Category: Class 7

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 7 Geography Solutions Chapter 4 Air Pressure Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 Geography Solutions Chapter 4 Air Pressure

Class 7 Geography Chapter 4 Air Pressure Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Give reasons:

Question 1.
Air pressure decreases with increasing altitude.
Answer:

• The proportion of dust in the air, water vapour, heavy gases, etc. is higher in the air and closer to the surface of the earth.
• This proportion decreases with increasing altitude.
• As one moves higher and higher from the surface of the earth, the air becomes thinner and thinner.
• As a result, the air pressure decreases with increasing altitude.

Question 2.
Pressure belts oscillate.
Answer:

• The duration and the intensity of sunrays varies during particular periods of the year in both the hemispheres.
• So, the locations of the temperature zones and the pressure belts dependent on the sun’s heat also vary.
• This change is of the order of 5° to 7° towards the north in Uttarayan1 and 5° to 7° south in Dakshinayan2.
• In this way pressure belts oscillate.

2. Give short answers to the following questions.

Question 1.
What effect does temperature have on air pressure?
Answer:

• Temperature and air pressure are closely related. Wherever the temperature is high, the air pressure is low.
• As the temperature rises, the air gets heated, expands, and becomes lighter.
• This lighter air in the vicinity of the earth’s surface starts moving up towards the sky
• As a result, the air pressure in such areas decreases.

Question 2.
Why is the subpolar low pressure belt formed?
Answer:

• Due to earth’s curvature, the area between two parallels gets reduced as we move towards the poles.
• This results in lesser friction1 of the air with the earth’s surface.
• Air in this region is thrown out because of this reduced friction and also because of the earth’s rotational motion.
• This leads to the development of a low pressure belt in the sub polar region i.e. in area between 55° & 65° parallels in both the hemispheres.

3. Write notes on:

Question 1.
Mid-latitudinal high pressure belts.
Answer:

• The heated air from the equatorial region becomes lighter, starts ascending and after reaching higher altitudes, moves towards the polar region, i.e., towards the North and the South Pole.
• Due to low temperatures at the higher altitudes, the air cools down and becomes heavier.
• This heavier air descends down in both the hemispheres in the region between 25° to 35° parallels.
• This leads to the formation of high pressures, belts in these parallels of latitudes in both the hemispheres.
• This air is dry, hence the region does not get rainfall.
• Consequently, most of the hot deserts on the earth are found in these regions.

Question 2.
Horizontal distribution of air pressure.
Answer:

• The heat received from the sun is uneven in different regions.
• The distribution of temperature is uneven from the equator to the poles.
• This difference can lead to difference in air pressure.
• There are four air pressure belts formed on the earth surface.
• Equatorial low-pressure belt between 5°N and 5°S parallels as the temperature is high here.
• Mid latitudinal high-pressure belt between 25° and 35° parallels due to descending heavier air.
• Subpolar low-pressure belt formed between 55° and 65° parallels due to friction and rotation.
• Polar high-pressure belt formed between 80° and 90° parallels due to low temperatures.

4. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate option.

Question 1.
At higher altitudes air becomes ________. (thicker, thinner, hotter, more humid)
Answer:
thinner

Question 2.
Air pressure is expressed in _______ .(millibars, millimeters, milliliters, milligrams)
Answer:
millibars

Question 3.
On the earth, air pressure is _______.(uniform, uneven, high, low)
Answer:
uneven

Question 4.
The ______ pressure belt spreads between 5° North and 5° South parallel. (equatorial low, polar high, subpolar low, mid-latitudinal high)
Answer:
equatorial low

5. How does a high-pressure belt get formed near 30 ° parallel? Why does this region have hot deserts?
Answer:
(i) The heated air from the equatorial region becomes lighter, starts ascending and after reaching higher altitudes, moves towards the polar region, i.e., towards the North and the South Pole.

(ii) Due to low temperatures at the higher altitudes, the air cools down and becomes heavier. This heavier air descends down in both the hemispheres in the region between 25° to 35° parallels.

(iii) This leads to the formation of high pressures belts in these parallels of latitudes in both the hemispheres.

(iv) This air is dry, hence the region does not get rainfall. Consequently, most of the hot deserts on the earth are found in these regions.

6. Draw a neat diagram showing pressure belts. Label the diagram.
Answer:

Class 7 Geography Chapter 4 Air Pressure InText Questions and Answers

Formative Assessment
Can you tell?

Observe the diagram Fig. (a) and (b) carefully and answer the following questions:

Question 1.
Which pressure belt is mainly found in the Tropics?
Answer:
Equatorial low pressure belt is mainly found in the tropics.

Question 2.
With which pressure belt are the polar winds associated? In which temperature zone are they observed?
Answer:
The polar winds are associated with polar high pressure belt and sub polar low pressure belt. It is observed in the frigid zone.

Question 3.
What could be the reason behind a low pressure belt in the Tropics?
Answer:
Low pressure belt is formed in the tropics because the temperature is high.

Question 4.
With which pressure belts are the winds in the Temperate zone associated?
Answer:
The winds in temperate zone are associated with mid latitudinal high pressure belt.

Question 5.
Write the latitudinal extent of the low pressure belts.
Answer:
The latitudinal extent of Equatorial low pressure belt is between 50°N & 50°S parallel & the latitudinal extent of the sub polar low pressure belt is between 55° & 65° parallel in both the hemispheres.

Observe the map given above and study the distribution of air pressure and answer the following

Question 1.
The nature of the isobars.
Answer:
The isobars are joining places of equal air pressure on the map.

Question 2.
High and low pressure belts and their latitudinal position.
Answer:
(i) The latitudinal position of high pressure belt is between 25° & 35° parallels and between 80° & 90° parallels in both the hemisphere
(ii) The latitudinal position of low pressure belt is between 0° & 5° parallels and between 55° & 65° parallels in both the hemispheres.

Question 3.
The direction of the isobars and the distance between successive isobars over the oceans and continents.
Answer:
(i) In the northern hemisphere most of the isobars are in southwest to north east direction over the continents. Also the distance between the isobars varies.

(ii) Closely spaced isobars indicate large pressure changes over a small area. Widely spaced isobars indicate gentle or gradual pressure change.

(iii) In the southern hemisphere, the isobars extend  in east-west direction. The distance between the isobars is fairly constant over the oceans & so the isobars are fairly parallel to each other.

Question 4.
Comparison of the isobars in the northern and the southern hemispheres.
Answer:
In the northern hemisphere the isobars are far spaced and uneven, whereas in the southern hemispheres it is closely spaced and parallel.

Use your brainpower !

Question 1.
If there is low pressure at the equator, what will be the condition of air pressure in the Arctic Zone?
Answer:
The Arctic zone will experience high pressure as the temperature is lower than 0°C.

Try this:

Question 1.

• Take a flying lantern.
• Tie an approximately 5m long thread to the flying lantern so that you can bring the lantern down whenever required.
• After carefully reading the instructions given on the package of the lantern open it and light the candle placed in it.
• After some time, bring the lantern down with the help of the thread and put off the candle.

Question 2.
Did the flying lantern start ascending immediately after the candle was lit?
Answer:
Yes

Question 2.
What would have happened to the flying lantern had the candle got extinguished after the lantern had gone up in the air?
Answer:
The lantern would have fallen back on the earth.

Give it a try: 

Question 1.
Study the temperative distribution map given in your std VI textbook and the pressure distribution map in this lesson to find the correlation between air temperature and air pressure.
Answer:

• The temperature deceases continuously from the equator to the poles but the air pressure varies alternately.
• In the equatorial region the average temperature is high. Hence, the air pressure is low.
• In the polar regions, the temperature is low & hence the air pressure is comparative high.

