. He used to change his name frequently so as to hoodwink his former employers and the police. He even cheated Anil when he went to buy the daily supply of groceries. However, he wished to get an education so that he could become a big and respected man, who would be able to achieve a lot.

He stole a large sum of money from Anil, but regretted it when he realized that in doing so he had lost his only chance of getting an education. He was courageous enough to return the money, even though he knew that he might be caught in the process. However, his desire to change himself is so great that it motivates him and gives him courage to return to Anil.

Question 8.
Frame ‘Wh’ questions to get the answers underlined below. (Change the first-person pronouns to the second person where necessary.)
(a) I hurried back to the room.
(b) I had made a study of men’s faces.
(c) I drew them out, without a sound.
(d) The poor man showed acceptance.
(e) I made tea in the morning.
Answer:
(a) Where did you hurry back to?
(b) What had you made?
(c) How did you draw them out?
(d) Who showed acceptance?
(e) When did you make tea?

Question 9.
Imagine that Anil catches Hari red-handed when Hari is stealing the money from under the mattress. Compose a short dialogue between the two, which reflects Anil’s shock and Hari’s repeated apologies.
Answer:
Anil: Who’s that? Hari? What are you doing?
Hari: Um..nothing; I was just seeing if your money was safe.
Anil: You mean you were trying to steal my money. You are dressed; you were planning to rob me and run away! Yes, that’s it!
Hari: I’m sorry, Anil, I’m sorry.
Anil: How can you steal from the hand that feeds you? I thought you would have improved! Don’t you want to read and write properly? Do maths?
Hari: I did not think about it. I’m sorry, really sorry.
Anil: Alright, I’ll overlook this, providing you promise I me never to steal again, from me or from anyone else.
Hari: Yes, yes, I promise. Will you really forgive me and continue to teach me?
Anil: Yes. I hope you keep your word,
Hari: Thank you. I’ll keep my word. I promise. Sorry once again.

Question 10.
Choose the correct alternatives from the given options and rewrite the sentences:
(The answers are given directly and underlined.) (appealing, casually, flattery, well-oiled)
Answer:

• I followed casually.
• Anil talked about the well-oiled wrestlers.
• I gave him my most appealing smile.
• A little flattery helps in making friends.

Question 11.
The narrator changed his name every month.
Answer:
The narrator was a thief. He changed his name every month to fool the police and his former employers.

Question 12.
Find similar meanings from the passage for the following:
(1) endearing
(2) miscalculated
(3) humbly
(4) awful
Answer:
(1) appealing
(2) misjudged
(3) modestly
(4) terrible.

Question 13.
I can’t pay you. (Rewrite making it affirmative.)
Answer:
I am unable to pay you.

Question 14.
“I want to work for you,” I said.
(Change into indirect speech.)
Answer:
I said that I wanted to work for him.

Question 15.
‘We should learn from our own mistakes.’ Explain.
Answer:
First of all, we should accept and understand that we have made a mistake. Then we should analyse and find out what went wrong. Everyone makes l mistakes, but we should learn our lesson from them,Only then will we be able to progress and become good human beings. However, learning from the mistakes of others is probably a better option.

Question 16.
Write whether the following sentences are True or False: (The answers are given directly and: underlined.)
Answer:
(1) In the beginning, Anil taught Hari to cook and write his name. – True
(2) Anil writes for magazines for a living. – True
(3) Hari liked working for Anil. – True
(4) Anil kept a small bundle of notes in a cupboard. – False

Question 17.
Describe the favors Anil did for the narrator.
Answer:
Anil took Hari to his room and told him that he could sleep on the balcony. Even though the meal that Hari cooked that night was terrible, Anil allowed him to live with him. He later taught Hari to cook and write his name. He also ignored the fact that Hari made a little money by cheating him while buying the day’s supplies.

Question 18.
What proves that the narrator still practiced deceit?
Answer:
The narrator cheated his employer Anil while buying the day’s supplies. This proves that he still practiced deceit.

Question 19.
Anil gave it to a stray dog and told me to be off.
Answer:
gave, told – simple past tense.

Question 20.
It seems he wrote for magazines – a queer way to make a living.
Answer:
seems – simple present tense; wrote – simple past tense.

Question 21.
Add a question tag:
Anil kept worrying about his next cheque.
Answer:
Anil kept worrying about his next cheque, didn’t he?

Question 22.
Anil knew he was being robbed yet he did not say anything. What would you have done in Anil’s place?
Answer:
Cheating and robbing small amounts can lead to bigger thefts. If I were Anil, the moment I knew that I was being robbed, I would have warned him. If he cheated again, I would certainly have told him to be off.

Question 23.
Explain how Hari justified his intention of < stealing the money.
Answer:
Hari thought that he was out of practice and that it was time that he stole some big amount. He also felt that it was alright to take the money for Anil ! did not pay him a salary. Hari tried to justify his act s by convincing himself that Anil, otherwise, would.havewasted that money on his friends.

Question 24.
Write the adjective forms of the following words:
(1) opportunity
(2) pleasure
(3) sleep
(4) situation
Answer:
(1) opportune
(2) pleasant
(3) sleepy/sleepless
(4) situational

Question 25.
Cross the odd man out: (The answer words are crossed out directly and explanation is given in brackets under each group.)
Answer:

1. blanket, magazine, maintain, mattress.
   (maintain is a verb; the others are nouns)
2. rob, take, search.
   (time is a noun; the others are verbs)
3. queer, small, greedy, plettspre.
   (pleasure is a noun; the others are adjectives)
4. quickly, mostly, rfipqty, peacefully
   (money is a noun; the others are adverbs)

Question 26.
He was the most trusting person I had ever met. (Rewrite using ‘never’.)
Answer:
I had never met a more trusting person than he is.

Question 27.
I had not done anything in my line of work. (Rewrite without ‘not’)
Answer:
I had yet to do something in my line of work.

Question 28.
Rewrite the following sentences by adding the correct tail tag from those given in the brackets: (does he?, didn’t he?, isn’t it?, wasn’t he?, doesn’t he?, is it?)
(1) Anil was sleeping peacefully.
(2) He doesn’t even notice he’s been robbed.
(3) It’s difficult to rob a careless man.
Answer:
(1) Anil was sleeping peacefully, wasn’t he?
(2) He doesn’t even notice he’s been robbed, does
(3) It’s difficult to rob a careless man, isn’t it?

Question 29.
What could have caused the scars on Hari’sface?
Answer:
Hari was a thief. He probably had got into fights while robbing people. He could also have been inbad company and got into fights with his companions, and someone might have injured him with a knife or any other sharp object. This could have led to scars on his face.

Question 30.
What will you do if you are robbed by ! someone you know very well? !
Answer:
If I am robbed by someone I know very well, I will firstly thrash out the matter with the thief frankly. I will then cut off my friendship with him/her and take care to keep my belongings under lock and key. I will also keep a close watch on his/her actions,

Question 31.
Choose the correct alternatives from the given options:
Answer:
(1) The Lucknow Express had picked up/not picked up speed. not picked up
(2) Hari wanted to/did not want to stay at a hotel. did not want to
(3) On discovering the theft, Anil would feel sad for the loss of his money/the loss of trust. the loss of trust
(4) Hari had never bought/always bought a ticket in his life. never bought

Question 32.
Hari believed that friends were more trouble than help.
Answer:
Hari was a thief. In his line of work, friends would probably try to borrow from him or give away his whereabouts to the police. Or perhaps they would create trouble for him to save themselves. Hence he felt that friends were more trouble.

Question 33.
When I reached the station I did not stop at the ticket office.
Answer:
(a) Compound sentence: 1 reached the station but (I) did not stop at the ticket office.
(b) Simple sentence: I did not stop at the ticket office on reaching the station/After reaching the station, I did not stop at the ticket office.

Question 34.
When the train had gone, I found myself standing alone on the deserted platform.
Answer:
(a) Compound sentence: The train had gone and I found myself standing alone on the deserted platform.
(b) Simple sentence: The train having gone, I found myself standing alone on the deserted platform.

Question 35.
What is face-reading? Can you read faces?
Answer:
Face-reading is observing the expressions and emotions on thc faces of people and Interpreting them correctly. I am observant and read faces quite well. I am trying to improve this ability.

Question 36.
Fill in the blanks with the correct options from the brackets: (The answers are given directly and underlined.)
Answer:
(1) Han felt very nervous when he returned to the room that night. (nervous/excited)
(2) Han slipped the notes under the edge of the mattress. (bed / mattress)
(3) Hail’s heart sank when he thought that his theft had been discovered. (undetected /discovered)
(4) Anil was asleep when Hart returned to the room. (awake/asleep)

Question 37.
Rearrange the sentences in the order of occurrence:
(1) He crept to the head of the bed.
(2) He slipped the notes under the mattress.
(3) He opened the door quietly.
(4) He went back to the room.
Answer:
(4) He went back to the room.
(3) He opened the door quietly.
(1) He crept to the head of the bed.
(2) He slipped the notes under the mattress.

Question 38.
Describe Hari’s regrets as he pondered over his theft.
Answer:
As he pondered over his theft, Hari regretted ! that henceforth he could not cook Anil’s meals, runto the bazaar or learn to write whole sentences any S more. He regretted that he would not become a big! man, clever and respected.

Question 39.
Does Anil realize that he has been robbed?
Answer:
Yes, Anil realises that he has been robbed.

Question 40.
‘And the smile came by itself without any effort.’ Say why.
OR
Explain why Hari gave a genuine appeal! smile.
Answer:
Hari regretted what he had done. He went; back to Anil in order to get an education. He realised that Anil knew about the theft. He was relieved and happy that Anil had decided to ignore what had happened and to teach him to write whole sentences.

Anil’s response brought forth a change of heart in – Hari. So, instead of his usual affected smile, a genuine appealing smile came upon Hari’s face.

Question 41.
What tact had Anil used to change Hari’s dishonest ways?

Question 42.
Rewrite using the modal auxiliary ‘might’.
He would probably have given me two or three rupees to go to the cinema.
Answer:
He might have given me two or three rupees to go to the cinema.

Question 43.
Whole sentences, I knew, could one day bring me more than a few hundred rupees.
Answer:
Whole sentences, I knew, might one day bring me more than a few hundred rupees.

Question 44.
Why didn’t Anil hand Hari over to the police? What effect would it have on Hari?
Answer:
Anil was probably too kind-hearted to hand Hari over to the police. He might also have thought that he could try to make an honest man of Hari. If he had handed Hari over to the police, Hari would’ probably have been very bitter and angry, and would have continued in his dishonest ways. Not handing him over to the police had a positive effect on Hari, and may have changed the way he lived his life.

Question 45.
Do you feel Anil’s way of handling a thief like Hari was effective? Justify your answer.
Answer:
Yes, Anil’s way of handling a thief like Hari was effective. Anil knew that Hari was not a hardened seasoned thief. He had realized that Hari really wished to learn to write whole sentences, get an education and become a big man. So by forgiving him and giving him the motivation to learn, he changed Hari. Handing him over to the police would have branded Hari a thief for life and the sudden reform might never have been possible.

Question 46.
Punctuate: I asked can you feed me
Answer:

• There was a touch of sadness in the face of the beautiful woman.
• My hand found the edge of the mattress.
• publisher – publish, brush, (blush, plush, slurp).
• I wanted to get a good book from the library.
• Interrogative sentence.
• present participle-robbing; past participle- robbed.
• I asked, “Can you feed me?”

Question 47.
Do as directed (Medium Level Activities):
(1) Use the following word and its homophone in two separate sentences: knew
(2) I took a new name every month. (Change the voice beginning A new …)
(3) Anil talked about the well-oiled wrestlers. (Rewrite using the past progressive tense of the verb.)
(4) “Well,” I said modestly, “I do wrestle a bit.” (Rewrite in reported speech.)
Answer:
(1) (i) The boy knew the poem very well,
(ii) The jacket was new and expensive.
(2) A new name was taken by me every month.
(3) Anil was talking about the well-oiled wrestlers.
(4) I modestly said that I did wrestle a bit.

Question 48.
Do as directed (Challenging Activities):
(1) Use the following word as a verb and a noun in two separate sentences: cook
(2) Analyse the sentence:
I was still a thief when I met Anil.
Answer:
(1) (i) We cook fresh meals daily at home. (verb)
(ii) The new cook resigned from his job after just two days, (noun)

(2) Complex Sentence:
I was still a thief – Main Clause ; when
I met Anil – adverb clause of time.

Question 49.
Prepare a short character sketch of Anil.
Answer:
Anil was a kind, simple and easy-going young man. He was tall and lean in stature and interested in sports like wrestling. He was not very rich, and could not afford to employ Hari as a cook. He had the patience and goodness to not only teach Hari to cook but also to read, write and add numbers. Though he knew that Hari was making a profit out of the grocery purchase, he ignored this fact.

Anil was a writer who wrote for magazines and made money in fits and starts. He was a very trusting person. Even when he earned a large amount of money, he kept the money under his mattress and not under lock and key. He was generous and paid Hari when he got some money, even though he knew that Hari had tried to steal the money from him. He was forgiving, for he forgave Hari the theft and continued to be good to him.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Marathi Solutions Aksharbharati Chapter 13 हिरवंगार झाडासारखं Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Marathi Aksharbharati Solutions Chapter 13 हिरवंगार झाडासारखं

Marathi Aksharbharati Std 10 Digest Chapter 13 हिरवंगार झाडासारखं Textbook Questions and Answers

(१) चौकटी पूर्ण करा.
(अ) कवीने झाडाला दिलेली उपमा
(आ) पानझडीनंतरचे, नवी वस्त्रे धारण करणारे झाड म्हणजे
(इ) कवीच्या मते उत्साही आयुष्य म्हणजे
(ई) अलगद उतरणारे थेंब
उत्तरः
(उ) फुटते शरीरभर पालवी याचा अर्थ
(अ) कवीने झाडाला दिलेली उपमा – ध्यानस्थ ऋषी
(आ) पानझडीनंतरचे, नवी वस्त्रे धारण करणारे झाड म्हणजे – नवी नवरी
(इ) कवीच्या मते उत्साही आयुष्य म्हणजे – फुलासारखं टवटवीत
(ई) अलगद उतरणारे थेंब – दव।
(उ) फुटते शरीरभर पालवी याचा अर्थ – नवउत्साह

(२) आकृती पूर्ण करा.

उत्तरः

(३) एका वाक्यात उत्तरे लिहा.
(अ) झाडाच्या जीवनाचं गाणं कशात दडलेलं असतं?

(आ) झाडाच्या मुळावर घाव घातल्यावर त्याची प्रतिक्रिया काय असते?
उत्तरः
ते घाव झाड मुकाट्याने सहन करते.

(४) ‘पानझडीनंतर’ हे उत्तर येईल असा प्रश्न तयार करा.
उत्तर:
झाड नवीन वस्त्र केव्हां धारण करते?

(५) खालील ओळींचा तुम्हांला कळलेला अर्थ लिहा.

(अ) हसावं कसं सळसळत्या पानासारखं.
उत्तरः
झाडांच्या पानांची हवेने होणारी सळसळ विलक्षण असते.

सर्व दुःखे बाजूला ठेवून पानांच्या सळसळीसारखे हसले पाहिजे अशी कवीची भावना आहे. सळसळणारी पाने एकत्र असतात. त्याचप्रमाणे इतरांनाही हसण्यात सामील करून घेता आले पाहिजे. आनंदी जीवन जगण्यासाठी हे गुण अंगी बाणवावेत असा कवीने सुंदर संदेश दिला आहे. सळसळणारी पाने हवेमुळे, पक्ष्यांच्या मंजुळ गाण्यामुळे उत्साही असतात. असेच उत्साहाने, आनंदाने जीवनात हसत रहावे, प्रफुल्लित रहावे अशी कवीची भावना आहे.

(आ) जगावं कसं तर? हिरवंगार झाडासारखं.
उत्तर:
हिरवंगार झाडासारखं’ या कवितेत कवी ‘जॉर्ज लोपीस’ यांनी मानवाचे जीवन झाडाशी किती सुसंगत आहे याचे उत्तम दर्शन घडवले आहे. झाडाचे अनेक गुण जीवनात आचरण्यासारखे आहेत, हा उपयुक्त संदेश त्यांनी कवितेतून दिला आहे. जीवनात ‘मौन’ अनेकवेळा उपयुक्त असते. झाडही ऋषीसारखे मौन धरून तपश्चर्या करीत असते. ‘मौन’ धरून तपश्चर्या करणे हा झाडाचा गुण उपयुक्त ठरतो. झाड पक्ष्यांना आसरा देते, पण त्यांच्याकडून कोणतीही अपेक्षा ठेवीत नाही. मानवाने विना अपेक्षेने दुसऱ्यांना सहकार्य केले पाहिजे. झाडासारखे दातृत्व अंगी बाणले पाहिजे. झाड कितीही संकटे, वादळे आली तरी घट्ट पाय रोवून उभे असते. माणसानेही कठीण प्रसंगी न घाबरता घट्टपणे उभे राहून संकटांशी सामना केला पाहिजे. झाडाचा हिरवेगारपणा, प्रफुल्लितपणा, ताजेपणा बघून आयुष्यात प्रफुल्लित राहिले पाहिजे. नकारात्मकतेची मरगळ झटकून हिरवेगार झाडासारखे ताजेतवाने जगावे असे कवी म्हणतो. मुळावर घाव घातला तरी झाडाची सहनशीलता ढळत नाही. सहनशीलता हा गुण झाडाकडून घ्यावा. हिरव्यागार झाडासारखे अनेक गुणांना आत्मसात करून जगावे असा संदेश कवी देत आहे.