Class 7 Geography Chapter 4 Air Pressure Additional Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks choosing the correct option from the bracket:

Question 1.
Pressure belts oscillates between ______ parallels. (5° to 7°, 10° to 20°, 80° and 90°, 25° to 30°)
Answer:
5° to 7°

Question 2.
The instrument used to measure air pressure is ______ .(barometer, thermometer, hygrometer, seismometer)
Answer:
barometer

Question 3.
In both the polar regions, the temperature is below ________ throughout the year. (5°C, 0°C, 7°C, 6°C)
Answer:
0°C

Question 4.
The line that joins the places of equal pressure on the map is called an _______. (isotherm, isohytes, millibars, isobar)
Answer:
isobar

Match the following:

Question 1.

A (Pressure Belt)	B (Parallels)
(1) Sub Polar low pressure (2) Mid latitudinal high pressure (3) Polar high pressure (4) Equatorial low pressure	(a) 25° to 35° (b) 5°N and 5°S (c) 55° to 65° (d) 80° to 90°

Answer:
1 – c
2 – a
3 – d
4 – b

Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.
The latitudinal extent of the temperate zones is much _____ while belts are narrower.
Answer:
Larger

Question 2.
The extent of air pressure belt is upto ______ parallel.
Answer:
10°

Question 3.
Pressure belts are formed between the _______ and the pole.
Answer:
Equator

Question 4.
The sun rays fall perpendicular between the ______and ________.
Answer:
Tropic of Cancer, Tropic of Capricorn

Question 5.
Due to the earths curvature, the area betweentwo parallels gets ______ as we move towards the poles.
Answer:
reduced

Question 6.
The air pressure at sea level is ______ millibars.
Answer:
1013.2

State whether the following statements are true or false:

Question 1.
Air pressure is uniform on all places on the earth’s surface.
Answer:
false

Question 2.
Whenever the temperature is high, the air pressure is also high.
Answer:
false

Question 3.
The heat received from the sun, is uneven in different regions.
Answer:
true

Question 4.
In both the polar regions, the temperature is low throughout the year.
Answer:
true

Question 5.
Air pressure is measured in units of millimetres.
Answer:
false

Answer the following questions in one to two sentence:

Question 1.
Which factors influence air pressure?
Answer:
The altitude of a region, temperature of the air and the amount of water vapour in the air are some factors influencing air pressure.

Question 2.
What is the extent of air pressure belt?
Answer:
The extent of air pressure belt is generally upto 10° parallel.

Question 3.
What is the latitudinal extent of temperate zone?
Answer:
The latitudinal extent of temperate zone is from 23°30’N to 66°30’N and 23° 30’S to 66° 30’S.

Question 4.
What is the temperature in the polar region?
Answer:
In both the polar regions, the temperature is below 0°C throughout the year.

Question 5.
Why do all things in and on the earth stay earth bound?
Answer:
All things in and on the earth stay bound due to the earth’s gravity.

Question 6.
Why are temperature zones created on the surface of the earth?
Answer:
The heat received from the sun is uneven in different regions. Hence the distribution of the temperature is uneven from the equator to the poles. As a result, temperature zones are created.

Question 7.
Most of the hot deserts on the earth are found in which region?
Answer:
Most of the hot deserts on the earth are found in the mid latitudinal high pressure belt ie; between 25° to 30° parallels in both hemispheres.

Give reasons:

Question 1.
Air pressure is maximum at sea level.
Answer:

• All things in and on the earth stay earthbound because of the earth’s gravity. This includes air which is in the gaseous form.
• Due to the earth’s gravity, air is pulled to the earth’s surface.
• Also as one moves higher & higher from the earth’s surface the air becomes thinner & thinner.
• Therefore, the air pressure is maximum at sea- level.

Question 2.
A low pressure belt is formed near the equator.
Answer:

• The sunrays can be perpendicular between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.
• The temperature is higher in this region.
• Hence air in this region gets heated, expands and becomes lighter and moves towards the sky.
• As this process operates continuously, a low pressure belt gets formed in the central part of this region between the parallels 5° N and 5° S, near the equator.

Question 3.
High pressure belt is formed near the polar region.
Answer:

• In both the polar regions, the temperature is below 0° throughout the year.
• The air is cold.
• Hence, high pressure belt is formed in the polar region.

Question 4.
Low pressure belt is observed between 55° and 65° parallels in both the hemispheres.
Answer:

• Due to the earth’s curvature, the area between two parallels gets reduced as we move towards the poles. This results in lesser friction of the air with the earth’s surface.
• The air between 55° and 65° parallels is thrown out because of the reduced friction and also due to the earth’s rotation.
• Therefore, a low pressure belt is observed between 55° and 65° parallels in both the hemispheres.

Question 5.
Temperature and air pressure are closely related.
Answer:

• Wherever the temperature is high, the air pressure is low. As the temperature rises the air gets heated, expands, and become lighter.
• Thin, lighter air in the vicinity3 of the earth’s surface starts moving up towards the sky. As a result the air pressure in such area decreases.
• Hence, temperature and air pressure are closely related.

Question 6.
Most of the hot deserts on the earth are found in mid-latitudinal high pressure belts.
Answer:

• The air in mid-latitudinal high pressure belt (between 25° to 35° parallels in both hemisphere) is found to be dry.
• The amount of water vapour is very low & hence this region gets extremely scarce or no rainfall.
• Consequently, most of the hot deserts on the earth are found in mid latitudinal high pressure belts.

Give short answers to the following questions:

Question 1.
What are the effects of air pressure?
Answer:
Air pressure has the following effects.

• Origin of winds.
• Generation of storms
• Convectional type of rain.

Question 2.
What is the difference between the temperature zones and pressure belts?
Answer:
(i) The difference between the temperature zones & pressure belts is that the latitudinal extent of temperature zones is much larger while pressure belts are narrower.

(ii) For example, the Temperate zone extends from 23°30′ to 66°30′ in both hemisphere. Compared to this the pressure belt has limited extent which is generally upto 10° parallel.

(iii) Also the temperature zones are continuous & spread from the equator to the poles from Torrid to Frigid.

(iv) Pressure belts are not continuous & areas of high & low pressure are found in different regions from the equator to the poles.

Question 3.
How does a high pressure belt get formed near 30° parallel? Why does this region have hot deserts?
Answer:
(i) The heated air from the equatorial region becomes lighter, starts ascending and after reaching higher altitudes, moves towards the polar region, i.e., towards the North and the South Pole.

(ii) Due to low temperatures at the higher altitudes, the air cools down and becomes heavier. This heavier air descends down in both the hemispheres in the region between 25° to 35° parallels.

(iii) This leads to the formation of high pressures belts in these parallels of latitudes in both the hemispheres.

(iv) This air is dry, hence the region does not get rainfall. Consequently, most of the hot deserts on the earth are found in these regions.

Think about it:

Question 1.
What will be the effect on air pressure if the temperature drops? Why?
Answer:
If the temperature drops, the air pressure will increase as the air becomes heavy.

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 7 History Solutions Chapter 5 The Foundation of the Swaraj Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 History Solutions Chapter 5 The Foundation of the Swaraj

Class 7 History Chapter 5 The Foundation of the Swaraj Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Find the odd man out:

Question 1.
Pune, Supe, Chakan, Bengaluru
Answer:
Bengaluru

Question 2.
Jadhavs of Phaltan, Mores of Javali, Ghorpades of Mudhol, Sawants of Sawantwadi
Answer:
Jadhavs of Phaltan

Question 3.
Torana, Murumbdev, Sinhgad,Sindhudurg
Answer:
Sindhudurg.

2. Write about in your words:

Question 1.
The efforts Veermata Jijabai took for Shivaji Maharaj’s education.
Answer:
The following were the efforts Veermata Jijabai took for Shivaji Maharaj’s education.
(i) She instilled in Shivaji the values like modesty, vigilance, truthfulness, oratory, courage and fearlessness.
(ii) She inspired the will to win the dream of Swaraj.

Question 2.
Shivaji Maharaj started his work of founding Swaraj in the Maval region.
Answer:
(i) The Maval terrain was full of hills and valleys and was not easily accessible.
(ii) He made use of these geographical features of Maval very skilfully for the purpose of the foundation of the Swaraj.

3. List the companions and associates of Shivaji Maharaj.
Answer:

1. Yesaji Kank
2. Baji Pasalkar
3. Bapuji Mudgal
4. Kavji Kondhalkar
5. Jiva Mahala
6. Tanaji Malusare
7. Kanhoji Jedhe
8. Bajiprabhu Deshpande
9. Dadaji Narasprabhu Deshpande.
10. Narhekar Deshpande brothers

4. Find out and write:

Question 1.
Why Shahaji Maharaj is termed Swaraj visionary.
Answer: .
(i) Shahajiraje was valiant, courageous, intelligent a great political expert.
(ii) He was an excellent archer.
(iii) He was also an expert in using the sword, patta and spear.
(iv) He loved his subjects.
(v) He had won many regions in Maharashtra, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. South India was in awe of him.
(vi) While Shivaji and Jijabai were at Bengaluru he had arranged for providing excellent education to Shivaji so as to enable him to become a king.
(vii) He himself aspired to established Swaraj by ousting the powers of foreign people. That is why he is known as Swaraj visionary.

Question 2.
Shivaji Maharaj paid attention to building a Navy.
Answer:
(i) After the conquest of Javali, Kalyan, Bhiwandi, Shivaji Maharaj came in contact with the Siddi, Portuguese and British power on the western Coast.
(ii) He realized that in order to fight these powers, it was necessary to have a strong naval force. Hence Shivaji Maharaj paid attention to raise a Navy.

Question 3.
Shivaji Maharaj entered into a treaty with the Adilshah.
Answer:
(i) On one hand, Aurangzeb had Sent Shaistakhan to invade the Pune Province and on other hand the conflict with Adilshah continued.
(ii) Therefore, Shivaji Maharaj realized that it would hot be prudent to fight both the enemies at the same time.
Therefore Shivaji Maharaj entered into a treaty with the Adilshah.

Question 4.
How did Shivaji Maharaj escape from Panhalgad?
Answer:
(i) When Shivaji Maharaj took shelter in Panhala fort, Siddi soldiers laid siege to the fort for about five months.
(ii) Shivaji Maharaj found himself trapped inside the fort.
(iii) Netoji Palkar tried to raise the siege by attacking Siddi’s army from outside.
(iv) He couldn’t succeed as his forces were meagre (inadequate)
(v) Siddi showed no sign of relenting so he decided to have open talks with him.
(vi) Shiva Kashid, a brave youth who resembled Shivaji Maharaj in looks came forward.
(vii) He dressed up like Shivaji Maharaj and sat in a palanquin.
(viii) The palanquin left by the Raj-dindi gate and was captured by Siddi’s army and Kashid sacrificed himself for Swaraj.
(ix) In the meanwhile, Shivaji Maharaj left the fort using another route.

Activities:

1. Describe a fort you have seen. Suggest measures for conserving a historical site.
2. Find out what a 7/12 extract means and relate it to the words in the chapter.

Class 7 History Chapter 5 The Foundation of the Swaraj Additional Important Questions and Answers

Complete the sentence by choosing the appropriate words from the options given below:

Question 1.
Shivaji Maharaj started the work of establishing Swaraj in the ______ region. (Maval, Javali, Chakan)
Answer:
Maval

Question 2.
Jijabai was the daughter of the great Sardar ______ (Shahajiraje, Netaji Palkar, Lakhujiraje)
Answer:
Lakhujiraje

Question 3.
______ was the first capital of Swaraj. (Pratapgad, Rajgad, Panhala)
Answer:
Rajgad

Question 4.
Shivaji Maharaj renamed Khelna as ______.(Vishalgad, Pratapgad, Rajgad)
Answer:
Vishalgad

Question 5.
The Adilshah gave Siddi the title of _____ (Salabatkhan, Adilshahi, Nizamshahi)
Answer:
Salabatkhan

Question 6.
Badi Sahiba sent ______ to curb Shivaji Maharaj. (Nizamshah, Afzalkhan, Shaistakhan)
Answer:
Afzalkhan

Question 7.
________ was a pre-eminent Sardar in the Deccan.(Lakhujiraje, Bajiprabhu Deshpande, Shahajiraje)
Answer:
Shahajiraje

Question 8.
The Nizamshahi came to an’end in _______. (1636 CE, 1648 CE, 1630 CE)
Answer:
1636 CE

Question 9.
Shahajiraje sent ______ and _______ from Bangalore to Pune with some loyal and competent associates. (Yesaji Rank and Jiva Mahala, Dalvi and Surve, Shivaji and Jijabai)
Answer:
Shivaji and Jijabai

Question 10.
Shivaji Maharaj took shelter in the _______ Fort. (Rajgad, Panhala, Vishalgad)
Answer:
Panhala

Match the following:

Question 1.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
(1) Nizamshahi came to an end	(a) 1660 CE
(2) Shivaji’s birth date	(b) 10th November 1659
(3) A meeting between Shivaji and Afzalkhan	(c) 1636 CE
(4) Siddi Jauhar attacked on Shivaji Maharaj	(d) 19th February 1630.

Answer:
1 – c
2 – d
3 – b
4 – a

Question 2.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
(1) Shivneri	(a) Javali Valley
(2) Pratapgad	(b) Siege by Siddi Jauhar
(3) Raigad	(c) Birth place of Shivaji Maharaj
(4) Panhalgad	(d) The first capital of the Swaraj

Answer:
1 – c
2 – a
3 – d
4 – b

Arrange in chronological order:

Question 1.
(i) A treaty with Adilshah
(ii) Defeat of Afzalkhan
(iii) Shivaji Maharaj captured Javali
(iv) Shivaji Maharaj escaped from Panhala Fort
Answer:
(i) Shivaji Maharaj captured Javali
(ii) Defeat of Afzalkhan
(iii) Shivaji Maharaj escaped from Panhala Fort
(iv) A treaty with Adilshah

Question 2.
(i) Meeting with Afzalkhan
(ii) End of Nizamshahi
(iii) Siege to Panhala
(iv) Attack on Javali
Answer:
(i) End of Nizamshahi (1636 CE)
(ii) Attack on Javali (1656 CE)
(iii) Meeting with Afzalkhan (1659 CE)
(iv) Siege to Panhala (1660 CE)

Question 3.
(i) Siddi Jauhar marched against Shivaji Maharaj
(ii) Birth of Shivaji Maharaj
(iii) Shivaji Maharaj built Pratapgad
(iv) Shahajiraje became a Sardar of Adilshah
Answer:
(i) Birth of Shivaji Maharaj
(ii) Shahajiraje became a Sardar of Adilshah
(iii) Shivaji Maharaj built Pratapgad
(iv) Siddi Jauhar marched against Shivaji Maharaj

Answer the following in one sentence:

Question 1.
What were the extraordinary qualities of Shahajiraje.
Answer:
Shahajiraje was a valiant, courageous, intelligent and a great political leader.