(६) काव्यसौंदर्य.

(अ) खालील ओळींचे रसग्रहण करा.
‘झाडांच्या पानावरून वहीच्या पानावर अलगद उतरतात दवांचे टपोरे थेंब’

(आ) ‘झाडाचे मानवी जीवनातील स्थान’, याविषयी तुमचे विचार लिहा.
उत्तरः
झाडांचे मानवी जीवनातील स्थान अतुलनीय आहे. संपूर्ण पर्यावरण झाडांवर अवलंबून आहे. निसर्गाचे संतुलन राखण्यात झाडे अग्रेसर आहेत. झाडांमुळे फळे, फुले, औषधे तर मिळतांतच; पण थकलेल्या जीवाला सावली मिळते. झाडांमुळे पाऊस पडतो. झाडे मानवी जीवनातील ‘श्वास’ च आहेत. त्यावाचून आपले जीवन जगणे अशक्य आहे.

(इ) ‘झाडापासून आनंदी जगणे शिकावे’, या विधानातील विचार स्पष्ट करा.
उत्तरः
झाड कोणत्याही परिस्थितीत घट्ट पाय रोवून उभे असते. वाऱ्याच्या झुळूकीबरोबर पानांच्या सळसळाटीने हसते. पक्ष्यांच्या मंजुळ गाण्याबरोबर जीवनाचे गाणे गाते. आपल्या विशाल सावलीत मुसाफिरांना कवेत घेते. पावसाळ्यात हिरवेगार ताजेतवाने होऊन न्हाऊन निघते. पानझडीनंतर नव्या नवरीसारखा नवीन वेष धारण करते. दातृत्व हा झाडाचा मोठाच गुण आहे. फळे, फुले बहरली की झाडे ती दुसऱ्यांच्या पदरात दान करते. संपूर्ण आयुष्य हिरवगार होऊन जगते. अशाच प्रकारे माणसानेही सहनशीलता, सहकार्याची वृत्ती, कठीण प्रसंगातही घट्ट पाय रोवून ठेवण्याची वृत्ती जोपासली तर त्याचेही जीवन आनंदाने भरून जाईल.

Marathi Akshar Bharati Class 10 Textbook Solutions Chapter 13 हिरवंगार झाडासारखं Additional Important Questions and Answers

प्रश्न १.खालील कवितेच्या आधारे दिलेल्या सूचनेनुसार कृती करा,
कृती १: आकलन कृती

(१) आकृतिबंध पूर्ण करा.

(iii) चौकटी पूर्ण करा.

(२) खालील प्रश्नांची उत्तरे एका वाक्यात लिहा.
(i) झाड कोणासारखे बसते? उत्तरः झाड ध्यानस्थ ऋषीसारखे बसते.
(ii) झाड कोणाचे आहे? उत्तरः झाड पक्ष्यांचे आहे.
(iii) झाडांच्या जीवनाचे एक संथ गाणे कोठे दडले आहे?
उत्तरः
पक्ष्यांच्या मंजुळ नादात झाडांच्या जीवनाचे एक संथ गाणे दडले आहे.

(iv) झाडाच्या मुळावर घाव घातला तर झाड काय करते?
उत्तरः
झाडाच्या मुळावर घाव घातला तर झाड मुकाट सहन करते.

(३) कंसातील योग्य शब्द वापरून रिकाम्या जागा भरा.
(i) …………………………… झाडांचे कुणीच नसतात तरीही झाड त्याचं असतं. (प्राणी, माणसे, पक्षी, किटक)
(ii) झाडाकडे टक लावून पाहिलं तर …………………………… विरघळतो हिरवा रंग. (शरीरभर, जमिनीवर, पाण्यात, आकाशात)
(iii) पक्ष्यांच्या …………………………… नादात झाडाचंही जीवनाचं एक संथ गाणे दडलेले असते. (मधूर, गोड, मंजुळ, सुरेल)
उत्तर:
(i) पक्षी
(ii) शरीरभर
(iii) मंजुळ.

कृती २ : आकलन कृती

(१) उत्तरे लिहा.
(i) मुळावरचे घाव मुकाट सहन करते – [झाड]
(ii) वहीच्या पानावर अलगद उतरतात – [दवाचे थेंब]
(iii) सरसावलेले असतात – [झाडाचे बाहू]

(२) ‘पालवी’ उत्तर येईल असा प्रश्न तयार करा.
उत्तरः
शरीरभर काय फुटते?

(३) आकृतिबंध पूर्ण करा.

(४) सहसंबंध लिहा.
(i) शरीरभर विरघळतो : हिरवा रंग : : क्षणभर रक्त : …………………………. .
(ii) हसावं कसं : सळसळत्या पानासारखं : : जगावं कसं तर? …………………………. .
उत्तर:
(i) हिरवेगार
(ii) हिरवंगार झाडासारखं

(५) काव्यपंक्तींचा योग्य क्रम लावा.
(i) हसावं कसं सळसळत्या पानासारखं
(ii) शरीरभर विरघळतो हिरवा रंग
(iii) झाडांच्या पानावरून वहीच्या पानावर अलगद उतरतात दवांचे टपोरे थेंब
(iv) रोजचं चिंतन करावं कसं तर झाडासारखं!
उत्तर:
(i) झाडांच्या पानावरून वहीच्या पानावर अलगद उतरतात दवांचे टपोरे थेंब
(ii) शरीरभर विरघळतो हिरवा रंग
(iii) हसावं कसं सळसळत्या पानासारखं
(iv) रोजचं चिंतन करावं कसं तर झाडासारखं!

(६) चूक की बरोबर ते लिहा.
(i) रक्त होते क्षणभर लालेलाल
(ii) जगावं कसं तर? हिरवंगार झाडासारखं
उत्तर:
(i) चूक
(ii) बरोबर

कृती ३: कवितेतील शब्दांचा अर्थ

(१) खालील कवितेतील शब्दांचा अर्थ लिहा.
(i) मुसाफिर
(ii) आयुष्य
(iii) खुडणे
(iv) टवटवीत
उत्तर:
(i) प्रवासी
(ii) जीवन
(iii) तोडणे
(iv) ताजे

कृती ४: काव्यसौंदर्य

(१) पुढील ओळींचे अर्थसौंदर्य स्पष्ट करा.
(i) ‘झाडाचे बाहु सरसावलेले असतात मुसाफिरांना कवेत घेण्यासाठी’
उत्तरः
झाडाची सहकार्याची वृत्ती विलक्षण असते. परोपकाराची भावना त्यांच्या मनात सतत जागी असते. आपल्या सर्वदूर पसरलेल्या फांद्यांमुळे झाड कडक उन्हात वाटसरूंना गारेगार सावली देते त्यांचा थकवा दूर करतं. जणू आपले बाहू पसरवून हे झाड मुसाफिरांना म्हणजे वाटसरूंना आपल्या कवेत घेते, असे वाटते.

(ii) ‘पक्षी झाडांचे कुणीच नसतात तरीही झाड त्यांचं असतं
उत्तरः
पक्षी झाडांवर सतत येत असतात. घरटे बांधून राहतात.

काम झाले की, फळे चाखून, खाऊन पुन्हा दुसरीकडे उडून जातात. झाड त्यांना निवारा देते, अन्न देते. ऊन-पावसापासून रक्षण करते, पण जेव्हा झाडावर घाव घातले जातात, ते कापले जाते तेव्हां पक्षी स्वत:चाच विचार करून झाडावरून उडून जातात. परंतु, झाड मात्र हिरवेगार असताना येणाऱ्या पक्ष्यांना कधीही अडवत नाही, आश्रय नाकारत नाही. म्हणूनच पक्षी झाडांचे कुणीही नसून झाड त्यांचे असते असे कवी म्हणतात. पुढील काव्यपंक्तीतील तुम्हांला समजलेला विचार तुमच्या भाषेत स्पष्ट करा.

‘झाड बसते ध्यानस्थ ऋषिसारखं मौन व्रत धारण करून, तपश्चर्या करत……….
उत्तर:
झाड अचल असते. ते काहीही न बोलता एका ठिकाणी अढळ उभे असते. ऋषीमुनी जसे तपश्चर्येला ध्यान लावून बसतात. त्याचप्रमाणे झाडही मौन व्रतात उभे असते. बाह्य गोष्टींच्या सर्व परिणामांना ते बिना तक्रार सहन करत असते. पक्षी येतात जातात, झाडांच्या मुळांवरही कधी घाव बसतो. पानझड होते तरी झाड स्थिर व सहनशील असते. कठीण प्रसंगातही पाय
घट्ट रोवून ध्यानस्थ ऋषिसारखे शांत असते.

(५) झाडासारखे घट्ट पाय रोवण्यासाठी माणसाने काय काय करावे स्पष्ट करा.
उत्तरः
घट्ट पाय रोवून उभे राहणे हा झाडाचा गुण आहे. माणसानेही कोणत्याही परिस्थितीला न घाबरता सामोरे जावे. संकटांशी सामना करावा, झाडांसारखी सहनशीलता शिकावी. झाड आपल्या मुळांवर घाव बसला तरी मुकाट्याने सहन करते. आयुष्यात किती ही संकटे आली तरी सहन करून त्यातून मार्ग काढता येणे गरजेचे आहे. नव्या उमेदीने पुन्हा नव्या पालवीसारखे प्रफुल्लीत राहायला शिकावे. झाडासारखे चिंतन करावे. झाडासारखे घट्ट पाय रोवून जीवनात मुरावे.

प्रश्न २. दिलेल्या मुद्यांच्या आधारे कवितेसंबंधी पुढील कृती सोडवाः

(१) प्रस्तुत कवितेचे कवी/कवयित्री:
जॉर्ज लोपीस

(२) प्रस्तुत कवितेचा विषयः
आनंदी जीवन जगण्यासाठी माणसाने झाडाचे सर्व गुण आपल्या अंगी बाणवावेत असा विचार मांडला आहे.

(३) प्रस्तुत कवितेतील दिलेल्या ओळींचा सरळ अर्थ: मुळावर घाव घातला तरी झाड मुकाट सहन करते झाडांच्या पानावरून वहीच्या पानावर अलगद उतरतात दवांचे टपोरे थेंब झाड छाया देते, निवारा देते, फळे-फुले सर्व काही इतरांना देते. परोपकार हा त्याचा गुणधर्मच आहे. निर्दयी मानव जेव्हा आपल्या फायद्यासाठी या झाडाच्या मुळावर घाव घालतो तेव्हा देखील झाड बिनतक्रार ते सहन करते. झाडांची कत्तल होत असताना झाडाच्या पानांवरील दवबिंदू घरंगळत जणू वहीतील शब्दांमध्ये डोकावतात व आपली करुण कहाणी शब्दांकीत करतात याचाच अर्थ असा की, झाडांपासून कागद, वह्या बनविल्या जातात आणि मग अशा वहिच्या पानावर कोणीतरी कवी, लेखक झाडाचे दुःख नेमक्या शब्दांत लिहून काढतो. जणू झाडाच्या शरीरावर बसलेल्या घावाचे रूपांतर दवांच्या टपोऱ्या थेंबात होते असे कवीला वाटते. कवीने झाडाचा सहनशील हा गुण येथे दर्शविला आहे.

(४) प्रस्तुत कवितेतून मिळणारा संदेशः
“हिरवंगार झाडासारखं’ या कवितेत झाडांची सहनशीलता, दातृत्व, सहकार्याची वृत्ती, कठीण प्रसंगातही घट्ट पाय रोवून उभे राहण्याची वृत्ती याचे वर्णन केले आहे. आनंदी जीवन जगण्यासाठी झाडांसारखे हिरवेगार, ताजे प्रफुल्लित राहावे असा संदेश दिला आहे. झाड ‘मौनव्रत’ धारण करून तपश्चर्या करते. ते निरपेक्षपणे दुसऱ्यांना सहकार्य करते. त्याच्याकडे दातृत्वाचा गुण असल्यामुळे आपल्याकडची फुले, फळे सर्वकाही ते इतरांना देते. संकटांशी सामना करते. नकारात्मकतेची मरगळ झटकून हिरवेगार ताजेतवाने राहते. मुळावर घाव घातला तरी त्याचा सहनशीलता हा गुण ढळत नाही. पानगळीने झाड खचत नाही तर वसंतऋतू येताच ते पुन्हा बहरते. नव्या नवरीसारखे सजते. त्यामुळेच हिरव्यागार झाडासारखे अनेक गुणांना आत्मसात करून आपण आनंदाने जगावे, असा संदेश या कवितेतून मिळतो.

(५) प्रस्तुत कविता आवडण्याचे वा न आवडण्याचे कारणः
कवी जॉर्ज लोपीस यांची ‘हिरवंगार झाडासारखं’ ही कविता खूप आवडली आहे. त्याचे मुख्य कारण म्हणजे ‘जीवन जगण्याची कला शिकवणारे झाड’ हा या कवितेचा गाभा आहे. झाडांचे मानवी जीवनातील स्थान अतुलनीय आहे. झाडे हा मानवी जीवनाचा ‘श्वास’च आहेत. जॉर्ज लोपीस यांनी प्रत्येक ओळीत झाडाचा जगण्याशी संबंध जोडला आहे. झाडे आनंदी जीवनाचा आदर्शच आपल्यासमोर ठेवतात. कवितेत ठिकठिकाणी उदाहरणे देऊन कवीने ते मांडले आहे. कवितेतील प्रत्येक ओळीतून झाडाविषयी आपुलकीची, कृतज्ञतेची भावना मनात निर्माण होते. मनातील नैराश्य दूर करणारी व आशावादाची ज्योत पेटवणारी मन हिरवंगार करणारी ही कविता खरोखरच मनापर्यंत पोहोचते.

प्रस्तुत कवितेतील खालील शब्दांचा अर्थः
(i) झाड – वृक्ष
(ii) ऋषी – साधू, मुनी
(iii) व्रत – वसा
(iv) पक्षी – खग, विहंग

स्वाध्याय कृती

(३) खालील प्रश्नांची उत्तरे एका वाक्यात लिहा.
(i) झाडाच्या जीवनाचे गाणे कशात दडलेले आहे?
उत्तरः
झाडाच्या जीवनाचे गाणे पक्ष्यांच्या मंजुळ नादात दडले आहे.

काव्यसौंदर्य

(i) झाडाचे मानवी जीवनातील महत्त्वाचे स्थान या विधानाचा तुम्हाला कळलेला अर्थ स्पष्ट करा.
उत्तरः
झाडांचे मानवी जीवनातील स्थान अतुलनीय आहे. संपूर्ण पर्यावरण झाडांवर अवलंबून आहे. निसर्गाचे संतुलन राखण्यात झाडे अग्रेसर आहेत. झाडांमुळे फळे, फुले, औषधे तर मिळतांतच; पण थकलेल्या जीवाला सावली मिळते. झाडांमुळे पाऊस पडतो. झाडे मानवी जीवनातील ‘श्वास’ च आहेत. त्यावाचून आपले जीवन जगणे अशक्य आहे.

(ii) झाडापासून आनंदी जीवन जगणे शिकावे या विधानातील विचार स्पष्ट करा.
उत्तरः
झाड कोणत्याही परिस्थितीत घट्ट पाय रोवून उभे असते. वाऱ्याच्या झुळूकीबरोबर पानांच्या सळसळाटीने हसते. पक्ष्यांच्या मंजुळ गाण्याबरोबर जीवनाचे गाणे गाते. आपल्या विशाल सावलीत मुसाफिरांना कवेत घेते. पावसाळ्यात हिरवेगार ताजेतवाने होऊन न्हाऊन निघते. पानझडीनंतर नव्या नवरीसारखा नवीन वेष धारण करते. दातृत्व हा झाडाचा मोठाच गुण आहे. फळे, फुले बहरली की झाडे ती दुसऱ्यांच्या पदरात दान करते. संपूर्ण आयुष्य हिरवगार होऊन जगते. अशाच प्रकारे माणसानेही सहनशीलता, सहकार्याची वृत्ती, कठीण प्रसंगातही घट्ट पाय रोवून ठेवण्याची वृत्ती जोपासली तर त्याचेही जीवन आनंदाने भरून जाईल.