Question 2.
Which Jagirs were granted to Shahajiraje from Nizamshah?
Answer:
Shahajiraje was granted the jagirs of Pune, Supe, Indapur and Chakan parganas located between the Bheema and Neera rivers.

Question 3.
Who was Afzalkhan?
Answer:
Afzalkhan was a powerful and experienced Adilshahi General.

Question 4.
Which forts did Shivaji Maharaj capture while laying the foundation of Swaraj?
Answer:
Shivaji Maharaj captured the forts of Torana, Murumbdev, Kondhana and Purandar while laying the foundation of Swaraj.

Question 5.
Whom did Shahajiraje entrust the jagir of Pune?
Answer:
Shahajiraje entrusted the jagir of Pune to Shivajiraje and Veermata Jijabai.

Question 6.
Who was looking after the administration of the Adilshahi?
Answer:
Badi Sahiba was looking after the administration of the Adilshahi.

Question 7.
Whom did Badi Sahiba send to curb Shivaji Maharaj?
Answer:
Badi Sahiba sent Afzalkhan, a powerful and experienced Adilshahi General to curb Shivaji Maharaj.

Question 8.
What is inscribed on the Royal Seal?
Answer:
Shivaji Maharaja’s objective of establishing Swaraj was clearly expressed in his Royal Seal.

Question 9.
Who was Chandrarao More?
Answer:
Chandrarao More of Javali in Satara district was a powerful Sardar in the Adilshahi, who was against the founding of the Swaraj.

Question 10.
When was Shivaji Maharaj bom?
Answer:
Shivaji Maharaj was bom on 19th February, 1630 and as per Hindu Calendar on Phagun Vadya Tritiya, Shaka year 1551.

Find the odd man out:

Question 1.
Yesaji Kank, Baji Pasalkar, Tanaji Malusare the Mores of Javali
Answer:
The Mores of Javali.

Question 2.
Portuguese, Siddi, British, Mughals
Answer:
Mughals

Give reasons for the following:

Question 1.
Shivaji Maharaj decided to acquire the forts that were within his own jagir.
Answer:

• The forts situated within the jagir of Shivaji Maharaj were not under his control but were under the control of Adilshah.
• In those days, forts were of special significance.
• With a firm hold over a fort, it was possible to control the surrounding area. Hence, Shivaji Maharaj decided to acquire the forts that were within his own jagir.

Question 2.
Conquest of Javali increased Shivaji Maharaj strength in all respects.
Answer:

• Shivaji Maharaj attacked Javali and captured the region in 1656 CE.
• Shivaji Maharaj established his post in Javali.
• He also captured Raigad. He attained a huge wealth from Javali.
• After this victory, his activities in Konkan increased.
• He built the Pratapgad fort in the Javali valley.
• In this way, the conquest of Javali increased his strength in all respects.

Question 3.
Bajiprabhu dies a hero’s death.
Answer:

• Shivaji Maharaj left the fort using another difficult route.
• He was accompanied by Bajiprabhu Deshpande and some chosen soldiers.
• Bajiprabhu army pursued Shivaji Maharaj.
• Shivaji Maharaj entrusted the responsibility of stopping Siddi’s army at the foot of Vishalgad to Bajiprabhu Deshpande.
• Bajiprabhu Deshpande checked Siddi’s army at the Ghod pass near Gajapur.
• He fought with the greatest valour.
• Bajiprabhu died a hero’s death in the battle.

Find out and write:

Question 1.
Adilshah sent Siddi Jauhar, the Sardar of the Kamul region against Shivaji Maharaj in 1600 CE.
Answer:

• Shivaji Maharaj captured the Adilshahi forts of Panhala, Vasantgad and Khelna.
• Shivaji Maharaj had posed a big challenge before the Adilshahi.
• Therefore, Adilshah sent Siddi Jauhar, the Sardar of the Kamul region against Shivaji Maharaj in 1660 CE.

Write in short about:

Question 1.
Defeat of Afzalkhan
Answer:

• Badi Sahiba sent the powerful and experienced Afzalkhan to curb Shivaji Maharaj.
• A meeting between Afzalkhan and Shivaji was arranged at the foot of Pratapgad near Wai.
• At the meeting, Afzalkhan attempted treachery.
• In return, Shivaji Maharaj killed Afzalkhan and routed the Adilshahi army.

Question 2.
Royal Seal (Rajmudra)
Answer:

• The objective of Shivaji Maharaj of establishing of Swaraj is expressed in his Royal Seal.
• The meaning expressed is that this seal will grow in splendour like the new moon. The seal of Shivaji, the son of Shivaji receiving homage from the whole world denotes the welfare of the people.

Question 3.
Veermata Jijabai
Answer:

• Jijabai was daughter of the great Sardar Lakhujiraje Jadhav of Sindkhedraja in Buldhana district.
• At a young age, she had received military education along with learning various arts.
• She helped and encouraged Shahaji Maharaj to realise his dream of establishing Swaraj
• She was a competent and visionary political expert.

Let’s Learn:

Observe the official seal of our country.

Question 1.
What features do you observe?
Answer:

• Official seal is called the National Emblem of India.
• Elephant is in East, Horse in west (left), Bull south (right) and lion in North.
• There are four lions standings back to back, but in the emblem three are seen.
• There is a wheel under the lions.
• Underneath there are the words “Satyameva Jayate’ in Devnagri script.

Question 2.
In which places is the official seal used?
Answer:
Coins, currency notes, postcards, envelops, passport and Government documents.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 Science Solutions

• Chapter 1 The Living World : Adaptations and Classification
• Chapter 2 Plants : Structure and Function
• Chapter 3 Properties of Natural Resources
• Chapter 4 Nutrition in Living Organisms
• Chapter 5 Food Safety
• Chapter 6 Measurement of Physical Quantities
• Chapter 7 Motion, Force and Work
• Chapter 8 Static Electricity
• Chapter 9 Heat
• Chapter 10 Disaster Management
• Chapter 11 Cell Structure and Micro-organisms
• Chapter 12 The Muscular System and Digestive System in Human Beings
• Chapter 13 Changes – Physical and Chemical
• Chapter 14 Elements, Compounds and Mixtures
• Chapter 15 Materials we Use
• Chapter 16 Natural Resources
• Chapter 17 Effects of Light
• Chapter 18 Sound : Production of Sound
• Chapter 19 Properties of a Magnetic Field
• Chapter 20 In the World of Stars

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 7 Maths Solutions covers the 7th Std Maths Practice Set 50 Answers Solutions Chapter 14 Algebraic Formulae – Expansion of Squares.

Algebraic Formulae – Expansion of Squares Class 7 Practice Set 50 Answers Solutions Chapter 14

Question 1.
Expand:
i. (5a + 6b)²
ii. \(\left(\frac{\mathrm{a}}{2}+\frac{\mathrm{b}}{3}\right)^{2}\)
iii. (2p – 3q)²
iv. \(\left(x-\frac{2}{x}\right)^{2}\)
v. (ax + by)²
vi. (7m – 4)²
vii. \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2}\)
viii. \(\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)^{2}\)
Solution:
i. (5a + 6b)²
Here, A = 5a and B = 6b
(5a + 6b)² = (5a)² + 2 × 5a × 6b + (6b)²
…. [(A + B)² = A² + 2AB + B²]
∴ (5a + 6b)² = 25a² + 60ab + 36b²

ii. \(\left(\frac{\mathrm{a}}{2}+\frac{\mathrm{b}}{3}\right)^{2}\)
Here A = \(\frac { a }{ 2 }\) and B = \(\frac { b }{ 3 }\)

iii. (2p – 3q)²
Here, a = 2p and b = 3q
(2p – 3q)² = (2p)² – 2 × (2p) × (3q) + (3q)²
…. [(a – b)² = a² – 2ab + b²]
∴ (2p – 3q)² = 4p² – 12pq + 9q²

iv. \(\left(x-\frac{2}{x}\right)^{2}\)
Here a = x and b = \(\frac { 2 }{ x }\)

v. (ax + by)²
Here, A = ax and B = by
(ax + by)² = (ax)² + 2 × ax × by + (by)²
…. [(A + B)² = A² + 2AB + B²]
∴ (ax + by)² = a²x² + 2abxy + b²y²

vi. (7m – 4)²
Here, a = 7m and b = 4
(7m – 4)² = (7m)² – 2 × 7m × 4 + 4²
…. [(a – b)² = a² – 2ab + b²]
∴ (7m – 4)² = 49m² – 56m + 16

vii. \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2}\)
Here a = x and b = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\)

viii. \(\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)^{2}\)
Here A = a and B = \(\frac { 1 }{ a }\)

Question 2.
Which of the options given below is the square of the binomial
(A) \(64-\frac{1}{x^{2}}\)
(B) \(64+\frac{1}{x^{2}}\)
(C) \(64-\frac{16}{x}+\frac{1}{x^{2}}\)
(D) \(64+\frac{16}{x}+\frac{1}{x^{2}}\)
Solution:
(C) \(64-\frac{16}{x}+\frac{1}{x^{2}}\)

Hint:
= \(\left(8-\frac{1}{x}\right)^{2}=8^{2}-2 \times 8 \times \frac{1}{x}+\left(\frac{1}{x}\right)^{2}\) …[(a – b)² = a² – 2ab + b²]
= \(64-\frac{16}{x}+\frac{1}{x^{2}}\)

Question 3.
Of which of the binomials given below is the m²n² + 14mnpq + 49p²q² the expansion?
(A) (m + n) (p + q)
(B) (mn – pq)
(C) (7mn + pq)
(D) (mn + 7pq)
Solution:
(D) (mn + 7pq)

Hint:
Here, square root of the first term = mn
Square root of the last term = 7pq
∴ Required binomial = (mn + 7pq)²

Question 4.
Use an expansion formula to find the values of:
i. (997)²
ii. (102)²
iii. (97)²
iv. (1005)²
Solution:
i. (997)² = (1000 – 3)²
Here, a = 1000 and b = 3
(1000 – 3)² = (1000)² – 2 x 1000 x 3 + 3²
…. [(a – b)² = a² – 2ab + b²]
= 1000000 – 6000 + 9
= 994009
∴ (997)² = 994009

ii. (102)² = (100 + 2)²
Here, a = 100 and b = 2
(100 + 2)² = (100)² + 2 x 100 x 2 + 2²
…. [(a + b)² = a² + 2ab + b²]
= 10000 + 400 + 4
= 10404
∴ (102)² = 10404

iii. (97)² = (100 – 3)²
Here, a = 100 and b = 3
(100 – 3)² = (100)² – 2 x 100 x 3 + 3²
…. [(a – b)² = a² – 2ab + b²]
= 10000 – 600 + 9
= 9409
∴ (97)² = 9409

iv. (1005)² = (1000 + 5)²
Here, a = 1000 and b = 5 (1000 + 5)²
= (1000)² + 2 x 1000 x 5 + 5²
…. [(a + b)² = a² + 2ab + b²]
= 1000000+ 10000 + 25
= 1010025
∴ (1005)² = 1010025

Maharashtra Board Class 7 Maths Chapter 14 Algebraic Formulae – Expansion of Squares Practice Set 50 Intext Questions and Activities

Question 1.
Use the given values to verify the formulae for squares of binomials. (Textbook pg. no. 92)
i. a = -7, b = 8
ii. a = 11,b = 3
iii. a = 2.5,b = 1.2
Solution:
i. (a + b)² = (-7 + 8)²
= 1²
= 1
a² + 2ab + b² = (-7)² + 2 x (-7) x 8 + 8²
= 49 – 112 + 64
= 1
∴(a + b)² = a² + 2ab + b²
(a – b)² = (-7 – 8)²
= (-15)²
= 225
a² – 2ab + b² = (-7)² – 2 x (-7) x 8 + (8)²
= 49 + 112 + 64
= 225
∴(a – b)² = a² – 2ab + b²

ii. (a + b)² = (11 + 3)²
= 14²
= 196
a² + 2ab + b² = 11² + 2 x 11 x 3 + 3²
= 121 + 66 + 9
= 196
∴(a + b)² = a² + 2ab + b²
(a – b)² = (11 – 3)² = 8²
= 64
a² – 2ab + b² = 11² – 2 x 11 x 3 + 3²
= 121 – 66 + 9
= 64
∴(a – b)² = a² – 2ab + b²

iii. (a + b)² = (2.5 + 1.2)²
= 3.7²
= 13.69
a² + 2ab + b² = (2.5)² + 2 x 2.5 x 1.2 + (1.2)²
= 6.25 + 6 + 1.44
= 13.69
∴(a + b)² = a² + 2ab + b²
(a – b)² = (2.5 – 1.2)²
= 1.32
= 1.69
a² – 2ab + b² = (2.5)² – 2 x 2.5 x 1.2 + (1.2)²
= 6.25 – 6 + 1.44
= 1.69
∴(a – b)² = a² – 2ab + b²-

Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 7 Hindi Solutions Sulabhbharati Chapter 3 दादी माँ का परिवार Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.

Maharashtra State Board Class 7 Hindi Solutions Chapter 3 दादी माँ का परिवार

Hindi Sulabhbharti Class 7 Solutions Chapter 3 दादी माँ का परिवार Textbook Questions and Answers

जरा सोचो ………. बताओ

यदि प्राकृतिक संसाधन समाप्त हो जाएँ तो… जैसे-जल, बन आदि। इस पर आधारित अपने विचार लिखिए। (कल्पनात्मक-लेखन)
Answer:
प्रकृति हमारी माता है, वह हमारी जीवनदायिनी है। प्रकृति से हमें कई प्राकृतिक संसाधन प्राप्त होते हैं। जल, वन, खनिज तेल, धातुएँ, कोयला, समुद्र से प्राप्त होनेवाले कई पदार्थ ये सब प्राकृतिक संसाधन हैं। मनुष्य ने अपने स्वार्थ हेतु इन वस्तुओं को अधिक से अधिक मात्रा में उपयोग किया है। अब इनकी संख्या में दिन-प्रतिदिन कमी आती जा रही है। ये सारे प्राकृतिक संसाधन अगर मनुष्य की ऐसी बेपरवाह एवं स्वार्थपरायण वृत्ति से समाप्त हो जाए, तो मनुष्य की आनेवाली पीढ़ियाँ इसका उपभोग न कर पाएंगी और इसका सारा दोष वर्तमान मनुष्य पर डालेंगी।