हिरवंगार झाडासारखं Summary in Marathi

हिरवंगार झाडासारखं काव्यपरिचय

‘हिरवंगार झाडासारखं’ ही कविता कवी ‘जॉर्ज लोपीस’ यांनी लिहिली आहे. या कवितेमध्ये झाडांची सहनशीलता, दातृत्व, सहकार्याची वृत्ती, कठीण प्रसंगातही घट्ट पाय रोवून उभे राहण्याची वृत्ती याचे वर्णन केले आहे. तसेच आनंदी जीवन जगण्यासाठी झाडांसारखे हिरवेगार ताजे, प्रफुल्लित राहावे असा संदेश दिला आहे.

हिरवंगार झाडासारखं Summary in English

This poem is written by George Lopis. In it, he speaks, at length, about the traits of a tree its patience, generosity, cooperation and resoluteness in difficult situations. Always be happy and evergreen like a tree. This is the message in this poem.

हिरवंगार झाडासारखं भावार्थ

झाड बसते ध्यानस्थ ऋषिसारखं मौन व्रत
धारण करून तपश्चर्या करत …

आनंदी जीवन जगण्यासाठी आपण झाडाचा आदर्श घ्यावा, असे कवी ‘जॉर्ज लोपीस’ आपल्याला पटवून देत आहेत. ते म्हणतात की, झाड अचल असते. ते एका ठिकाणी काहीही न बोलता अढळ उभे असते. ऋषीमुनी जसे तपश्चर्येला ध्यान लावून बसतात. त्याचप्रमाणे झाड देखील मौन व्रतात उभे असते. बाह्य गोष्टींच्या सर्व परिणामांना ते बिनतक्रार सहन करत असते. पक्षी येतात-जातात, झाडांच्या मुळांवरही कधी कधी घाव बसतात. पानझड होते तरी झाड स्थिर व सहनशील असते. कठीण प्रसंगातही पाय घट्ट रोवून ध्यानस्थ ऋषिसारखे शांत असते. आपणही तोच मार्ग अनुसरला पाहिजे.

पक्षी झाडांचे कुणीच नसतात
तरीही झाड त्यांचं असतं

पक्षी झाडांवर सतत येत असतात. घरटे बांधून राहतात. काम झाले की, फळे चाखून, खाऊन पुन्हा दुसरीकडे उडून जातात. झाड त्यांना निवारा देते, अन्न देते. ऊन-पावसापासून रक्षण करते; पण जेव्हा झाडावर घाव घातले जातात, ते कापले जाते तेव्हां पक्षी स्वत:चाच विचार करून झाडावरून उडून जातात. परंतु, झाड मात्र हिरवेगार असताना येणाऱ्या पक्ष्यांना कधीही अडवत नाही, आश्रय नाकारत नाही. म्हणूनच पक्षी झाडांचे कुणीही नसून झाड त्यांचे असते, असे कवी म्हणतात.

मुळावर घाव घातला तरी झाड मुकाट सहन करते
झाडांच्या पानावरून वहीच्या पानावर
अलगद उतरतात दवांचे टपोरे थेंब

झाडाचे कुणीच नसते, पण झाड मात्र सर्वांचे असते. झाड छाया देते, निवारा देते, फळे-फुले सर्व काही इतरांना देते. परोपकार हा त्याचा गुणधर्मच आहे. निर्दयी मानव जेव्हा आपल्या फायद्यासाठी या झाडाच्या मुळावर घाव घालतो तेव्हा देखील झाड बिनतक्रार ते सहन करते. झाडांची कत्तल होत असताना झाडाच्या पानांवरील दवबिंदू घरंगळत जणू वहीतील शब्दांमध्ये डोकावतात व आपली करुण कहाणी शब्दांकीत करतात याचाच अर्थ असा की, झाडांपासून कागद, वह्या बनविल्या जातात आणि मग अशा वहीच्या पानावर कोणीतरी कवी, लेखक झाडाचे दु:ख नेमक्या शब्दांत लिहून काढतो. जणू झाडाच्या शरीरावर बसलेल्या घावाचे रूपांतर दवांच्या टपोऱ्या थेंबात होते असे कवीला वाटते. कवीने झाडाचा सहनशील हा गुण येथे दर्शविला आहे.

झाडाकडे टक लावून पाहिलं तर
शरीरभर विरघळतो हिरवा रंग
रक्त होते क्षणभर हिरवेगार

आयुष्य होतं नुकत्याच खुडलेल्या फुलासारखं टवटवीत कोणतेही झाड असो ते प्रेरणादायी असते. आयुष्य होतं नुकत्याच खुडलेल्या फुलासारखं टवटवीत. पाना-फुलांनी बहरलेल्या हिरव्यागार झाडाकडे टक लावून पाहिले असता, झाडाची सहनशीलता, दुसऱ्यांना मदत करण्याची वृत्ती, त्याचे दातृत्व, कठीण प्रसंगातही घट्ट पाय रोवून उभे राहण्याची वृत्ती हे सारे गुण आपल्याला जाणवतात. तसेच कठोर क्षणी सुद्धा हे झाड आपला हिरवागार ताजेपणा कधी सोडत नाही, हे जाणून आपल्याला आनंद होतो. आपणही त्याच्यासारखे गुण स्वीकारावे असे वाटू लागते. जणू त्याचा हिरवा रंग आपल्या शरीरभर विरघळतो. तसेच क्षणभर आपले लाल रक्तही हिरवेगार झाल्यासारखे वाटते. म्हणजेच झाडांकडे पहिल्यावर त्यांच्यातला उत्साह आपल्यामध्ये भिनतो आणि आपले आयुष्य नुकत्याच खुडलेल्या फुलासारखे ताजे, टवटवीत होऊन जाते.

झाडाचे बाहु सरसावलेले असतात मुसाफिराना कवेत घेण्यासाठी

झाडाची सहकार्याची वृत्ती विलक्षण असते. परोपकाराची भावना त्यांच्या मनात सतत जागी असते. आपल्या सर्वदूर पसरलेल्या फांदयांमुळे झाड कडक उन्हात वाटसरूंना सावली देते त्यांचा थकवा दूर करते. जणू आपले बाहू पसरवून हे झाड मुसाफिरांना म्हणजे वाटसरूंना आपल्या कवेत घेते, असे वाटते.

पानझडीनंतर झाड पुन्हा नवीन वस्त्र धारण करतं
नव्या नवरीसारखं
झाडाला पालवी फुटल्यावर फुटते शरीरभर पालवी
अन झटकली जाते मरगळ

ऋतूनुसार झाडाच्या अवस्था बदलत जातात. पानझडीत म्हणजेच थंडीत, शिशिर ऋतूत झाडाची सगळी पाने गळून जातात. झाड पूर्ण रिकामे होते. तेव्हा ते एकटे असते तरी ते पुन्हा बहरते. वसंत ऋतूत झाडाला पुन्हा पालवी फुटते. कोवळी हिरवीगार पाने संपूर्ण झाडावर डोलायला लागतात. नव्या नवरीसारखे सजून झाड पुन्हा तजेलदार दिसू लागते. झाडाची ही प्रफुल्लितता पाहून, आपले मन शरीराचा सारा थकवा तसेच आलेली मरगळ झटकून टाकते. जणू आपल्या मनालाच नव्हे तर संपूर्ण शरीराला उत्साहाची पालवी फुटल्यासारखे वाटते.

पक्ष्यांच्या मंजुळ नादात झाडाचंही जीवनाचं
एक संथ गाणे दडलेले असते

कोणतेही झाड असो ते आपल्याच मस्तीत, धुंदीत जगत असते. बाहेरची परिस्थिती कशीही असो ते कधी तक्रार करत नाही. थंडी, ऊन, वारा, पाऊस यांचा सामना हसतमुखाने करत ते मौजेने जगत असते. त्याच्या आश्रयाला येणाऱ्या प्रत्येक प्राणी-पक्ष्यांना ते आनंदच देत असते. झाडावर बसणारे पक्षी आनंदाने झोके घेत मंजुळ गाणी गात असतात, किलबिलाट करत असतात. जणू त्या गाण्याचा आनंद घेत घेत हे झाड आपले जीवन मजेने, उत्साहाने जगत असते.

हसावं कसं सळसळत्या पानासारखं
मुळावं मुरावं कसं तर? झाडासारखं घट्ट पाय रोवीत
जगावं कसं तर? हिरवंगार झाडासारखं
रोजचं चिंतन करावं कसं तर झाडासारखं!

माणसाने झाडाकडून जगण्याच्या कला शिकून घेतल्या पाहिजेत, असे कवी म्हणतात. कोणतेही झाड असो ते वाऱ्याच्या झुळुकीबरोबर पानांच्या सळसळीने हसते. पक्ष्यांच्या मंजुळ गाण्याबरोबर जीवनाचे गाणे गाते, त्याचप्रमाणे आपणही सळसळत्या पानासारखं हसलं पाहिजे. झाड कोणत्याही परिस्थितीत घट्ट पाय रोवून उभे असते. त्याचप्रमाणे आपणही घट्ट पाय रोवून खंबीरपणे जीवनात मुरलं पाहिजे. तसेच येणाऱ्या संकटांचा खंबीरपणे सामना केला पाहिजे. पानगळ झाली तरी झाड खचून जात नाही. वसंतऋतू येताच कोवळी हिरवीगार पाने झाडाच्या अंगावर डोलू लागतात. जणू नव्या नवरीसारखे ते झाड सजते. त्याचप्रमाणे आयुष्यात कितीही संकटे आली तरी त्याचा सामना करून त्यातून मार्ग काढता आला पाहिजे. नव्या उमेदीने हिरव्यागार झाडासारखे प्रफुल्लित राहून जगले पाहिजे. शिवाय झाडासारखे रोजचे चिंतन करत आनंदी जीवन जगले पाहिजे,

हिरवंगार झाडासारखं शब्दार्थ

• ध्यानस्थ – चिंतनात मग्न – (absorbed in meditation)
• मौन – नि:शब्द – (state of being quiet silence)
• व्रत – स्वत:ला लावून – oath
  घेतलेला विशिष्ट
  धार्मिक नियम,
  नेम.
• धारण करणे – आचरणे – to apply
• अलगद – हळूवारपणे – softly
• विरघळणे – मिसळून जाणे – dissolve
• खुडणे – तोडणे – to pluck
• मुसाफिर – यात्री – traveller
• कवेत – मिठीत – to embrace
• पानझड – पानगळ – fall
• मरगळ – थकवा – fatigue
• नाद – आवाज – sound
• मंजुळ – गोड – sweet voice
• संथ – हळू – slow
• सळसळ – पानांचा आवाज – rustling
• मुरणे – अंगात भिनणे – absorb
• चिंतन – मनन – meditation

हिरवंगार झाडासारखं वाक्प्रचार

• मुळावर घाव घालणे – नष्ट करणे.
• मुकाट सहन करणे – बिनतक्रार स्वीकारणे.
• पाय रोवणे – तळ जमवणे, पकडून ठेवणे
• मुक्काम ठोकणे
• टक लावून पाहणे – एक सारखे बघणे; निरखणे.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 3.1 If … Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 3.1 If ….

My English Coursebook Standard Ten Guide Chapter 3.1 If … Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up:
Chit-chat:

Form groups and chat.

Question 1.
How do you react when your parents scold you?
Answer:
My parents do not scold me without any rhyme or reason. If they scold me, it should be my mistake. Whenever they get angry and scold me, I try to keep mum so that they cool down. I also accept my mistake frankly if that is the only reason of their scolding.

Question 2.
How do you feel when someone insults you?
Answer:
When someone insults me, I try to find out the reason why he/she behaves like that. If there is a mistake from my side I try to avoid the same mistake again. I never get angry even if someone insults me for my petty mistake.

Question 3.
How would you react when you are cheated by your friend?
Answer:
I am quite sure that any of my friend wouldn’t dare to cheat me. But if it happens I would try to make him/her realize whatever he/she has done is very wrong. And whatever he/she has done is not good for him/her too.

Question 4.
Why is it wrong to make a difference among friends who belong to a different class, colour or community?
Answer:
We are friendly with those who are good at soul and mind. When our behaviour and mind match with each other, we become friends. I personally feel that friendship is not built on the basis of caste, colour or community. It develops on the basis of how we understand one another.

1. Complete the table by providing suitable responses to the given actions:

Question 1.
Complete the table by providing suitable responses to the given actions:
(Answers are directly given.)

Answer:

Action	Response
1. You are punished by the teacher without any reason.	I shall not lose my temper but I shall talk to the teacher afterwards to clear the doubt.
2. Your friends spread rumour about you.	I shall try to keep myself cool and confident and try to find out the reason.
3. Someone doubts you.	I shall try to clear his/her doubts about me personally.
4. Your relative blames you for something.	I shall try to find out the reason and I shall convince him/her not to blame me un­necessarily.
5. Someone hurts you.	I shall try to keep away from such people but I shall definitely introspect.

2. Complete the sentences meaningfully and share them with the class:

Question 2.
Complete the sentences meaningfully and share them with the class:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)

1. If you read books, you will gain knowledge.
2. If you do exercise daily, ………………………… .
3. If ……………………… , you will pass the exam.
4. If ……………………….., …………………………….. .
5. ……………………………, If …………………………… .

Answer:

1. If you read books, you will gain knowledge.
2. If you do exercise daily, you will become healthy.
3. If you work hard, you will pass the exam.
4. If you respect others, others will respect you.
5. We should accept the truth, if we know it very well.

3. Classify the following into weaknesses and strengths:

Question 1.
Classify the following into weaknesses and strengths:
fear, confidence, clarity, confusion, worry, courage, cowardice, compassion, bravery, hesitation, punctuality, laziness, anger, faith, patience, ambition, generous, impatient, cheerful, tolerant, arrogant, aggressive.

Answer:

Weaknesses	Strengths
fear, confusion, worry, cowardice, hesitation, laziness, anger, impatience, arrogant, aggressive	confidence, clarity, courage, compassion, bravery, punctuality, faith, patience, generous, cheerful, tolerant, ambition

English Workshop:

1. Read the following bits of advice and state whether you Agree or Disagree with them:

Question 1.
Read the following bits of advice and state whether you Agree or Disagree with them:

Answer:

Advice	Answer
1. Get angry when others commit mistakes.	Disagree
2. Run away from troubles.	Disagree
3. Get angry when others blame us	Disagree
4. Reconstruct something we have built with care even if it has been broken by others.	Agree

2. Pick out and enlist the positive and negative qualities in respective columns from the extract:

Question 2.
Pick out and enlist the positive and negative qualities in respective columns from the extract:
(Answers are directly given)

Answer:

Positive qualities	Negative qualities
keep your head	lose your head
1. trust yourself	1. doubt others.
2. be truthful	2. deal in lies.
3. be smart	3. give way to hating.

3. Why do the lines in the poem begin with, ‘If you can …?’ What effect does this have?

Question 1.
Why do the lines in the poem begin with, ‘If you can …?’ What effect does this have?
Answer:
The lines in the poem begin with ‘If you can… ’ because the poet insistently wants to emphasise the importance of his good advice and attract his son’s attention to every piece of advice given by him. The repetition of the lines has a musical effect.

4. Look at the use of opposite reactions in the Poem.

Question 1.
Look at the use of opposite reactions in the Poem.
For example, “If you can keep your head when all about you are losing theirs”. Find four other such opposite reactions from the extract.
Answer:

1. or being lied about, don’t deal in lies.
2. or being hated, don’t give way to hating.
3. you can think and not make thoughts your aim.
4. you can trust yourself when all men doubt you.

5. Complete the following:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)

Question (a)
Say WHAT …………….
are the two imposters ? …………………….. .
can the unforgiving minute be made up of? …………………….. .
Answer:
Say WHAT …………….
are the two imposters ? Triumph and Disaster.
can the unforgiving minute be made up of? sixty seconds, worth of distance run.

Question (b)
Say WHO …………….
should you trust, when doubted? …………………….. .
can you talk with and walk with? ……………………… .
Answer:
Say WHO …………….
should you trust, when doubted? oneself.
can you talk with and walk with? crowd and kings.

Question (c)
Say WHEN ……………..
can the Earth become yours? …………………….. .
should you start re-building with old tools? …………………….. .
Answer:
Say WHEN ……………..
can the Earth become yours? when we can make good use of every single minute.
should you start re-building with old tools? when we watch things created by us being broken up.