इसका विचार करते हुए वर्तमान समय में हमें इन सभी प्राकृतिक संसाधनों का उपयोग सोच-समझकर एवं योग्य मात्रा में करना चाहिए। जिस प्रकार पानी के बिना मछली जीवित नहीं रह सकती, उसी प्रकार मनुष्य का संपूर्ण जीवन प्राकृतिक संसाधनों पर आधारित है। इनकी समाप्ति मानव जीवन की सबसे बड़ी हानि होगी। प्रकृति का साथ लेकर ही मनुष्य अपना जीवन अधिक सुंदर व सफल बना सकता है। इसलिए प्रकृति प्रदत्त इस संपदा का प्रयोग हमें भविष्य की सोच एवं संचयन नीति के आधार पर करना चाहिए।

मेरी कलम से

निम्नलिखित शब्दों के आधार पर एक कहानी लिखिए। (पानी, पुस्तक, बिल्ली, राखी।) (कहानी-लेखन)
Answer:
रामपुर नाम का एक गाँव था। वहाँ मोहन नाम का एक लड़का अपने माता-पिता के साथ रहता था। उसकी बहन मीना उनसे दूर रघुपूर नामक गाँव में अपनी शिक्षा पूरी करने के लिए गई थी। मोहन अपनी बहन से बहुत प्रेम करता था। अपनी प्यारी बहन से दूर रहना उसे बिलकुल अच्छा नहीं लगता था। कुछ दिनों बाद राखी का त्योहार आया। मोहन अपनी बहन से मिलने जाना चाहता था किंतु आकाश में छाए बादलों व भारी वर्षा के कारण सब जगह पानी जमा हो गया।

अब मोहन को मीना से मिलने की इच्छा डूबती हुई नज़र आने लगी। उसने अपनी बहन को उपहार देने के लिए कहानियों की एक पुस्तक खरीदी थी। उसे बहुत बुरा लग रहा था। उसने निश्चय किया कि कुछ भी हो वह अपनी बहन से मिलने अवश्य जाएगा। वह बहन को मिलने जाने के लिए जब घर से निकला तब काली बिल्ली रास्ता काटती चली गई। वह बहुत डर गया और सोचने लगा कि अगर रघुपूर जानेवाली बस उसे नहीं मिली, तो वह अपनी बहन से नहीं मिल पाएगा।

वह निराश होकर नीचे बैठ गया और सिसक-सिसककर रोने लगा। तभी उसके सिर को किसी ने प्यार से सहलाया। मोहन ने ऊपर देखा तो उसके सामने उसकी बहन मीना खड़ी थी। मोहन खुशी से फूला न समाया और अपनी बहन से लिपट गया। स्वयं मीना उससे मिलने आई थी। घर के सभी लोग खुश थे। इस प्रकार मोहन-मीना के साथ समस्त परिवार ने खुशीखुशी त्योहार मनाया।

विचार मंथन:

“वृक्षवल्ली आम्हां सोयरे वनचरे” इन पंक्तियों का अर्थ स्पष्ट कीजिए। (अर्थ-स्पष्टीकरण)
Answer:
“वृक्षवल्ली आम्हां सोयरे वनचरे”
वृक्ष अर्थात पेड़-पौधे। वृक्ष महत्त्वपूर्ण प्राकृतिक संसाधन हैं। इनसे मिलनेवाले सारे सुख-साधन हमारे लिए प्रकृति की देन हैं। वन में रहनेवाले सभी पशु-पक्षी, जीव-जंतु, पेड़-पौधे और अपनी मधुर आवाज से अपने भगवान को पुकारने वाले ये रंग-बिरंगे पक्षी प्राकृतिक संबंधों में हमारे परिवार के सदस्य हैं।

इस कारण हमारे परिवार के सभी सदस्यों की देखभाल करना उनके भविष्य के बारे में सोचना उनकी रक्षा करना हमारा परम कर्तव्य है। प्रकृति में स्थित पशु-पक्षी, पेड़-पौधे, नदी-नाले इन सभी प्राकृतिक चीजों पर संपूर्ण मानव जाति का जीवन आधारित है। इनकी रक्षा करना संपूर्ण मानव जाति की रक्षा करना है।

सुने हुए चुटकुले, हास्य प्रसंगों को पुन: स्मरण करके सुनाइए।
Answer:
विदयार्थी स्वयं सुने हुए चुटकुले, हास्य प्रसंग सुनाकर अपेक्षित कृति करेंगे।

आकारिक मूल्यमापन

१. सुनो तो जरा: सुने हुए चुटकुले, हास्य प्रसंगों को पुन: स्मरण करके सुनाओ।
२. वाचन जगत से: स्वामी विवेकानंद का कोई भाषण पढ़ो और प्रमुख वाक्य बताओ।
३. अध्ययन कौशल: अपने और किसी पड़ोसी राज्य के राष्ट्रीय अभ्यारण्यों की शासकीय वीडियो क्लिप्स फिल्म्स आदि देखकर वर्गीकरण करों एवं टिपण्णी बनाओ।

अध्ययन कौशल

Answer:
१. राज्य का नाम: महाराष्ट्र
अभयारण्य का नाम: संजय गांधी राष्ट्रीय उद्यान
विशेषताएं: यह उद्यान महाराष्ट्र की राजधानी मुंबई के उत्तरी भाग में स्थित है। उद्यान लगभग १०४ वर्ग किलोमीटर तक फैला हुआ है। इस उद्यान में दो मुख्य जलाशय हैं, जिनके आस-पास घिड़याल और पाइथन साँपों का निवास है। इस पार्क के । जंगलों में शेर, बाघ, चमगादड़, माउस डीयर, बोनेट मेकाक, रिसस मेकाक व हनुमान लंगूर आदि भी देखने को मिलते है।

२. राज्य का नाम: केरल
अभयारण्य का नाम: पेरिया वन्य जीव अभयारण्य
विशेषताएं: यह राष्ट्रीय उद्यान एक बाघ संरक्षित क्षेत्र है। यहाँ नदी के गहरे जल में हाथी तैरने का अभ्यास करते हैं। नीलगाय, सांभार, भालू, चीता तथा तेंदुआ आदि जंगली जानवर भी यहाँ पाए जाते हैं।

वाचन जगत से:

स्वामी विवेकानंद का कोई भाषण – पढ़ो और प्रमुख वाक्य बताओ।
Answer:
स्वामी विवेकानंद ने अमेरिका के शिकागो में ११ सितंबर, १८९३ को आयोजित विश्व धर्म सम्मेलन में जो भाषण दिया था, उसमें उन्होंने कहा था, ‘मैं एक ऐसे धर्म का अनुयायी होने में गर्व का अनुभव करता हूँ, जिसने संसार को सहिष्णुता तथा सार्वभौम स्वीकृत दोनों की ही शिक्षा दी है। हम लोग सब धर्मों के प्रति केवल सहिष्णुता में ही विश्वास नहीं करते वरन समस्त धर्मों को सच्चा मानकर स्वीकार करते हैं। मुझे ऐसे देश का व्यक्ति होने का अभिमान है जिसने इस पृथ्वी के समस्त धर्मों और देशों के उत्पिीड़तों और शरणार्थियों को आश्रय दिया है।”

सदैव ध्यान में रखो:

संगठन में ही शक्ति है, इसे जीवन में उतारो ।

भाषा की ओर:

निम्नलिखित शब्दों के वचन बदलकर वाक्य में प्रयोग करके लिखो।

Answer:
१. थैली – पॉलीथिन की थैली का प्रयोग नहीं करना चाहिए।
२. पंखे – आवश्यकता न होने पर पंखे बंद रखकर हमें बिजली की बचत करनी चाहिए।
३. दीवारें – सोना के घर की दीवारें बहुत ही ऊँची हैं।
४. राजा – अपनी प्रजा की रक्षा करना प्रत्येक राजा का कर्तव्य होता है।
५. वस्तु – विजय ने अपनी कीमती वस्तु सँभालकर रखी।
६. भिड़ए – जंगल में भिड़ए दल बनाकर शिकार करते हैं।
७. बहुएँ – मीरा चाची की बहुएँ बहुत ही स्वादिष्ट खाना बनाती हैं।
८. रोटियाँ – समिधा ने अपनी माँ से गोल-गोल रोटियाँ बनाना सीख लिया है।