Question (d)
Say WHY ………….
do knaves twist the truth? …………………….. .
should you consider all men equally important? …………………….. .
Answer:
Say WHY ………….
do knaves twist the truth? to make trap for fools.
should you consider all men equally important? because neither foe nor friend can hurt us.

6. What should be our attitude towards the people of different strata and classes?

Question 1.
What should be our attitude towards the people of different strata and classes?
Answer:
Our attitude towards the people of different strata and classes should be positive and fair. We should treat all of them equally. We should not discriminate them on the ground of race, gender, class or religion. We may keep company with the rich but at the same time you should connect with the common man and the poor. Whatever their place in the society intermingle with them wholeheartedly. We should make efforts to integrate with all of them.

7. What, according to Rudyard Kipling, is the highest quality that makes a man a true human being?

Question 1.
What, according to Rudyard Kipling, is the highest quality that makes a man a true human being?
Answer:
According to Rudyard Kipling, treating all people equally without any discrimination makes a man a true human being.

8. Identify the figures of speech used in the following lines : (Choose from the brackets.)

Question 1.
Identify the figures of speech used in the following lines : (Choose from the brackets.)
(Simile/Repetition/Antithesis/Personification/ Metaphor/Alliteration/Apostrophe)
Answer:

1. “If you can keep your head when all about you are losing theirs” – Antithesis
2. “If you can meet with Triumph and Disaster and treat those two imposters just the same” – personification
3. “And yet don’t look too good, nor talk too wise” – Repitition
4. With worn-out tools – Alliteration

9. Write a letter to your parents, thanking them for advising you; when you were in a confused state of mind. Cover up the following points in the body of the letter:

Question 1.
Write a letter to your parents, thanking them for advising you; when you were in a confused state of mind. Cover up the following points in the body of the letter:

• Your problem and confusion.
• The advice of your parents.
• How you followed their advice.
• How the problem got solved.
• Your deep gratitude to them.

Answer:
Prathamesh Purandare,
10, K.B.P. Boy’s Hostel,
Satara – 415 001.
23rd Nov., 2020.
Dear Aai and Baba,

I am extremely happy to write this letter and thank both of you for your good advice. Actually when I joined the hostel, I was not willing to stay here any longer. I couldn’t adjust to the environment and even with the boys here. But in Diwali vacation you both convinced me and told me, how to mingle with the boys here and even how to get accustomed to the conditions here, so now I am quite sure that I would live here happily. Whatever advice you have given, is definitely good for me.

When I came back here, the whole scenario of the hostel and my preconceptions about the hostel life got totally changed. Why I don’t know, but now I am very much happy to live here and intermingle with my hostel mates. If you had not advised me on this issue, I would have left the hostel long before. And my whole academic year would have gone wasted. Thank you very much for making me realize the importance of education and adjustment in the life. Thank you once again for whatever you have done for me. Convey my regards to Grandma and love to little Preksha. Waiting for your next letter as early as possible.

Your loving son,
Prathamesh

10. Draft a speech to be given during the farewell for Standard X on the topic Changes, I would like in the School Education of our State.

Question 1.
Draft a speech to be given during the farewell for Standard X on the topic Changes, I would like in the School Education of our State.

• Greeting and salutation
• Self introduction and introduction of the topic
• A catchy thought/episode/news etc. to start with
• 2 to 3 changes that you suggest with their reason
• Conclusion
• Thank you/greeting

Answer:
“Changes, I would like in School Education of our State ”

Honourable Chairperson, respected Headmaster and teachers.

I, Nikita Desai from Std. X-A wishing you a very pleasant morning. I am here to express my views on behalf of all my classmates and to bid farewell to our school, teachers and all of you.

After spending almost 10-12 years in this school, we are now capable to keep our steps out in a very different world. And I am sure being the students of this school; we would never fall short anywhere and in any field. I know the Chief Guest of today’s programme is the Education Minister of our state. So I take this opportunity to suggest some changes in the school education of our state.

The first and very important thing I would recommend is about the option. There should be internal option to each and every subject. The child should be free to opt whatever he or she likes. Teaching and learning process should not be monotonous. It should be interesting. Every child should take part in this process. Teacher should not be an authoritarian.

One more thing, I would suggest about the examination. Examination should not be mandatory. Even upgradation of a child should be based on his / her internal performance. Written examination should not be given the whole credit. There should not be a burden of homework. It should be done at school.

I know, it is quite difficult to implement everything all of a sudden. But if you go step-by-step, it is quite a feasible suggestion. I know education in Maharashtra is better than other states. But if we make these changes, teaching and learning will be more enjoyable. I hope you will try to understand the views of every child.

Wishing my friends all the best for their examination and for their bright future life. Thank you for listening to me carefully and attentively.

Jai Hind.

Project:

Question 1.
Rudyard Kipling’s work is known to all of us. Write at least five poems of Kipling in your ; notebook and submit it to your teacher. You f can take help of your school library or search for these poems on the internet.

Question 2.
Rudyard Kipling’s book, entitled ‘The Jungle Book’ is famous world wide. Its theme and setting of the story attracts the readers from the beginning. Write a book review of Kipling’s book ‘The Jungle Book’ in 100 to 150words.

Language Study:

1. Look at the following sentences:

Question 1.
Look at the following sentences:
1. If I practise hard, I shall win the game.
2. If you buy a new car, it will cost you a lot of money.
Each of those sentences has two clauses – main clause and subordinate clause.

Here, the subordinate clause indicates ‘possibility’ or ‘likelihood’. The tense of a subordinate clause depends on the main clause.

Complete the following sentences:

Question 1.
Complete the following sentences:
(Answers are directly given and underline.)
a. If I like it, ………………………….. .
b. If it rains, ………………………….. .
c. If ………………………….., you would catch the train.
d. If she had obeyed her parents, ………………………….. .
Answer:
a. If I like it, I will buy it at any cost.
b. If it rains, I will remain at home.
c. If you came on time, you would catch the train.
d. If she had obeyed her parents, she would have saved her life.

2. Pick out lines that contain the following figures of speech.

Question (a)
Antithesis (Opposite ideas): ………………………………………… .
……………………………………………………………………………….. .
Answer:
Antithesis (Opposite ideas): If you can trust yourself when all men doubt you.

Question (b)
Personification: …………………………………………………………. .
……………………………………………………………………………….. .
Answer:
Personification: If you can meet with Triumph and Disaster….

Question (c)
Repetition: ………………………………………………………………. .
……………………………………………………………………………….. .
Answer:
Repetition: If you can dream and not make dreams your master.

Question (d)
Metaphor: ………………………………………………………………… .
……………………………………………………………………………….. .
Answer:
Metaphor: And stoop and rebuilt them up with worn-out tools.

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 3.1 If … Additional Important Questions and Answers

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Complete the following sentences:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. When the people around us doubt us, we should trust ourselves.
2. We can dream but we should not be slave to our dreams.
3. We can bear to hear the truth spoken by dishonest people.
4. When all people around us are unable to act in sensible way, we should keep our head cool.

Question 2.
Read the following bits of advice and state whether you Agree or Disagree with them:
Answer:

Advice	Answer
1. Keep friendship with all classes of people.	Agree
2. Hate the rich people and help the poor.	Disagree
3. We should treat everyone equally.	Agree
4. If we use every minute for the sake of good, we will be a real ‘human being’.	Agree

Question 3.
Complete the following sentences:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. We should not lose the common touch even while walking with the kings.
2. If we treat everyone equally, neither foes nor loving friends can hurt us.
3. The speaker in this poem is ‘the father’.
4. The poem is addressed to ‘the son’.

Complex Factual Activities:

Find the line/lines from the extract as a proof for the following explanations:

Question 1.
If you watch the things created by you are being broken, you can build them up by using worn out tools.
Answer:
or watch the things you gave your life to broken, And stoop and build’em up with worn-out tools :

Question 2.
You should treat both Triumph and Disaster in the same way as they treat you.
Answer:
If you can meet with Triumph and Disaster. And treat those two imposters just the same;

Question 3.
How should you react when someone lies about you and hates you?
Answer:
If someone lies about me, I will not tell such lies to others about him/her. And if someone hates me I will not allow myself to be controlled by his / her hatred and I would not appear to be perfect or show off my knowledge.

Question 4.
What does the poet call people who twist the truth to suit them?
Answer:
The poet calls “knaves” to the people who twist the truth to suit them.

Question 5.
Match the following idiomatic expressions in column ‘A’ with meaning in column ’B’:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. lose the common touch	(a) keep one’s goodness or morals under any condition
2. unforgiving minute	(b) refuse to interact with common people
3. keep one’s virtue	(c) to be a good, perfect human being
4. to be a man	(d) time that does not wait for anyone

Answer:

1. lose the common touch – refuse to interact with common people
2. unforgiving minute – time that does not wait for anyone
3. keep one’s virtue – keep one’s goodness or morals under any condition
4. to be a man – to be a good, perfect human being

Question 6.
Pick out and enlist the positive and negative qualities in respective columns from the extract: (Answers are directly given.)
Answer:

Positive qualities	Negative qualities
1. walk with the kings	lose the connect with common man
2. treat all people equally	differentiate people unfairly

Activities based on Poetic Devices:

Question 1.
Write down all musical pairs from the extract and add your own rhyming word for each of them.
Answer:

Musical pairs	Added rhyming word
you  – too	two
waiting – hating	rating
lies – wise	prize
master – disaster	monster
aim – same	claim
spoken – broken	grown
fools – tools	wools

Question 2.
Name the figures of speech:
Answer:
1. If neither foes nor loving friends can hurt you. – Antithesis
2. Yours is the Earth and everything that’s in it. – Tautology

Question 3.
Find and write the rhyming pairs from the extract and add your own rhyming word for each of them
Answer:

Rhyming pairs	Added rhyming word
1. virtue – you	too
2. touch – much	such
3. minute- it	wit
4. run – son	fun

Appreciation of Poem:

1. Title: The title of the poem is ‘If’.
2. Poet: The poet of this poem is Rudyard Kipling.
3. Rhyme scheme: The rhyme scheme for the ; first stanza is ‘aaaa’. All the other five stanzas have the rhyme scheme ‘abab’.
4. Figure of speech (Any 1): Antithesis, Tautology, Personification anaphora.
5. Theme / Central Idea: The central idea of the poem is certain valuable pieces of advice ; imparted by a father to his son.

Several of the lines in the poem begin with the conjunction ‘if’. ; (The very title of the poem is ‘If’.) The theme j running through the poem is that ‘if the son ; fulfils certain conditions, he can be rest assured of certain favourable results’. Both the conditions and the results have a direct bearing upon the lives of all young people.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 4.1 The World is Mine Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 4.1 The World is Mine

My English Coursebook Standard Ten Guide Chapter 4.1 The World is Mine Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up:
Chit-chat

1. Form groups and discuss the following turn by turn:

Question (a)
What do you often, complain to your parents/eiders about?
Answer:
We often complain to our parents/elders about the things that we don’t have.

Question (b)
Name some of the things, you have in your possession, which your younger brother/sister does not have.
Answer:
I have my mobile, bank account, sports shoes but my younger brother does not have them.

Question (c)
Name one thing that, at present, you are craving to possess, most of all.
Answer:
At present, I am craving most of all, to possess my own laptop.

Question (d)
Read the translated Arabic proverb given below and discuss what it means to convey –
‘I complained that I had no shoes, until I met a man who had no feet’.
Answer:
The translated Arabic proverb means to convey that I am unhappy because I haven’t got shoes but when I saw a man who had no feet, I felt very happy that God has gifted me with feet.

2. Read the poem below and fill in the gaps choosing the appropriate words given in the brackets, to make it meaningful. Also suggest a title of your own:

Question 1.
Read the poem below and fill in the gaps choosing the appropriate words given in the brackets, to make it meaningful. Also suggest a title of your own: (hours/fall/flowers/at all/ birthday /years/tears/ shadows)
– Count your garden by the …………….
Never by the lea ves that …………….
Count your days by golden …………..
Don remember clouds ………………

– Count your nights by stars, not ……………
Count your life with smiles, not ……………
And with joy. on evely ……………
Count your age by friends not …………..
Answer:
Title: Think positive Be happy!
Count your garden by the flowers
Never by the leaves that fall
Count your days by golden hours
Don’t remember clouds at all

Count your nights by stars, not shadows
Count your life with smiles, not tears
And with joy, on every birthday
Count your age by friends not years.

3. Fill in the table on your own:

Question 1.
Fill in the table on your own:

Answer:

What makes me extremely happy?	What makes me extremely sad?
1. If someone praises me.	1. If I do not get things that I like.
2. When I get gift from others.	2. If someone blames me unnecessarily.
3. Going for outing/ picnic.	3. When my parents or teachers shout at me.
4. When I go out for shopping.	4. When someone dear to me dies.

4. Make the world a happy place by changing negative things into positive ones.

Question 1.
Make the world a happy place by changing negative things into positive ones.

Answer:

Sad world	Happy world
1. hatred	1. love
2. injustice	2. justice
3. poverty	3. richness
4. intolerance	4. tolerance
5. selfishness	5. unselfishness/selflessness
6. fear	6. confidence/fearlessness
7. jealousy	7. admiration/appreciations
8. enmity	8. friendship
9. differences	9. unity
10. unrest	10. peace
11. dirt	11. purity/cleanliness
12. sorrow	12. happiness/joy

English Workshop:
(Based on full Poem)

1. Complete the following, after reading the poem.

Question 1.
Complete the following, after reading the poem.
(a) The poet saw a lovely girl hobble down ………….. .
(b) The poet wanted to buy from the lad …………… .
(c) The poet told the boy to join others to play but he couldn’t …………… .
(d) The poet requests …………… to forgive him.
Answer:
The poet met a lovely girl on a bus.
The poet wanted to buy from the lad some sweets.
The poet told the boy to join the others to play but he couldn’t hear.
The poet requests God to forgive him.

2. Match the following.

Question 1.
Match the following.

Answer:
(a) A beautiful girl……. – had one leg and used a crutch.
(b) The lad who was selling candies……….. – was blind
(c) The child who was watching the others play…. – could not hear the poet.
(d) The poet says that the world is mine because…. – by the grace of God he can experience this beautiful Torld

3. What does the poet mean when she says ‘The world is mine?’ Explain the importance of the title with reference to the poem.

Question 1.
What does the poet mean when she says ‘The world is mine?’ Explain the importance of the title with reference to the poem.
…………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………..
Answer:
The poet means to say that we must count our blessings and be grateful for the good things in our life rather than complaining about the things which we think we lack. By the end of every stanza the poet says that she is grateful to God for giving her everything in the world she wants in life. So the title of the poem is appropriate with reference to the poem. It gives the gist of the poem, ‘Contentment is happiness’.

4. Answer in your own words:

Question (a)
What is the theme of the poem?
Answer:
The Central Idea of the poem is that you must count your blessings (=to be grateful for the good things in your life) rather than complain about the things which you think, you lack. When you are thankful to God for all the good things you are endowed with, then the world and its joys are yours. Then you cherish the things which you often take for granted and find no reason for complaining.

Question (b)
Do you think people with some handicap should beg for money? Justify your response.
Answer:
People with some handicap should not beg for money because God gifts them something extraordinary with which they can earn their bread and butter. Working even in hard conditions is better than begging. The handicapped can utilize some of their gifted qualities for living normal life, not very different from the rest.

Question (c)
What is better?
(i) To completely take over the work and responsibility of a disabled person in order to help
(OR)
(ii) Encourage such a person to do it himself/ herself in a different way. Justify your choice.
Answer:
It is better that we should encourage a disabled person to do something in his/her life. Besides his/her handicap, God blesses him/her with extraordinary power with which he/she can work and earn money and respect in their lives. To completely take over the responsibility of a disabled  person in order to help will make him/her dependent all his/her life and he/she will live helpless and ; disgraceful life throughout.

5. Make a list of pairs of rhyming words from the extract.

Question (a)
Make a list of pairs of rhyming words from the extract.
For example, whine – mine, …………., …………….
Answer:

1. hair – fair
2. charm – harm
3. kind – blind.

Question (b)
The Rhyme scheme of the first two stanzas is ………….
Answer:
1. aabcc (first stanza)
2. abbccdd (second stanza)

6. Pick out from the poem lines which contain the following figures of speech:

Question 1.
Pick out from the poem lines which contain the following figures of speech:
(a) Inversion ………………………………………….
Answer:
Today, upon a bus, I saw a very beautiful girl.
The correct order of the sentence would be
I saw a very beautiful girl upon a bus today.

(b) Interrogation ………………………………………
Answer:
I stopped a moment, then I said, “Why don’t you join the others dear? ”.

(c) Onomatopoeia ………………………………………
Answer:
O’ God, forgive me when I whine.

(d) Apostrophe ……………………………………………
Answer:
O God, forgive me when I whine.

7. Pick out 4 lines that contain imagery:

Question 1.
Pick out 4 lines that contain imagery:
(a) ………………………………………..
(b) ………………………………………..
(c) ………………………………………..
(d) ………………………………………..
Answer:
(a) I saw lovely girl with silken hair. I saw her hobble down the aisle.
(b) I saw a child with eyes of blue.
(c) With eyes to see the sunset’s glow.
(d) With ears to hear what I would know.

8. Among your classmates, one is lame, the second one can’t hear properly and the third one can’t see this beautiful world. All of them are facing lots of difficulties in life. Compose a dialogue among them, about the problems and difficulties faced by them. You ; can take help of the following dialogue to expand your ideas:

Question 1.
Among your classmates, one is lame, the second one can’t hear properly and the third one can’t see this beautiful world. All of them are facing lots of difficulties in life. Compose a dialogue among them, about the problems and difficulties faced by them. You ; can take help of the following dialogue to expand your ideas:
Student 1: Do you know, how many problems I have to face when I decide to go anywhere?
Student 2: I can’t hear anything.
Student 3: So, sad! You both can’t walk or hear but my problem is more serious than yours. You know, I can’t see this beautiful world. (Now continue in your notebook.)
Answer:
Title: Helping each other wins through your problems

1. Raj: Do you know, how many problems I (a lame) have to face when I decide to go anywhere?
2. Sanju: Yes, I can understand but at least you (a deaf) can hear, I can’t hear anything.
3. Amit: So, sad! You both can’t walk or hear (a blind) but my problem is more serious than yours. You know, I can’t see this beautiful world.
4. Sanju: No dear, I can’t hear but I can walk.
5. Raj: But I can’t walk like you. But I can I hear and speak.
6. Amit: See, all of us lack something in our life. If we come together, we will be of great help to each other.
7. Raj: You are absolutely right. If Sanju and you take me on your back I will describe this beautiful world to you.
8. Sanju: You are right, my dear. I am strong enough to carry you but how can I hear what you say?
9. Amit: Don’t be disappointed. Raj can speak and see this beautiful world. I am good at using of my hands and facial emotions. Don’t worry, you can understand what we mean to say by our expressions and gestures.
10. Raj: That’s good. If we help each other, we can understand what our teachers teach and our friends say.
11. Sanju: I can see and I am strong enough to face difficulties in our life. If you are ready to become my ‘ears’ I will definitely help you.
12. Amit: Of course. You both are my two eyes and I can see this beautiful world through your eyes.
13. Raj: Thanks both of you for being my two legs. Now I think we will not face any difficulty in our life, if we come together and live together.
14. Sanju: Absolutely right! Let’s come together and Amit and make our life easy, enjoyable, smooth, secure and favourable.

9. Develop/Complete the story in your own words and try to end it with a related moral/proverb. Suggest a title:

Question 1.
A polio victim and a strong, but visually challenged man, were friends. They wished to go to pay homage at a place of worship, three kilometres away. Now, continue the story and try to end it with a related moral/proverb.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Answer:
You scratch my back, I’ll scratch yours A polio victim and a strong, but visually challenged man, were friends. They wished to go to pay homage at a place of worship, three kilometres away. After walking some distance Mohan, who was a polio victim couldn’t walk further. So he requested his friend Yeshudas to wait for him under a shade of a tree.

Yeshudas, the visually challenged man was very strong and kind. He told his friend, f “If you are really tired, I will take you on my back and if you show me the way, we will reach the place ! of worship on time. Mohan agreed and said to Yeshudas, “That’s a good idea. I will show you the way and whenever you get tired I will walk a little. Don’t worry! I will not be a burden throughout the journey.” “Good, but my dear friend, I wouldn’t mind to carry you on my back till we reach our destination.”

In this way, they decided to help each other. Yeshudas lifted his friend Mohan on his back and showed him the way. With the help of each other both of them could reach the Shiva temple on time and paid homage to lord Shiva. They proved that “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”

Where there is a will, there is a way
Help each other and win what you wish.

10. Recite/Read your favourite or any English poem before the class. Take help of the following points while reciting the poem:

Question 1.
Recite/Read your favourite or any English poem before the class. Take help of the following points while reciting the poem:
(a) Confidence and fluency
(b) Appropriate pronunciation and intonation
(c) Take proper pauses/stresses
(d) Proper voice and tone
(e) Pay attention to the music and rhythm of words and lines.

11. Translate into your medium of instructions:

Question (a)
A disabled person is needed in society, so that normal people can realize their blessings.
Answer:
सर्वसामान्य लोकांना त्यांना मिळालेल्या वरदानांची जाणीव व्हावी, याकरिता समाजात दिव्यांग (विकलांग) व्यक्ती असण्याची गरज असते.

Question (b)
A true friend ignores your weaknesses, corrects you and encourages you to make full use of your strengths.
Answer:
खरा मित्र तुमच्या उणिवांकडे (कमतरतांकडे) दुर्लक्ष करतो, तुमच्या चुका दुरुस्त करतो आणि तुमच्या क्षमतांचा पुरेपूर उपयोग करण्याकरिता उत्तेजन देतो.

Question (c)
One cannot change everything that one faces; but nothing can be changed unless one faces it.
Answer:
एखादयाला धैर्याने तोंड दयावी लागणारी प्रत्येक गोष्ट बदलता येणे शक्य नसते, परंतु धैर्याने सामोरे गेल्याशिवाय कोणालाही कोणतीच गोष्ट बदलणे शक्य नसते.

12. Write a letter to your father requesting him to attend the social and cultural gathering of your school. Take help of the points given below.

Question 1.
Write a letter to your father requesting him to attend the social and cultural gathering of your school.
Take help of the points given below.
(a) Social and cultural gathering a mega event.
(b) Varieties of activities conducted in the gathering.
(c) Your participation in two or three activities.
(d) Need to boost your confidence.
Answer:
Sameer Sane,
Blue Star Boys’ Hostel,
Panchgani,
Dist – Satara.
26th Dec., 2020

Dear father,
I was quiet happy to read your second letter in a week. I am happy to write this letter to invite you for our social and cultural gathering. You know it is a mega event of our school and we always eagerly wait for it.

This year being the Golden Jubilee Year of our school, it is going to be a great event. So we are allowed to invite our parents. There will be varieties of activities performed in it. I am participating in a solo dance, a skit and a group dance. You know I always like to do something different. Our school really provides a good opportunity through our Annual Gathering. We always try to bring some social issues through cultural activities, so this time we are focusing on the theme, “Save the girl child”. Hope you will appreciate it.

The gathering will be held on 3rd January from 7 ’o clock to ll’o clock in the evening. So I request you to attend it with mother and be a part of my happiness. Everything is going well and good here. Don’t worry about my studies. How is granny now? Convey my regards to mom, granny and Sawant aunty, our neighbour.

I am eagerly waiting for your arrival on the day of gathering. And please call me on mobile so that I can confirm the seats for both of you.

Your loving son,
Sameer Sane

13. Project:

Question 1.
Divide the class into groups and conduct a poster-making competition for an Eye/Blood Donation Camp. Fix up the details of the above camp, like time, place etc.:
(Note : Students should do this project on their own and present it before the class.)

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 4.1 The World is Mine Additional Important Questions and Answers

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
State whether you Agree or Disagree with the following statements:
Answer:

1. The poet saw a lovely girl in a train. – Disagree
2. A beautiful girl had one leg and used a crutch. – Agree
3. The lad who was selling sweet was very sad. – Disagree
4. The poet was very kind with the lad who was selling sweet. – Agree

Question 2.
Complete the following sentences by using an appropriate word from the poem:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
1. The girl was lovely, gay and fair.
2. The lad thanked the poet for his kindness.

Question 3.
Complete the following sentences:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:
1. The boy was watching the others play.
2. While walking down the street, the poet saw a boy with blue eyes.

Question 4.
State whether the following statements are True or False:
Answer:

1. The poet told the lad to join others to play. – True
2. The poet could not hear the boy. – False
3. The poet requests the boy to forgive him. – False
4. The poet is very lucky by the grace of God. – True
5. The boy was watching the circus – False
6. The boy whom the poet met could not hear. – True
7. The writer didn’t pay any attention to the boy. – False
8. The eyes of the boy were red – False

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Match the information in column ‘A’ with column ‘B’:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. The poet saw a lovely girl…. 2. The lad who was selling sweets….	1. was calm and had a charm on his face. 2. had one leg and used a crutch.

Answer:
1. The poet saw a lovely girl………… – on a bus.
2. The lad who was selling sweets ……….. – was calm and had a charm on his face.

Question 2.
Describe the young girl in the bus.
Answer:
The young girl in the bus was very beautiful and happy. She was also very fair. She had lovely silken hair. But unfortunately she was walking with a limp.

Question 3.
What did the speaker in the poem not realize while chatting with the young lad?
Answer:
When the speaker in the poem was chatting with the young lad he didn’t realize that the young lad was blind.

Question 4.
Complete the following web:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 5.
Match the following.
Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. When the boy looked ahead without a word, the poet realized that….	(a) by the grace of God he can experience this beautiful world.
2. The poet requests God to…..	(b) he was deaf.

Answer:
1. When the boy looked ahead without a word, the poet realized that…. – he was deaf.
2. The poet requests God to – forgive him.

Question 6.
Why did the blue-eyed boy not join the others in their game?
Answer:
The blue-eyed boy did not join the others in their game because he could not hear as he was deaf.

Question 7.
What does the speaker thank God for?
Answer:
After meeting some disabled people, the speaker realised that even though these people lacked something in their life, they were happy. He thanks God because he is blessed with everything to live a happy life so he realises that there is nothing in the world for him to complain.

Activities based on Poetic Devices:

Question 1.
Write down rhyming pairs from the extract.
Answer:
Rhyming pairs

1. blue – do
2. dear – hear
3. whine – mine
4. glow – know

Appreciation of poem:

1. Title: The title of the poem is ‘The world is mine’.
2. Poet: The poem is written by Joy Lovelet Crawford.
3. Rhyme scheme : Rhyming scheme of the 1st and last stanza is same aabcc, second stanza
   abbccdd, 3rd stanza aabbcc, 4th stanza aabcc.
4. Figure of Speech (Any 1): Apostrophe, Inversion
5. Theme / Central Idea : The Central Idea of the poem is that you must count your blessings (=to be grateful for the good things in your life) rather than complain about the things which you think, you lack.

When you are thankful to God for all the good things you are endowed with, then the world and its joys are yours. Then you cherish the things which you often take for granted and find no reason for complaining.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Maths Solutions covers the Practice Set 1.3 Geometry 10th Class Maths Part 2 Answers Solutions Chapter 1 Similarity.

Practice Set 1.3 Geometry 10th Std Maths Part 2 Answers Chapter 1 Similarity

Practice Set 1.3 Question 1.
In the adjoining figure, ∠ABC = 75°, ∠EDC = 75°. State which two triangles are similar and by which test? Also write the similarity of these two triangles by a proper one to one correspondence.

Solution:
In ∆ABC and ∆EDC,
∠ABC ≅ ∠EDC [Each angle is of measure 75°]
∠ACB ≅ ∠ECD [Common angle]
∴ ∆ABC ~ ∆EDC [AA test of similarity]
One to one correspondence is
ABC ↔ EDC

Similarity Class 10 Practice Set 1.3 Question 2.
Are the triangles in the adjoining figure similar? If yes, by which test?

Solution:
In ∆PQR and ∆LMN,
\(\frac { PQ }{ LM } \) = \(\frac { 6 }{ 3 } \) = \(\frac { 2 }{ 1 } \) (i)
\(\frac { QR }{ MN } \) = \(\frac { 8 }{ 4 } \) = \(\frac { 2 }{ 1 } \) (ii)
\(\frac { PR }{ LN } \) = \(\frac { 10 }{ 5 } \) = \(\frac { 2 }{ 1 } \) (iii)
∴ \(\frac { PQ }{ LM } \) = \(\frac { QR }{ MN } \) = \(\frac { PR }{ LN } \) [From (i), (ii) and (iii)]
∴ ∆PQR – ∆LMN [SSS test of similarity]

Similarity Practice Set 1.3 Question 3.
As shown in the adjoining figure, two poles of height 8 m and 4 m are perpendicular to the ground. If the length of shadow of smaller pole due to sunlight is 6 m, then how long will be the shadow of the bigger pole at the same time?

Solution:
Here, AC and PR represents the bigger and smaller poles, and BC and QR represents their shadows respectively.
Now, ∆ACB – ∆PRQ [ ∵ Vertical poles and their shadows form similar figures]
∴ \(\frac { CB }{ RQ } \) = \(\frac { AC }{ PR } \) [Corresponding sides of similar triangles]
∴ \(\frac { x }{ 6 } \) = \(\frac { 8 }{ 4 } \)
∴ \(x=\frac{8 \times 6}{4}\)
∴ x = 12 m
∴ The shadow of the bigger pole will be 12 metres long at that time.

Practice Set 1.3 Geometry 10th Maharashtra Board Question 4.
In ∆ABC, AP ⊥ BC, BQ ⊥ AC, B – P – C, A – Q – C, then prove that ∆CPA – ∆CQB. If AP = 7, BQ = 8, BC = 12, then find AC.

Solution:
In ∆CPA and ∆CQB,
∠CPA ≅ ∠CQB [Each angle is of measure 90°]
∠ACP ≅ ∠BCQ [Common angle]
∴ ∆CPA ~ ∆CQB [AA test of similarity]
∴\(\frac { AC }{ BC } \) = \(\frac { AP }{ BQ } \) [Corresponding sides of similar triangles]
∴ \(\frac { AC }{ 12 } \) = \(\frac { 7 }{ 8 } \)
∴ AC = \(x=\frac{12 \times 7}{8}\)
∴ AC = 10.5 Units

10th Geometry Practice Set 1.3 Question 5.
Given: In trapezium PQRS, side PQ || side SR, AR = 5 AP, AS = 5 AQ, then prove that SR = 5 PQ.

Solution:
side PQ || side SR [Given]
and seg SQ is their transversal.
∴ ∠QSR = ∠SQP [Altemate angles]
∴ ∠ASR = ∠AQP (i) [Q – A – S]
In ∆ASR and ∆AQP,
∠ASR = ∠AQP [From (i)]
∠SAR ≅ ∠QAP [Vertically opposite angles]
∆ASR ~ ∆AQP [AA test of similarity]
∴ \(\frac { AS }{ AQ } \) = \(\frac { SR }{ PQ } \) (ii) [Corresponding sides of similar triangles]
But, AS = 5 AQ [Given]
∴ \(\frac { AS }{ AQ } \) = \(\frac { 5 }{ 1 } \) (iii)
∴ \(\frac { SR }{ PQ } \) = \(\frac { 5 }{ 1 } \) [From (ii) and (iii)]
∴ SR = 5 PQ

Practice Set 1.3 Geometry 10th Question 6.
Id trapezium ABCD (adjoining figure), side AB || side DC, diagonals AC and BD intersect in point O. If AB = 20, DC = 6, OB = 15, then find OD.

Solution:
side AB || side DC [Given]
and seg BD is their transversal.
∴ ∠DBA ≅ ∠BDC [Alternate angles]
∴ ∠OBA ≅ ∠ODC (i) [D – O – B]
In ∆OBA and ∆ODC
∠OBA ≅ ∠ODC [From (i)]
∠BOA ≅ ∠DOC [Vertically opposite angles]
∴ ∆OBA ~ ∆ODC [AA test of similarity]
∴ \(\frac { OB }{ OD } \) = \(\frac { AB }{ DC } \) [Corresponding sides of similar triangles]
∴ \(\frac { 15 }{ OD } \) = \(\frac { 20 }{ 6 } \)
∴ OD = \(x=\frac{15 \times 6}{20}\)
∴ OD = 4.5 units

Class 10 Geometry Practice Set 1.3 Question 7.
꠸ ABCD is a parallelogram. Point E is on side BC. Line DE intersects ray AB in point T. Prove that DE × BE = CE × TE.