निम्नलिखित वाक्यों को कहानी के घटना क्रम के अनुसार लिखिए।

Question 1.
चिंकी ने भी दो बेटों का उपहार दिया।
Answer:
घर के आंगन में बरगद का पेड़ था।

Question 2.
एक साथ उड़ने को रहेंगे तैयार।
Answer:
चिंकी ने भी दो बेटों का उपहार दिया

Question 3.
टीनू-मीनू, चुसकू-मुसकू खेलने लगे।
Answer:
एक साथ उड़ने को रहेंगे तैयार।

Question 4.
घर के आँगन में बरगद का पेड़ था।
Answer:
घर के आँगन में बरगद का पेड़ था।

निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर लिखिए।

Question 1.
चिड़िया कहाँ रहती थी?
Answer:
चिड़िया दादी माँ के घर के आँगन के पेड़ पर बने घोंसले में रहती थी।

Question 2.
बहेलिया कब ठगा-सा रह गया?
Answer:
सभी पंछियों को जाल सहित उड़ते देखकर बहेलिया ठगा-सा रह गया।

Question 3.
दादी माँ सुबह उठकर क्या करतीं?
Answer:
दादी माँ सुबह उठकर अपने घर और आँगन की साफ़-सफाई करती। आँगन में अपना आसन लगाकर खाना बनाती व खाती थीं।

Question 4.
चुसकू-मूसकू ने किससे जाल काटा?
Answer:
चुसकू-मुसकू ने अपने पैने दाँतों से जाल काटा।

Question 5.
दादी माँ की दीन-दुनिया में कौन-कौन थे?
Answer:
दादी माँ की दीन-दुनिया में बरगद के पेड़ पर घोंसले में रहने वाली नीलू चिड़िया तथा पेड़ के नीचे बिल बनाकर रहने वाली चिंकी चुहिया थी।

Question 6.
दादी माँ नीलू चिड़िया व चिंकी चुहिया के बच्चों को हमेशा क्या समझाती थीं?
Answer:
दादी माँ नीलू चिड़िया व चिंकी चुहिया के बच्चों को हमेशा यह समझाती थीं कि आपस में लडाई-झगडा मत करो। सभी मिलकर एकता से रहो। एकता में ही खुशहाली है। आपस में किसी प्रकार का मतभेद न रखते हुए खुशहाली से रहो।

Question 7.
चिड़े-चिड़ियों की घर जाने की आस क्यों खत्म हुई?
Answer:
चिड़े-चिड़ियों की घर जाने की आस इसलिए खत्म हो गई क्योंकि सभी पंछी बहेलिए के जाल में फंस गए थे। कई बार निकलने का प्रयास करने के बावजूद भी वे उसमें से नहीं निकल पा रहे थे।

Question 8.
टीनू ने बहेलिए के चंगुल से बच निकलने के लिए कौन-सी योजना बनाई?
Answer:
टीनू ने बहेलिए के चंगुल से बच निकलने के लिए मीनू के एक, दो, तीन, चार कहने पर एक ही दिशा में एक साथ उड़ चलने की योजना बनाई।

व्याकरण और भाषाभ्यास

निम्नलिखित शब्दों के वचन बदलकर वाक्य में प्रयोग कीजिए।

Question 1.
थैलियाँ – थैली
Answer:
पॉलीथिन की थैली का प्रयोग नहीं करना चाहिए।

Question 2.
पंखा – पंखे
Answer:
गरमी के दिनों में सभी घरों में पंखे चलाए जाते हैं।

Question 3.
दीवार – दीवारें
Answer:
राजमहल में कई दीवारें होती हैं।

Question 4.
राजा – राजा
Answer:
हमारे भारत में कई वीर राजा हुए हैं।

Question 5.
वस्तुएँ – वस्तू
Answer:
मैने मोहन के हाथ में किमती वस्तू देखी।

Question 6.
भेड़िया – भेड़िए
Answer:
जंगल में कई भेड़िए देखने को मिलते हैं।

Question 7. बहू – बहुएँ
Answer:
मीना की सारी बहुएँ बहुत सुंदर हैं।

Question 8.
रोटी – रोटियाँ
Answer:
मैने भूखे कुत्ते को रोटियाँ खिलाई।

Question 9.
चिड़िया – चिड़ियाँ
Answer:
पेड़ पर चिड़ियाँ चहचहा रही थीं।

Question 10.
लता – लताएँ
Answer:
अंगूर की लताएँ बिखरने लगी हैं।

निम्नलिखित शब्दों के विरुद्धार्थी शब्द लिखिए।

1. एक
2. ठंडा
3. रोना
4. अच्छा
5. मुक्त
6. हार
7. पास
8. आरंभ

Answer:

1. अनेक
2. गरम
3. हँसना
4. बुरा
5. कैद
6. जीत
7. दूर
8. अंत

Hindi Sulabhbharti Class 7 Solutions Chapter 3 दादी माँ का परिवार Additional Important Questions and Answers

कोष्ठक में से उचित शब्द चुनकर रिक्त स्थानों की पूर्ति कीजिए।

(छोटे-से, आँगन, दाना, एकता, कलरव, ग्यारह, सीख, ताकत)

Question 1.
नीलू …………. चुगने चली गई।
Answer:
दाना

Question 2.
दादी माँ एक ………….. घर में रहती थीं।
Answer:
छोटे-से

Question 3.
उन सब में गजब की ………. थी।
Answer:
एकता

Question 4.
एक और एक .होते हैं।
Answer:
ग्यारह

Question 5.
दादी माँ की ……….. रंग लाई।
Answer:
सीख

Question 6.
आँगन में अचानक …………. हुआ।
Answer:
कलरव

Question 7.
सुबह उठकर दादी ………..” बुहारती थीं।
Answer:
आँगन

Question 8.
हम सब एकता की ………” दिखाएँगे।
Answer:
ताकत

निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के एक वाक्य में उत्तर लिखिए।

Question 1.
दादी माँ कैसी थीं?
Answer:
दादी माँ समझदार व सयानी थीं।

Question 2.
घर के आँगन में कौन-सा पेड़ था?
Answer:
घर के आंगन में बरगद का पेड़ था।

Question 3.
नीलू चिड़िया के बच्चों के नाम क्या थे?
Answer:
नीलू चिड़िया के बच्चों के नाम टीनू और मीनू थे।

Question 4.
चिंकी चुहिया के बच्चों के नाम क्या थे?
Answer:
चिंकी चुहिया के बच्चों के नाम चुसकू-मुसकू थे।

Question 5.
नीलू बच्चों को अपने साथ कहाँ ले गई?
Answer:
नीलू बच्चों को अपने साथ दाना चुगने के लिए ले गई।

Question 6.
चिड़ियाँ कहाँ फँस गई?
Answer:
चिड़ियाँ बहेलिए के जाल में फंस गईं।

Question 7.
चिड़ियों ने अपने भीतर कौन-सी शक्ति भरी?
Answer:
चिड़ियों ने अपने भीतर एकता की शक्ति भरी।

Question 8.
दादी माँ ने किस गोली की बात बताई?
Answer:
दादी माँ ने एकता की गोली की बात बताई।

Question 9.
दादी माँ ने चिड़ियों को किससे याचना करने के लिए कहा?
Answer:
दादी माँ ने चिड़ियों को चिंकी से याचना करने के लिए कहा।

Question 10.
सभी ने एकसाथ मिलकर क्या कहा?
Answer:
सभी ने एकसाथ मिलकर यह कहा कि “अंत भला तो सब भला।”

किसने, किससे कहा?