Solution:
Proof:
꠸ ABCD is a parallelogram. [Given]
∴ side AB || side CD [Opposite sides of a parallelogram]
∴ side AT || side CD [A – B – T]
and seg DT is their transversal.
∴ ∠ATD ≅ ∠CDT [Alternate angles]
∴ ∠BTE ≅ ∠CDE (i) [A – B – T, T – E – D]
In ∆BTE and ∆CDE,
∠BTE ≅ ∠CDE [From (i)]
∠BET ≅ ∠CED [Vertically opposite angles]
∴ ∆BTE ~ ∆CDE. [AA test of similarity]
∴ \(\frac { TE }{ DE } \) = \(\frac { BE }{ CE } \) [Corresponding sides of similar triangles]
∴ DE × BE = CE × TE

Geometry Practice Set 1.3 Question 8.
In the adjoining figure, seg AC and seg BD intersect each other in point P and \(\frac { AP }{ CP } \) = \(\frac { BP }{ DP } \) Prove that, ∆ABP ~ ∆CDP

Solution:
Proof:
In ∆ABP and ∆CDP,
\(\frac { AP }{ CP } \) = \(\frac { BP }{ DP } \) [Given]
∠APB ≅ ∠CPD [Vertically opposite angles]
∴ ∆ABP ~ ∆CDP [SAS test of similarity]

Math 2 Practice Set 1.3 Question 9.
In the adjoining figure, in ∆ABC, point D is on side BC such that, ∠BAC = ∠ADC. Prove that, CA² = CB × CD,

Solution:
Proof:
In ∆BAC and ∆ADC,
∠BAC ≅ ∠ADC [Given]
∠BCA ≅ ∠ACD [Common angle]
∴ ∆BAC ~ ∆ADC [AA test of similarity]
∴ \(\frac { CA }{ CD } \) = \(\frac { CB }{ CA } \) [Corresponding sides of similar triangles]
∴ CA × CA = CB × CD
∴ CA² = CB × CD

Question 1.
In the adjoining figure, BP ⊥ AC, CQ ⊥ AB, A – P – C, A – Q – B, then prove that ∆APB and ∆AQC are similar. (Textbook pg. no. 20)

Solution:

2. SAS test for similarity of triangles:
For a given correspondence, if two pairs of corresponding sides are in the same proportion and the angle between them is congruent, then the two triangles are similar.

In the given figure, if \(\frac { AB }{ PQ } \) = \(\frac { BC }{ QR } \), and ∠B ≅∠Q, then ∆ABC ~ ∆PQR

3. SSS test for similarity of triangles:
For a given correspondence, if three sides of one triangle are in proportion with the corresponding three sides of the another triangle, then the two triangles are similar.

In the given figure, if \(\frac { AB }{ PQ } \) = \(\frac { BC }{ QR } \) = \(\frac { AC }{ PR } \), then ∆ABC ~ ∆PQR

Properties of similar triangles:

1. Reflexivity: ∆ABC ~ ∆ABC
2. Symmetry : If ∆ABC ~ ∆DEF, then ∆DEF ~ ∆ABC.
3. Transitivity: If ∆ABC ~ ∆DEF and ∆DEF ~ ∆GHI, then ∆ABC ~ ∆GHI.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Hindi Solutions Hindi Lokvani Chapter 4 जिन ढूँढ़ा Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Hindi Lokvani Solutions Chapter 4 जिन ढूँढ़ा

Hindi Lokvani 10th Std Digest Chapter 4 जिन ढूँढ़ा Textbook Questions and Answers

सूचना के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए :

(१) प्रवाह तालिका पूर्ण कीजिए :

उत्तर:

(२) उचित जोड़ियाँ मिलाइए:

उत्तर:
i – ग
ii – ख
iii – ङ
iv – क

(३) शब्दसमूह के लिए एक शब्द लिखिए :

१. कस्तूरी की खोज करने वाला
उत्तर:
मृग

२. किनारे पर बैठा रहने वाला।
उत्तर:
बसेरा

३. तीन नोकों वाला अस्त्र
उत्तर:
त्रिशूल

४. जो बलहीन है
उत्तर:
शक्तिहीन

(४) दोहों में आए सुवचन
उत्तर:
(i) दुर्बल की रक्षा करना सबल का कर्तव्य है।
(ii) जिस पर ईश्वर की कृपा हो, उसका कोई कुछ भी बुरा नहीं कर सकता।

(५) निम्नलिखित अर्थ के शब्द दोहों से ढूँढ़कर लिखिए:

१. पुत्र ……..
२. इत्र विक्रेता ……….
३. परमात्मा ……….
४. खुद ……….
उत्तर:
१. लाल
२. सुगंधि बेचने वाला
३. पीव
४. दुनिया

(६) दोहों में प्रयुक्त निम्न शब्दों के दो-दो अर्थ लिखिए :

उत्तरः
१. हिरण, एक नक्षत्र का नाम
२. कलश या घड़ा, एक राशि का नाम
३. परिक्षा फल, नतिजा
४. बच्चा, केश

(७) अपनी पसंद के किसी एक दोहे के भावार्थ से प्राप्त प्रेरणा लिखिए।
उत्तरः
दोहा : जिन ढूँढ़ा ……………. किनारे बैठ ।।
प्रेरणा: प्रस्तुत दोहे से हमें साहस जैसे महान गुण का संचय करने की प्रेरणा मिलती है। साहस में बड़ी शक्ति होती है। उसके बल पर हम पानी की गहराई तक जाकर अनमोल रत्न पा सकते हैं। साहस व्यक्ति का महत्त्वपूर्ण गुण हैं।

उपयोजित लखन

शब्दों के आधार पर कहानी लिखिए:
शैली. जल, तस्वीर, अंगूठी
उत्तरः
मेल-मिलाप

रामपुर नामक गाँव में घनश्याम नाम का एक जौहरी रहता था। वह अपने दाहिने हाथ की एक ऊँगली में सोने की एक अंगूठी पहनता था। उसे उस अंगूठी से बेहद लगाव था। अत: कभी-भी वह उसे अपनी ऊँगली से अलग नहीं करता था। वह अपने परिवार से अलग रहता था। उनके लिए अलग घर की व्यवस्था थी। वह उन्हें मिलने कभी नहीं जाता था। एक दिन जौहरी को मिलने के लिए पड़ोस के गाँव से एक व्यक्ति आया। उसके पास एक थैली थी। उस थैली में एक घोड़े की तस्वीर थी । उस तस्वीर को बाहर निकालकर उसने जौहरी से कहा, “मालिक, यह बहुत ही अद्भुत तस्वीर है।

यह मुझे साधु महाराज ने दी है। मैं इसे बेचना चाहता हूँ। जो कोई इस तस्वीर को खरीद लेगा उसका पूरा जीवन बड़े आराम से कटेगा और उसे किसी भी प्रकार की विपत्तियों का सामना नहीं करना पड़ेगा। उस व्यक्ति की बातें सुनकर जौहरी ने जिज्ञासा से पूछा, “तो फिर इसका मूल्य कितना है?” उस व्यक्ति ने बताया सिर्फ पाँच जल की बूंदे और वह भी वे बूंदें एक दूसरी से अलग होनी चाहिए यानी एक साथ मिलनी नहीं चाहिए।

यह सुनकर जौहरी हैरान रह गया। थोड़ी देर तक सोचने के बाद उसने तुरंत अपने नौकर के जरिए एक गिलास में पानी मैंगवाया। उसने एक प्लेट में पानी की बूंद गिराने की कोशिश की, पर उसके प्रयत्न निष्फल रहे क्योंकि पानी की बूंदें एक-दूसर से मिलने लगी। कई बार कोशिश करने के बाद जौहरी थक गया। वह व्यक्ति मन ही मन हँस रहा था। हैरान होकर जौहरी ने उसकी ओर देखा।

तब तपाक से उस व्यक्ति ने कहा, “एक-दूसरे के साथ मिलना तो बूंदों का स्वभाव है। फिर इंसान होकर तुम क्यों अपने परिवार वालों से अलग रहते हो?” उस आदमी की बातें सुनकर जौहरी की आँखें खुल गई और वह तुरंत अपने परिवार वालों के पास चला गया। सीख : हमें जीवन में मेल-मिलाप से रहना चाहिए।

Hindi Lokvani 10th Std Textbook Solutions Chapter 4 जिन ढूँढ़ा Additional Important Questions and Answers

निम्नलिखित पद्यांश पढ़कर दी गई सूचनाओं के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए।
कृति अ (१): आकलन कृति

कृति पूर्ण कीजिए।

Question 1.

Answer:

समझकर लिखिए।

Question 1.
बड़ा व्यक्ति वही कहलाता है
Answer:
जिसके बड़े होने से दूसरों का भला होता है।

Question 2.
संसार में उन्हीं गुरु शिष्य को लोग याद करते हैं
Answer:
जो शिष्य अपने गुरु पर सर्वस्व अर्पण करने के लिए तैयार रहता है और जो गुरु अपने शिष्य से कुछ भी नहीं लेता है।

कृति अ (२) : शब्द संपदा

निम्नलिखित शब्दों के अर्थ पद्यांश में से ढूँढ़कर लिखिए।

1. राहगीर
2. छाया
3. संगत
4. इत्र विक्रेता

Answer:

1. राहगीर – पंथी
2. छाया – छाँव
3. संगत – संगति
4. इत्र विक्रेता – गंधी

विलोम शब्द लिखिए।

1. बड़ा x …….
2. छाया x ……
3. साधु x …….

Answer:

1. बड़ा x छोटा
2. छाया x धूप
3. साधु x असाधु

निम्नलिखित शब्द के अनेकार्थी शब्द लिखिए।

1. छाया
2. गुरु

Answer:

1. परछाई, बाधा
2. अध्यापक, बड़ा

निम्नलिखित शब्द का लिंग बदलिए।

1. साधु
2. शिष्य

Answer:

1. साध्वी
2. शिष्या

Question 1.
निम्नलिखित पद्यांश में से तत्सम शब्द पहचानकर लिखिए।
Answer:
साधु
गुरु

निम्नलिखित अनेक शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द लिखिए।

Question 1.
गुरु से शिक्षा प्राप्त करने वाला
Answer:
शिष्य

कृति अ (३) : स्वमत अभिव्यक्ति

Question 1.
‘छात्र जीवन में सत्संगति का असाधारण महत्त्व होता है।’ अपने विचार लिखिए।
Answer:
सत्संगति का अर्थ है – अच्छी संगति। अच्छे मनुष्यों के साथ रहने से हम सद्गति की ओर अग्रसर होते हैं। सत्संगति के संसर्ग से मनुष्य सदाचरण का पालन करता है। विद्यार्थियों को हमेशा अच्छे संस्कार वाले छात्रों की संगति में रहना चाहिए। सत्संगति हमें जीवन में आने वाली कठिनाइयों का सामना करने की शक्ति प्रदान करती है। सत्संगति में रहकर हम चरित्रवान बन सकते हैं। हमें जीवन में किसी से दोस्ती करते समय यह नहीं सोचना चाहिए कि वह गरीब है या अमीर । हमें दूसरे व्यक्ति के संस्कार एवं उसकी अच्छाइयों को ध्यान में रखते हुए उससे दोस्ती करनी चाहिए। सत्संगति में रहने से हम जीवन में कभी
भी गलत रास्ते पर नहीं जा सकते हैं।

निम्नलिखित पद्यांश पढ़कर दी गई सूचनाओं के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए।
कृति आ (१): आकलन कृति

Question 1.
सही विकल्प चुनकर लिखिए।
कमजोर व्यक्ति को सताने से –
(अ) उन्हें बुरा लगता है।
(आ) उनकी हाय लगती है।
(इ) उनकी पीड़ा और बढ़ जाती है।
Answer:
कमजोर व्यक्ति को सताने से उनकी हाय लगती है।

समझकर लिखिए।

Question 1.
यह निर्जीव है
Answer:
लुहार की धौंकनी।

Question 2.
धौंकनी से यह निकलती है
Answer:
हवा रूपी श्वास

Question 3.
पद्यांश में प्रयुक्त एक धातु का नाम
Answer:
लोहा

उचित जोड़ियाँ मिलाइए।।

Question 1.

Answer:
i – ग
ii – घ
iii – क
iv – ख

कृति पूर्ण कीजिए।

Question 1.

Answer:

उपसर्ग व प्रत्यय लगाकर शब्द लिखिए।

Question 1.
बल
Answer:
उपसर्ग – दुर्बल, प्रत्यय – बलवान

Question 2.
जीव
Answer:
उपसर्ग – सजीव, प्रत्यय – जीवधारी

विलोम शब्द लिखिए।

1. दुर्बल x ………..
2. बाहर x ………

Answer:

1. दुर्बल x सबल
2. बाहर x अंदर

लिंग बदलिए।

1. कुम्हार
2. गुरु

Answer:

1. कुम्हारिन
2. गुरुआइन

पर्यायवाची शब्द लिखिए।

1. साईं
2. अंतर
3. बैरी
4. खोट

Answer:

1. ईश्वर
2. भीतर
3. दुश्मन
4. दोष

निम्नलिखित अनेक शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द लिखिए।

Question 1.
जिसमें बल न हो
Answer:
दुर्बल

कृति आ (३): स्वमत अभिव्यक्ति

Question 1.
‘गुरु हमें अंधकार से प्रकाश की ओर ले जाता है। विषय पर अपने विचार लिखिए।
Answer:
प्रत्येक व्यक्ति के जीवन में गुरु का महत्त्व अनन्यसाधारण होता है। गुरु बिना गति नहीं अर्थात गुरु के बिना छात्र प्रगति नहीं कर सकता; वह ज्ञान प्राप्त नहीं कर सकता। गुरु हमारे दुर्गुणों को हटाकर सद्गुणों का संवर्धन करता है। संतकवि कबीर जी ने कहा है कि गुरु के बिना व्यक्ति को मोक्ष नहीं मिल सकता है। हमारे सभी धर्मग्रंथों में गुरु की महिमा का गुणगान किया गया है।

जिसे जीवन में गुरु का साथ मिलता है, वह व्यक्ति अपने जीवन में भवसागर पार कर जाता है। जिस प्रकार सूर्य के निकलने से अंधकार का नाश हो जाता है; ठीक उसी प्रकार गुरु के मुख से निकले वचनों से मोहरूपी अंधकार का नाश हो जाता है। गुरु अज्ञान का निराकरण करता है और हमें सच्चाई का मार्ग दिखाता है।

निम्नलिखित पद्यांश पढ़कर दी गई सूचनाओं के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए।
कृति इ (१): आकलन कृति

निम्नलिखित शब्द पढ़कर ऐसे दो प्रश्न तैयार कीजिए जिनके उत्तर निम्न शब्द हों

Question 1.
ईश्वर
Answer:
संत कबीर को किसकी महिमा सब जगह दिखाई देती है?

Question 2.
कस्तूरी
Answer:
हिरण की नाभि में क्या होती है?

समझकर लिखिए।

Question 1.

Answer:

कृति इ (२):शब्द संपदा

Question 1.
पद्यांश में से देशज शब्द ढूँढ़कर लिखिए।
Answer:
नैन
पीव

निम्नलिखित शब्दों के पर्यायवाची शब्द लिखिए।

1. मृग
2. दुनिया
3. घट
4. नैन

Answer:

1. हिरण
2. संसार
3. घड़ा
4. नयन

निम्नलिखित शब्द के अनेकार्थी शब्द लिखिए।

1. मृग –
2. कुंडल –

Answer:

1. मृग – हिरण, एक नक्षत्र का नाम
2. कुंडल – नाभि, कड़ा, बाली

निम्नलिखित शब्दों के अर्थ दोहों से ढूंढकर लिखिए।

1. परमात्मा
2. संसार
3. खुद
4. पुत्र

Answer:

1. पीव
2. दुनिया
3. मैं
4. लाल

कृति इ (३) : स्वमत अभिव्यक्ति

Question 1.
‘ईश्वर सर्वव्यापक है।’ इस विषय पर अपने विचार लिखिए।
Answer:
ईश्वर ने ही इस सुंदर सृष्टि का निर्माण किया है। उसकी मर्जी के बिना एक पत्ता भी नहीं हिल सकता है। संपूर्ण सृष्टि में ईश्वर का अस्तित्व है। वह हमारे हृदय में विराजमान है। लेकिन हमें इस बात का एहसास नहीं होता। अत: हम उसे ढूँढ़ने के लिए चारों और भटकते रहते हैं। अलग-अलग तीर्थस्थलों पर जाकर उसे पाने का प्रयास करते हैं। कोई उसे मंदिर मैं ढूँढ़ता है तो कोई उसे मस्जिद में ढूँढ़ता है।

परंतु वह तो हर जगह है। उसे पाने के लिए हमें यहाँ-वहाँ भटकने की जरूरत नहीं है। ईश्वर को पाने के लिए मनुष्य को बाह्य-आडंबरों का त्याग करना चाहिए। कर्मकांड व बाहरी आडंबर के जरिए हमें उसकी प्राप्ति नहीं होती है। सच्चे भाव से ईश्वर को याद करने पर वह हमारे साथ होते हैं। इसके लिए हमें यहाँ-वहाँ जाने की जरूरत नहीं है।

निम्नलिखित पद्यांश पढ़कर दी गई सूचनाओं के अनुसार कृतियाँ कीजिए।
कृति ई (१) आकलन कृति

पद्यांश के आधार पर समझकर निम्नलिखित वाक्य पूर्ण कीजिए।

Question 1.
किनारे पर वही बैठा रहता है –
Answer:
जो डूबने से डरता है।

Question 2.
पानी की गहराई में उतरने से –
Answer:
व्यक्ति को अनमोल रत्न की प्राप्ति होती है।

निम्नलिखित शब्द पढ़कर ऐसे दो प्रश्न तैयार कीजिए जिनके उत्तर निम्न शब्द हों –

Question 1.
बौरा
Answer:
डूबने से कौन डरता है?

Question 2.
फूल
Answer:
जो हमारे जीवन में काँटा बोता है, उसके जीवन में हमें क्या बोना चाहिए?

समझकर लिखिए।

Question 1.

Answer:

कृति ई (२) : शब्द संपदा

निम्नलिखित शब्दों के समानार्थी शब्द लिखिए।

1. फूल
2. किनारा
3. काँटा
4. पानी

Answer:

1. सुमन
2. तट
3. कंटक
4. जल

विलोम शब्द लिखिए।

1. फूल x ……….
2. ढूँढना x ………

Answer:

1. फूल x काँटा
2. ढूँढना x पाना

वचन बदलिए।

1. किनारा
2. फूल

Answer:

1. किनारा – किनारे
2. फूल – फूल

निम्नलिखित अनेक शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द लिखिए।

Question 1.
तीन नोकों वाला अस्त्र
Answer:
त्रिशूल

कृति ई (३) : स्वमत अभिव्यक्ति

Question 1.
‘साहस व्यक्ति का सबसे बड़ा गुण होता है’ विषय पर अपने विचार लिखिए।
Answer:
साहस ही जीवन है। साहस ही हमें जीवन में सफलता के लक्ष्य तक पहुंचाता है। जिस व्यक्ति के पास साहस होता है वह व्यक्ति दूसरों से अलग होता है और वह अद्भुत कार्य कर दिखाता है। साहस के कारण जीवन में उत्साह का संचार होता है और व्यक्ति का जीवन जीने योग्य बनता है। साहस मनुष्य-जीवन को सोने जैसा चमकाता है और उसे उन्नति की ओर आगे बढ़ाता है।

जीवन की उन्नति, प्रगति और उच्चतम विकास के लिए साहस बहुत ही आवश्यक है। साहस के बल पर ही कल्पना चावला और सुनीता विलियम्स अंतरिक्ष में जा सकीं। साहस के बल पर ही कोलंबस ने अमेरीका की खोज की। साहस के बल पर ही सिकंदर ने पूरी दुनिया पर अपना वर्चस्व स्थापित किया था। इसी साहस के बल पर हम भारतीयों ने अंग्रेजों का सामना करके उन्हें वापस जाने के लिए मजबूर किया था। इसलिए साहस सबसे बड़ा गुण है।

जिन ढूँढ़ा Summary in Hindi

जिन ढूँढ़ा कवि – परिचय

जीवन-परिचय : संत कबीरदास जी का जन्म सन १३९८ उत्तर प्रदेश के वाराणसी शहर में हुआ। ये भक्तिकालीन निर्गुण काव्यधारा के संतकवि थे। इनकी भाषा सधुक्कड़ी है। हिंदी भाषा की बोलियों का उल्लेख और प्रयोग इनकी रचनाओं में झलकता है। इनकी रचनाओं में धार्मिक आडंबर और सामाजिक रूढ़ियों के प्रति विद्रोह दिखाई देता है। ये समाज में जागरण युग के अग्रदूत के रूप में जाने जाते हैं।

प्रमुख कृतियाँ : ‘साखी’, ‘सबद’, ‘रमैनी’, इन तीनों का संग्रह ‘बीजक’ नामक ग्रंथ में किया गया है।

जिन ढूँढ़ा पद्य-परिचय

दोहे : दोहा एक अर्धसममात्रिक छंद है। इसमें प्रथम और तृतीय चरण में १३-१३ तथा द्वितीय और चतुर्थ चरण में ११-११ मात्राएँ होती हैं। चरण के अंत में लघु होता है।

प्रस्तावना : ‘जिन ढूँढा’ इस दोहे में संतकवि जी ने बड़प्पन का लाभ, गुरु और शिष्य की मनोवृत्ति, संगति का फल, अच्छा व्यवहार, परोपकार, साहस, सहानुभूति, जीव व आत्मा-परमात्मा के बारे में अपने विचार व्यक्त किए हैं। संत कबीर के इन नीतिपरक दोहों से जीवन जीने की कला और जीवन को समृद्ध करने की सीख मिलती है।

जिन ढूँढ़ा सारांश:

संतकवि कबीर जी ने अपने नीतिपरक दोहों के माध्यम से मनुष्य को जीवन समृद्ध करने की सीख दी है। कबीर कहते हैं कि व्यक्ति को सिर्फ बड़ा नहीं होना चाहिए। उसके बड़े होने से दूसरों को लाभ पहुंचाने की क्षमता व्यक्ति के पास होनी चाहिए। गुरु-शिष्य का आपसी रिश्ता पवित्र होना चाहिए। शिष्य के पास गुरु पर सर्वस्व अर्पण करने की भावना होनी चाहिए। गुरु के पास भी शिष्य से कुछ भी न लेने की मनोवृत्ति होनी चाहिए।

मनुष्य को सज्जनों की संगति में रहना चाहिए। सज्जनों की संगति से व्यक्ति को अपने चरित्र में सुधार कर लेना चाहिए। दुर्बल या कमजोर व्यक्ति को नहीं सताना चाहिए। उनकी हाय कभी नहीं लेनी चाहिए। बलवान व्यक्ति का कर्तव्य है कि वह दुर्बल व्यक्ति की सुरक्षा करें। एक गुरु ही शिष्य के जीवन को आकार देने का कार्य करता है। वही उसका भाग्यविधाता होता है। जिस पर सर्वशक्तिमान ईश्वर की कृपा होती है, उसे कोई भी नहीं मार सकता है। हमें ईश्वर को अपने नयनों में बंद करके रखना चाहिए; ताकि हम उसे सदैव देख सकें। ईश्वर की अद्भुत महिमा हर जगह दिखाई देती है।

अत: व्यक्ति को ईश्वर के साथ एकाकार होना चाहिए। साहस के द्वारा व्यक्ति बड़े से बड़ा कार्य कर सकता है । हमें जीवन में दूसरों का हित ही करना चाहिए। संत कबीर के इन नीतिपरक दोहों को अपने जीवन में उतारने और उसका पालन करने से हम जीवन में सफलता हासिल कर सकते हैं।

जिन ढूँढ़ा शब्दार्थ

जिन ढूँढ़ा भावार्थ

बड़ा हुआ तो …………………………. लागें अति दूर।।

कबीरदास जी कहते हैं कि केवल शरीर से बड़ा होना पर्याप्त नहीं होता है। अपने बड़प्पन से दूसरों को लाभ पहुँचाने की क्षमता व्यक्ति के पास होनी चाहिए। खजूर का पेड़ बहुत ऊँचा होता है परंतु राह से आने-जाने वाले राहियों को उसके छाया का लाभ नहीं मिलता है और फल अधिक दूर लगने के कारण राहगीर उसके फलों का आस्वाद भी नहीं ले सकते हैं। यदि व्यक्ति के बड़े होने से दूसरे लोगों का भला हो सकता है, तो ही व्यक्ति सचमुच का बड़ा होता है।

सिष को ऐसा …………………………….. कुछ नहीं लेय।।

कबीरदास जी कहते हैं कि शिष्य का ऐसा स्वभाव होना चाहिए कि वह गुरु पर अपना सर्वस्व अर्पण कर दे। जैसा शिष्य हो वैसे गुरु को | भी होना चाहिए। गुरु भी ऐसे स्वभाव वाला होना चाहिए कि वह शिष्य से कुछ भी न लेने की इच्छा रखता हो।

कबिरा संगत …………………………….. बास सुबास।।

कबीरदास जी कहते हैं कि सज्जन व्यक्ति की संगति इन बेचने वाले की सुगंध की तरह महकती है। इन बेचने वाला व्यक्ति हमें कुछ दे । । या न दे, फिर भी उसके पास रहने से सुगंध मिलती ही है।

दुर्बल को न सताइए …………………………….. भसम हवै जाय।

कबीरदास जी कहते हैं कि दुर्बल या कमजोर व्यक्ति को नहीं सताना चाहिए। उनकी हाय या उनके मुख से निकली बटुआ बड़ी प्रभावशाली व असरदार होती है। जिस प्रकार लुहार के पास जो धौंकनी होती है, वह निर्जीव होती है; पर जब उससे हवा निकलती है तब उस हवारूपी श्वास से लोहा भी भस्म हो जाता है।

गुरु कुम्हार सिष …………………………….. बाहर बाहै चोट।।

कबीरदास जी ने यहाँ गुरु को कुम्हार की संज्ञा दी है और शिष्य को कच्चे घड़े की। जिस प्रकार कुम्हार घड़े को सुंदर बनाने के लिए । भीतर से एक हाथ से सहारा देता है और बाहर दूसरे हाथ से थपथपाकर उसे सही आकार देता है, ठीक उसी प्रकार गुरु भी शिष्य को अंतर (हृदय) से प्रेम भावना तथा बाहर से कठोर अनुशासन में रखकर योग्य बनाता है।

जाको राखै …………………………….. जग बैरी होय।।

कबीरदास जी कहते हैं कि जिस पर सर्वशक्तिमान ईश्वर की कृपा होती है, उसे कोई भी नहीं मार सकता है। भले ही पूरी दुनिया उसका बैरी अर्थात दुश्मन हो जाए तो भी उसका बाल बाँका नहीं हो सकता।

नैनों अंतर आव …………………………….. तोहि देखन देवें।।

कबीरदास जी कहते हैं कि हे सर्वशक्तिमान ईश्वर ! तू मेरे नयनों में आकर बस जा और मैं तुझे अपने नयनों में बंद कर लूँ। ऐसा करके । न मैं किसी और को देखूगा और न तुझे किसी और को देखने दूंगा।

लाली मेरे लाल …………………………….. हो गई लाल।।

कबीरदास जी ने इस दोहे में ईश्वर को लाल कहा है और उसकी महिमा को लाली कहकर संबोधित किया है। वे कहते हैं, “मुझे मेरे । ईश्वर की अद्भुत महिमा हर जगह दिखाई देती है। जब मैं उस अद्भुत महिमा को देखने गया तब मैं भी उसमें विलीन हो गया।”

कस्तूरी कुंडल …………………………….. जानै नाहिं।।

कबीरदास जी कहते हैं कि ईश्वर सर्वव्यापक है। वह हमारे हृदय में भी स्थित है। जिस प्रकार कस्तूरी हिरण की नाभि में होती है, परंतु उसे इस बात का पता नहीं होता और वह उसकी सुगंध से मस्त होकर पूरे वन में उसे खोजता फिरता है। उसी प्रकार ईश्वर भी हमारे हृदय में ही वास करते हैं पर हमें इस बात का ज्ञान नहीं होता है और हम उसे ढूँढ़ने के लिए चारों ओर घूमते-भटकते रहते हैं।

जिन ढूँढा …………………………….. रहा किनारे बैठ।।

कबीरदास जी कहते हैं कि जीवन में साहस का होना अत्यावश्यक है। यदि व्यक्ति के पास अनमोल रल पाने की चाह है, तो उसे पानी । की गहराई में उतरना ही पड़ेगा। यदि उस बावले को डुबने का डर है तो वह किनारे ही बैठा रह जाएगा है। ऐसा व्यक्ति जीवन में कुछ भी नहीं कर पाएगा।

जो तोको …………………………….. बाको है तिरसूल।।

कबीरदास जी कहते हैं कि हमें जीवन में दूसरों का हित ही करना चाहिए। भले ही दूसरा व्यक्ति तुम्हारी राहों में काँटा बोए; फिर भी तुम्हें उसके लिए फूल ही बोने चाहिए। तुम्हारे बोए फूल से तुम्हारा आँगन तो महक उठेगा पर उस व्यक्ति को काँटों के बदले त्रिशूल का कष्ट । मिलेगा, जिससे उसका जीवन यातनाओं से भर जाएगा।

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 10 English Solutions My English Coursebook Chapter 2.4 An Epitome of Courage Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 10 My English Coursebook Solutions Chapter 2.4 An Epitome of Courage

My English Coursebook Standard Ten Guide Chapter 2.4 An Epitome of Courage Textbook Questions and Answers

Warming up!

Chit-chat:

A Strange Truth – ‘Handicapped are those who refuse to take up challenges, even with all their senses and physiology in perfect condition.’

Question 1.
Understand and discuss the above truth.
Answer:
(वरील सत्याविषयी समजून घ्या व चर्चा करा.)

Question 2.
How can you encourage such people to change and become confident? Discuss at least 4 to 5 ways you can do the above.
Answer:
1. The discussion should be related to the people who are not really disabled mentally or physically. This truth is about the people who are mentally and physically perfect but avoid, hesitate or neglect doing something challenging. By some reasons, they are not ready to change their attitude or fixed ideas. They don’t wish to change their mindset and stick to their passive and inactive attitude.

2. Think and try to understand the reasons behind their lethargy, inactiveness or indifference and try to encourage them and give them confidence.

3. Ways to encourage them and give confidence :

• Know his mindset, know his/her handicaps and obstacles he faced.
• Talk to him/her in friendly manner about his good qualities.
• Give examples of successful persons who have faced the challenges.
• Advice him/her to be brave, courageous and active.
• Help him/her in the fields where he/she lacks (confidence, courage, boldness, openness, etc.)

1. There are pleasant and polite ways of referring to people with physical and mental disabilities. Fill in the table below:

Question 1.
There are pleasant and polite ways of referring to people with physical and mental disabilities. Fill in the table below:

Answer:

Previously used Term	New Polite Terms
1. Blind	(a) Visually challenged
2. Deaf	(b) Hearing impaired
3. Dumb	(c) Speech impaired
4. mad	(d) mentally ill
5. lame	(e) physically handicapped

2. Read the beginning and complete the story in your own words:
Sumit, the son oç a shoe maker, was a highly intelligent student in a municipal school. His Maths teacher Called him 1Einstein’, for he was brilliant in Maths.
He loved Maths. umit wanted to study further after C, however he suffered
from Polio and …..
Now, continue the story with a favourable/positive ending.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

English Workshop:

1. Match the following. 

Question 1.
Match the following.

Answer:

Group ‘A’	Group ‘B’
1. Galileo	(d) The greatest scientist 300 years before Hawking.
2. Dr. Stephen Hawking	(c) The greatest scientist of this century.
3. Black Holes	(a) The concept which helped Stephen to get his Ph.D.
4. Stephen’s favourite subjects	(b) Music andMathematics

2. Complete the following web-chart containing the qualities of Dr. Stephen Hawking.

Question 1.
Complete the following web-chart containing the qualities of Dr. Stephen Hawking.

Answer:

3. Arrange the following statements according to the occurance in the life history of Dr Stephen Hawking.

Question 1.
Arrange the following statements according to the occurance in the life history of Dr Stephen Hawking.
(a) At the age of 17, Stephen noticed that he fell down a couple of times for no reason.
(b) He became a fellow of the Royal Society and a member of the US National Academy of Science.
(c) He believes that in the next millenium, science will discover the core secrets of the universe.
(d) Stephen was born on 8th January, 1942 and then grew up like an average child and a normal teenager.
(e) The disease worked its way into Stephen’s body and left him disabled.
(f) Stephen decided to continue his doctoral research work with renewed vigor.
(g) Stephen was diagnosed with a rare disease – ALS or LOU.
(h) Though confined to a wheelchair he worked on computer and expressed his thoughts.
Answer:
(a) Stephen was born on 8th January, 1942 and then grew up like an average child and a normal teenager.
(b) At the age of 17, Stephen noticed that he fell down a couple of times for no reason.
(c) Stephen was diagnosed with a rare disease- ALS or LOU.
(d) Stephen decided to continue his doctoral research work with renewed vigour.
(e) The disease worked its way into Stephen’s body and left him disabled.
(f) Though confined to a wheelchair he worked on computer and expressed his thoughts.
(g) He became a fellow of the Royal Society and a member of the US National Academy of Science.
(h) He believes that in the next millennium, science will discover the core secrets of the universe.

4. Homographs – Pairs of words that are spelled and pronounced the same, but have different meanings, in different contexts.
For example

• watch – observe
• watch – device that shows time

Question 1.
Use the following words in two different contexts.
Answer:
(a) couple – couple
1. The bowler managed to take a couple of wickets.
2. The elderly couple was taking a walk in the park.

(b) mind – mind
1. There were many thoughts in his mind, before he left his house.
2. Do you mind, if I put on the fan?