Question 1.
“एकता पंछियों की ही नहीं, औरों में भी होनी चाहिए वही।”
Answer:
दादी माँ ने पंछियों से कहा।

Question 2.
“हम आजाद हो रहे हैं, अहा!”
Answer:
टीनू-मीनू ने मौसी से कहा।

Question 3.
“मेरे बच्चों, मत लड़ो। झगड़े-टंटों में मत पड़ो।”
Answer:
दादी माँ ने टीनू-मोनू और चुसकू-मुसकू से कहा।

Question 4.
“अरे! हम सब उलझ गए हैं।”
Answer:
मुनमुन ने सभी चिड़ियों से कहा।

Question 5.
“बहेलिए के जाल में फंस गए हैं।”
Answer:
नीलू ने सभी चिड़ियों से कहा।

Question 6.
“बस, इतने में ही डर गई?”
Answer:
टीनू ने सभी चिड़ियों से कहा।

Question 7.
“खैरियत तो है, क्या हुआ था काज?”
Answer:
दादी माँ ने नीलू से कहा।

Question 8.
“टीनू-मीनू हैं समझदार। तभी तो किया खबरदार।”
Answer:
दादी माँ ने पंछियों से कहा।

निमलिखित शब्दों के दो-दो पर्यायवाची शब्द लिखिए।

1. सुबह
2. दुनिया
3. स्नेह
4. होशियार
5. चाह
6. आँख

Answer:

1. भोर, प्रात:
2. संसार, जगत, विश्व
3. प्रेम, प्यार
4. चालाक, चतुर
5. इच्छा, कामना, आकांक्षा
6. नयन, नेत्र, चक्षु

निम्नलिखित शब्दों को सही स्थान पर रखकर अर्थपूर्ण शब्द बनाइए।

1. चानका
2. गऑन
3. याटिख
4. रककससि
5. ईहादु
6. ताकए

Answer:

1. अचानक
2. आँगन
3. खटिया
4. सिसककर
5. दुहाई
6. एकता

निम्नलिखित वाक्यों में से सर्वनाम शब्द चुनकर लिखिए।

संज्ञा शब्द के बदले प्रयोग किए जानेवाले शब्दों को ‘सर्वनाम कहते हैं। सर्वनाम के मुख्य रूप से छ: भेद होते हैं।

पुरूषवाचक सर्वनाम: जिस सर्वनाम शब्द का प्रयोग व्यक्ति, वक्ता, श्रोता या किसी अन्य के लिए करता है, उसे ‘पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम’ कहते हैं। जैसे – मैं, तुम, आप, वे इत्यादी।

निश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम : जिस सर्वनाम शब्द से किसी निश्चित व्यक्ति, वस्तु या स्थान का बोध होता हो, उसे ‘निश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम’ कहते हैं। जैसे – यह, वह, ये, वे आदि।

अनिश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम: जिस सर्वनाम शब्द से किसी अनिश्चित व्यक्ति, वस्तु या स्थान का बोध होता हो, उसे ‘अनिश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम’ कहते हैं। जैसे – कोई, कुछ, किसी आदि।

संबंधवाचक सर्वनाम : जो सर्वनाम शब्द वाक्य में आए दूसरे संज्ञा या सर्वनाम शब्द से संबंध बताए, उसे ‘संबंधवाचक सर्वनाम’ कहते हैं। जैसे – जो-वह, जैसा-वैसा आदि। प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम : जिस सर्वनाम का प्रयोग प्रश्न पूछने के लिए किया जाता है, उसे ‘प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम’ कहते –
जैसे – कौन, क्या, कहाँ आदि।

निजवाचक सर्वनाम: ऐसे सर्वनाम शब्द जो स्वयं के लिए प्रयोग में लाए जाते हैं, उन्हें निजवाचक सर्वनाम’ कहते हैं।
जैसे – स्वयं, खुद, अपने, आप आदि।

1. वह दादी माँ की संगिया थी।
2. वे सब खुश थे।
3. उसने सबको बतलाया।
4. हमें एकता से लड़ना चाहिए।
5. उन्होंने मिलकर संकट का सामना किया।

Answer:

1. वह
2. वे
3. उसने
4. हमें
5. उन्होंने

प्रस्तुत पाठ में आए लयात्मक शब्दों को ढूँढ़कर उनका वाक्य में प्रयोग कीजिए।

Question 1.
बुहारती – सँवारती
Answer:
मेरी माँ प्रतिदिन घर को बुारती-संवारती रहती है।

Question 2.
फुदकती – चिंचियाती
Answer:
मेरे घर के आँगन में हर दिन चिड़ियाँ फुदकती-चिंचियाती रहती है।

Question 3.
हँसते – खेलते
Answer:
छोटे बच्चे हमेशा हँसते-खेलते रहते हैं।

Question 4.
खाते – गाते
Answer:
मोहन हर पल खाते-गाते रहता है।

Question 5.
आनन- फानन
Answer:
त्योहारों की धूम में कुछ लोग आनन-फानन में नाचते हैं।

Question 6.
टीनू – मीनू
Answer:
टीनू-मीनू दोनों भी चालाक थे।

Question 7.
चुसकू – मुसकू
Answer:
चुसकू-मुसकू के दाँत बड़े तेज थे।

निम्नलिखित मुहावरों एवं कहावतों का अर्थ लिखकर वाक्य में प्रयोग कीजिए।

Question 1.
तुनककर बोलना – चिढ़कर बोलना।
Answer:
झगड़े में राजीव का नाम आते ही वह तुनककर बोलने लगा।

Question 2.
अक्ल का पत्ता खोलना – तरकीब बताना।
Answer:
बाढ़ के समय सुनिल ने अपनी अक्ल का पत्ता खोलकर सबकी जान बचाई।

Question 3.
ठगा-सा रहना – चकित होना, सुध-बुध खोकर देखना।
Answer:
उस छोटे बच्चे का करतब देखकर मैं ठगा-सा रह गया।

Question 4.
रंग लाना – मेहनत का फल मिलना।
Answer:
कक्षा में राम का प्रथम क्रमांक आया, आखिर उसकी मेहनत रंग लाई।

Question 5.
मन को बहलाना – प्रेमपूर्वक बातें करना।
Answer:
मेरी दादी माँ हर दिन हम बच्चों के मन को बहलाती हैं।

Question 6.
यत्न करना – बहुत प्रयास करना।
Answer:
कौरवों ने कई प्रकार का यत्न किया किंतु वे पांडवों के साथ युद्ध न जीत सकें।

Question 7.
एक और एक ग्यारह – एकता में बल।
Answer:
कंपनी के मालिक ने मजदूरों को एक-दूसरे से तोड़ने की बहुत कोशिश की किंतु वे बिलकुल डटे रहें, कहते हैं न एक और एक ग्यारह होते हैं।

Question 8.
अंत भला तो सब भला – परिणाम अच्छा तो सब अच्छा।
Answer:
महात्मा गांधी हमेशा सच्चाई की राह पर चलने की सीख देते थे क्योंकि उनका मानना था कि अंत भला तो सब भला।