(c) space – space
1. We shall make some space for our new table.
2. Man is thinking of building a space station on the moon.

(d) sound – sound
1. The loud sound at midnight startled everyone.
2. His idea of celebrating birthday in a different way sounds quite interesting.

(e) left – left
1. Go straight and then turn left to reach the station.
2. As soon as he completed his Ph.D., he left for USA.

5. Use the following words/phrases in your own sentences.

Question 1.
Use the following words/phrases in your own sentences.
(a) quirk of fate
(b) confined to
(c) exaggeration
(d) an epitome of
(e) millennium.
Answer:
(a) By the quirk of fate, all the members of the happy family died in an accident.
(b) My neighbour is confined to bed for a long time with paralysis.
(c) He told me the strange news without any . exaggeration.
(d) The champion cricketer is an epitome of modesty
(e) I believe that man will go to stay on other planets before the next millennium.

6. Expand the given themes. Make use of this support/hints:

Question 1.

Expand the given themes.	Make use of this support/hints:
(a) If you fall ill during your final exam.	First step/what to do support/help
(b) If you meet a disabled person who needs help.	Act/behave Contact whom?
(c) If your friend is in trouble.	Gestures/Body language Patience/Tolerance
(d) If you meet a great person like Dr. Stephen Hawking.	Plan/organise Face /Handle/Overcome Succeed/Accomplish

Answer:
Question a.
Falling ill during the Final Exam.
Answer:
If I fall ill during my final exam, I’ll feel worried in the beginning. But soon I’ll collect myself and will face the problem boldly. Determinedly I’ll continue to appear for the remaining exam papers because there will be no reason getting into a panic about the final exam. I already have completed my study and revised it well before the exam.
My parents, I am sure, will be there to nurse me well and look after my health, medicines and my fast recovery. My friends also will help me in my

studies. They will comfort me and give me confidence. If I feel a little better, I myself will continue my studies for the final exam. So everything will fall into place.

Question b.
Helping a Disabled Person.
Answer:
If I meet a disabled person who needs help, I’ll treat him kindly. I shall sympathetically enquire about his difficulties and his requirements. I shall, with the help of my friends, try to provide him with the things he needs. If his needs are beyond our reach, we shall contact the persons or the organizations who could support him and fulfill his needs and requirements. We shall continue our efforts till he meets all his essential needs and equipment.

Question c.
Helping a Friend in Trouble.
Answer:
If any of my friends is in trouble, I will immediately visit him and find out the nature of his trouble. I shall try to pacify him if he is really very much affected. I shall console him if his trouble is because of emotional or financial problems. My friends and I will promise him to share his problem if he speaks it up clearly and freely. A trouble shared is a trouble halved. We shall advise him to be patient and tolerate the situation bravely and courageously. We shall try to help and support our friend in every possible way.

Question d.
Meeting a Great Person like Dr. Stephen Hawking.
Answer:
Before meeting such a great person like Dr. Stephen Hawking, I will have to preplan my visit and get permission for the visit from him. I must be ready with the information about his life history, his characteristics, his education, his achievements and his display of exemplary courage in the face of overwhelming odds.

It is difficult to face and get to talk to such an awe-inspiring person. But I know how to handle myself in this situation. I will talk to him boldly and respectfully. I will overcome my fear of meeting such a great man. I will tell him how I am impressed and inspired by his work and achievements. I will get the greatest joy of my life in meeting such a great personality.

7. You happen to meet a successful person who is a disabled. Write an imaginary dialogue between you and him/her. You can take support of the hints provided.

Question 1.
You happen to meet a successful person who is a disabled. Write an imaginary dialogue between you and him/her. You can take support of the hints provided.
(a) introductionlwelcome/greetings
(b) congratulating/honouring
(c) cause/reason for the disability
(d) decisionlplan/organisationlimplementation
(e) idols in life
(f) parents/friends – support if any
(g) success stories/accomplishments
(h) conclusion/final message if any
Answer:
Answer:
An Imaginary Dialogue between Sumit, a disabled and you:

• Myself: Hello, Sir, nice to meet you. I have read that you have received ‘The Sangeet Samrat’ Award of our city. Congratulations!
• Sumit: Yes, you are right, and thank you for your good wishes.
• Myself: You are confined to the wheelchair and both your legs are amputated. What made you disabled?
• Sumit: At the age of five I was crippled by Polio, The disease worked its way into my legs and they had to be amputated. I was confined to this wheelchair since then.
• Myself: I wonder how you could achieve such a great feat. Didn’t you feel depressed?
• Sumit: That is a long story. Music was in my blood. My father was a great classical singer. I used to listen to him since my childhood. He was my first Guru.
• Myself: With all your sufferings and this disability, what made you live a normal life and who inspired you?

Sumit: God is great! And courage is a wonderful thing! I was optimistic, so I faced the calamity without losing heart. Fortunately one of our teachers in our special school inspired me. He told me the story of Wilma Rudolf whose legs were crippled by Polio. Even then she wanted to become the fastest runner in the world and she did it! She practised with determination.

She failed in many races got up started again. The day came when she reached Rome for participating in the 1960 Olympics. In women’s running races (events), she won gold medals in 100 metres running, 200 metres running and 400 metres relay race, defeating all the participants. She became the fastest runner in the then world. The story inspired me and I started my riyaz undauntedly for hours together and here I am today.

• Myself: Were there any obstacles?
• Sumit: Yes, there were. I faced them boldly and moved ahead. People began to admire my songs and music. Now people respect me as rich and famous, but a humble music director.
• Myself: Could you please tell me about the most memorable day in your career as a music composer?
• Sumit: Yes, It is unforgettable that I received my ‘Sangeet Samrat Award’ from Godlike Guru Pandit Hridaynath Mangeshkar.
• Myself: What are your plans for future?
• Sumit: I will continue my service to music and please my fans.
• Myself: What is your advice to the younger generation?
• Sumit: Come what may. Work hard determinently. Win over your physical or mental calamities courageously. Don’t give up and try your best to get success in life.
• Myself: Thank you for giving your precious time and talk.
• Sumit: It’s my pleasure!

Language Study:

1. Complete the following Word Chain of adjectives.

Question 1.
Complete the following Word Chain of adjectives
(a) cruel →____→ ____ → ____ → ____.
(b) medicine →____ → ____ → ____ → ____.
(c) grow →____ →____ → ____ → ____.
(d) physics →______ → ______→ ______ → ______.
Answer:
(a) cruel → lazy → yearlong → genuine → enthusiastic.
(b) medicine → energy → yardstick → keyboard → diary.
(c) grow → withstand → develop → practice → entertain.
(d) physics → secretary → yawn → nature → eligible

2. (A) Convert the following to Exclamatory sentences of the same meaning.

Question 1.
Convert the following to Exclamatory sentences of the same meaning.
(a) Dr Hawking is a very humble man.
(b) He was very clumsy.
(c) He was very simple and intelligent.
(d) Courage is a truly wonderful thing.

Answer:
(a) How humble a man Dr. Hawking is!
(b) How clumsy was he!
(c) How simple and intelligent was he!
(d) How truly wonderful a thing courage is!

(B) Convert the following to Interrogative (Question) form.

Question 1.
Convert the following to Interrogative (Question) form.

1. The prognosis was bad.
2. Stephen decided to continue his research.
3. There are many people who display exemplary courage.
4. His mind would soar up into space like light.

Answer:

1. Wasn’t the prognosis bad?
2. Didn’t Stephen decide to continue his research?
3. Aren’t there many people who display exemplary courage?
4. Wouldn’t his mind soar up into space, like light?

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 2.4 An Epitome of Courage Additional Important Questions and Answers

Read the following passage and do the activities:

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Complete the following sentences with the help of the information from the passage:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. Dr. Stephen Hawking was born on the eighth day of January 1942 in Oxford.
2. Courage is the quality which makes people not to lose heart when faced with a great calamity.
3. Dr. Stephen Hawking was a living legend of Cosmology.
4. He wanted to study mathematics but the Oxford University did not have mathematics course then, so he opted to study physics instead.
5. Stephen Hawking’s parents failed to know ! about Stephen that one day their little boy ; will be acclaimed as one of the greatest scientist of this century.
6. Stephen Hawkings was sent to the University of Oxford to study Mathematics.

Question 2.
State whether the following sentences are True or False:
Answer:

1. Dr. Stephen Hawking was born on the eighth day of February 1942. – False
2. Dr. Stephen Hawking was a living legend of Biology. – False
3. Courage makes people not lose heart when faced with a great calamity. – True
4. Dr. Stephen Hawking was born before the death of Galileo. – False

Question 3.
Say whether the following statements are True or False:
Answer:

1. At the age of 17 Dr. Stephen Hawking was suffering from an extremely rare disease. – True
2. Stephen’s teachers liked his handwriting very much. – False
3. He got his Ph.D. studying the concept of ‘Black Holes’. – True
4. At the dismal stage Dr. Hawking enjoyed his life the most. – True

Question 4.
Complete the following sentences with the help of the information given in the passage:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

1. Dr. Hawking is a very humble man, though he is considered Einstein’s equal in intelligence.
2. Dr. Hawking expressed his thoughts with the help of his finger and with a computer.
3. He was bestowed with numerous honorary doctorates and awards.
4. Dr. Hawking’s ‘A Brief History of Time’ is one of the best selling books of our time.

Complex Factual Activities

Question 1.
What do you know about Dr Stephen Hawking from this passage?
Answer:
Dr Stephen Hawking was born in Oxford on the 8th of January 1942. Nobody could imagine that the little boy would be one of the greatest scientists of this century. He faced a great calamity with great courage and became living legend of Cosmology. His body was bound to a wheelchair but his mind was working and that made him one of the greatest scientists of this century.

As a child he had a lot of love for music and mathematics. His father wanted him to study medicine but he was bent on studying mathematics. The Oxford University did not have a course in mathematics, so he opted to study physics.

Question 2.
Complete the web:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 3.
Complete the following web showing the effects of the disease ALS or LOU on Dr Hawking:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Question 4.
What did Dr. Stephen achieve even after the disease disabled him?
Answer:
Even after the disease disabled Stephen he continued his doctoral research work with renewed vigour. He studied the concept of “Black Holes” and got his Ph.D. in the subject. The study sparked his imagination with bright ideas. He made many epoch-making statements that shook established theories. To explain the concept of ‘Big Bang’ better, Stephen invented what is known as “Lie Algebra”.

Question 5.
What does the writer say about the books authored by Dr. Hawking?
Answer:
The writer says about Dr. Hawking’s books that he wrote many books dealing with his terrific ideas keeping a common man in mind. His writing is full of wit and humour. His style is so lucid that non-scientists can also understand his writing. His book ‘A Brief History of Time’ is one of the best selling books of our time.

Question 6.
Which of Dr. Hawking’s achievements are mentioned in this passage?
Answer:
Dr. Hawking is an authority on profound subjects of science. Numerous honorary doctorates and awards have been bestowed upon him. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society and a member of the US National Academy of Sciences. He has authored many books dealing with his awesome ideas. His book ‘A Brief History of Time’ is one of best selling books of our times.

Activities based on Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Classify the following words into verbs, adjectives and nouns:
whole, know, little, predict, calamity, legend, mind, physics, great, imagine, wonderful, cruel, courage, faced, grew, heart, fate, course.
Answer:

1. Verbs – know, predict, imagine, faced, grew
   
2. Adjectives – little, wonderful, cruel, whole, great
3. Nouns – calamity, legend, mind, physics, courage, heart, fate, course

Question 2.
Find the similar meaning word/phrase for the following from the passage
Answer:

1. a period of hundred years – century
2. a very fine example of something – epitome
3. acclaimed – hailed
4. unexpected change of destiny – quirk of fate

Question 3.
Match the words in Column ‘A’ with their meanings in Column ‘B’:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. confined	(a) determined despite difficulties
2. undaunted	(b) awkward
3. perplexed	(c) restricted
4. clumsy	(d) worried because of difficulty

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. confined	(c) restricted
2. undaunted	(a) determined despite difficulties
3. perplexed	(d) worried because of difficulty
4. clumsy	(b) awkward

Question 4.
Write the adjectives for the following nouns from the passage:

1. ideas
2. style
3. courage
4. secrets.

Answer:

1. awesome ideas
2. lucid style
3. exemplary courage
4. core secrets

Question 5.
Match the words in Column ‘A’ with their meanings in Column ‘B’:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. profound	(a) a person without any special skill
2. awesome	(b) a perfect example
3. layman	(c) showing very (knowledge) great
4. quintessence	(d) very impressive

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. profound	(c) showing very (knowledge)
2. awesome	(d) very impressive
3. layman	(a) a person without any special skill
4. quintessence	(b) a perfect example

Activities based on Contextual Grammar:

Question 1.
Make the following sentences exclamatory:

i. Courage is truly a wonderful thing.
Answer:
What a wonderful thing courage is!

ii. He was very clumsy.
Answer:
How clumsy he was!

Question 2.
Change the following sentence into positive and comparative degree:
Dr Hawking is one of the greatest scientists of this century.
Answer:
i. Positive degree: Very few (Not many) scientists of this century are as great as Dr. Hawking.
ii. Comparative degree: Dr. Hawking is greater than most other scientists of this century.

Question 3.
He is one of the greatest scientists of this century. (Choose the correct question tag from the given alternatives.)
(a) aren’t he?
(b) is he?
(c) wasn’t he?
(d) isn’t he?
Answer:
He is one of the greatest scientists of this century; isn’t he?

Question 4.
He made many epoch-making statements. (Rewrite the sentence using Present Continuous Tense.)
Answer:
He is making many epoch-making statements.

Question 5.
This disease came as a bolt from the blue. (Rewrite the sentence using Past Perfect Tense.)
Answer:
This disease had come as a bolt from the blue.

Personal Responses:

Question 1.
Do you think, that courage is a wonderful thing? Why do you think so?
Answer:
Yes, I do think that courage is a wonderful I think because it can work miracles in one’s life. A person with great courage stimulates an ordinary or even a disabled person to achieve the impossible, I know a small boy who rescued his younger sister from a tiger’s fierce attack. A courageous person is brave enough to do whatever he/she feels to be right and good in his or her opinion.

Question 2.
What, do you think, are the miseries of a person who is confined to wheelchair?
Answer:
I think, the person who is confined to a wheelchair has to face many restrictions, difficulties and inconveniences. He is mentally and physically depressed all the time. He is deprived of living comfortable happy life. He neither has control over his limbs nor on his mind.

Question 3.
How do you know that Dr. Hawking is a perfect example of optimism and hope?
Answer:
He fully believed in his courage, his intelligence and his authority on profound subjects of science. He did not lose his hopes, even when he was suffering from the dreaded ALS disease. He believed that his life was not different from other people. He tried his best and lived a normal life like other people. He did not think about his sufferings or regret the things that prevented him from doing the things he hoped. His optimism helped him to fulfill his hopes and goals.

Do as directed:

Question 1.
His writing is full of wit and humour.
(Rewrite the sentence using Past Perfect Tense.)
Answer:
His writing had been full of wit and humour.

Question 2.
He is a fellow of the Royal society and a member of the US National Academy of Science.
(Use not only – but also)
Answer:
He is not only a fellow of the Royal society but also a member.

Activities based on Language Study

Do as directed:

Question 1.
Complete the words by using the correct letter:

1. d e _ t h
2. s t _ g e
3. b o o _ s
4. b _ a v e

Answer:

1. d e a t h
2. s t a g e
3. b o o k s
4. b r a v e

Question 2.
Put the following words in alphabetical order:

1. profound, prognosis, planet, possible
2. undaunted, confined, awesome, explain

Answer:

1. planet, possible, profound, prognosis
2. awesome, confined, explain, undaunted

Question 3.
Punctuate the following sentences:

1. he said to her we must have to come out of this calamity
2. shall we reach meeras house on time i asked.

Answer:

1. He said to her, “We must have to come out of this calamity.”
2. “Shall we reach Meera’s house on time?” I asked.

Question 4.
Make four words (minimum 3 letters each) using the letters in the word meanwhile:
Answer:
mean, while, meal, mile

Question 5.
Write related words as shown in the example:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)
Answer:

Do as directed:

1. Attempt anyone:

b. Add a clause to the following sentence to expand it meaningfully.
Nobody thought that
Answer:
Nobody thought that he would become such a great sportsman.

2. Attempt anyone:

a. Add a prefix or suffix to make new words:
1. known
2. lucky
Answer:
1. unknown
2. unlucky

OR

b. Make a meaningful sentence using any one of the following words:
1. known
2. lucky
Answer:
1. Satyendra Nath Bose was one of the known scientists of India.
2. Our school team was lucky to win the Kabaddi match at the last moment.